35th Canadian Parliament

35th Parliament of Canada
Majority parliament
January 17, 1994 – April 27, 1997
Parliament leaders
Prime Minister (cabinet)	Rt. Hon. Jean Chrétien (26th Canadian Ministry) November 4, 1993 – December 12, 2003
Leader of the Opposition	Hon. Lucien Bouchard October 25, 1993 – January 14, 1996
	Hon. Gilles Duceppe (interim) January 15, 1996 – February 16, 1996
	Hon. Michel Gauthier February 17, 1996 – March 14, 1997
	Hon. Gilles Duceppe (2nd time) March 15, 1997 – June 23, 1997
Party caucuses
Government	Liberal Party
Opposition	Bloc Québécois
Third parties	Reform Party
	New Democratic Party*
	Progressive Conservative Party*
* Party did not hold official party status.
House of Commons
Seating arrangements of the House of Commons
Speaker of the Commons	Hon. Gilbert Parent January 17, 1994 – January 28, 2001
Government House Leader	Hon. Herb Gray November 4, 1993 – April 27, 1997
Opposition House Leader	Hon. Michel Gauthier November 10, 1993 – February 17, 1996
	Hon. Gilles Duceppe February 18, 1996 – March 16, 1997
	Hon. Suzanne Tremblay March 17, 1997 – April 25, 1996
Members	295 MP seats List of members
Senate
Speaker of the Senate	Hon. Roméo Leblanc December 7, 1993 – November 21, 1994
	Hon. Gildas Molgat November 22, 1994 – January 25, 2001
Government Senate Leader	Hon. Joyce Fairbairn November 4, 1993 – June 10, 1997
Opposition Senate Leader	Hon. John Lynch-Staunton December 15, 1993 – September 30, 2004
Senators	104 senator seats List of senators
Sessions
1st Session January 14, 1994 – February 2, 1996
2nd Session February 27, 1996 – April 27, 1997
<34th 36th>

Jean Chrétien was Prime Minister during the 35th Canadian Parliament.

The 35th Canadian Parliament was in session from January 17, 1994 until April 27, 1997. The membership was set by the 1993 federal election on October 25, 1993, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1997 election.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party majority under Prime Minister Jean Chrétien and the 26th Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Bloc Québécois, led first by Lucien Bouchard, then by Michel Gauthier, and finally by Gilles Duceppe.

The Speaker was Gilbert Parent. See also list of Canadian electoral districts 1987-1997 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were two sessions of the 35th Parliament:

Session	Start	End
1st	January 17, 1994	February 2, 1996
2nd	February 27, 1996	April 27, 1997

Party standings

The party standings as of the election and as of dissolution were as follows:

Affiliation		House Members		Senate Members[1]
		1993 Election Results	At Dissolution	On Election Day 1993[2]	At Dissolution
	Liberal Party of Canada	177	174	41	51
	Bloc Québécois	54	50	0	0
	Reform	52	50	0	0
	New Democratic Party	9	9	0	0
	Progressive Conservative Party of Canada	2	2	58	50
	Independent	1	6	5	3
Total members		295	291	104	104
	Vacant	0	4	0	0
Total seats		295		104

Members of the House of Commons

Members of the House of Commons in the 35th parliament arranged by province.

Newfoundland

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Bonavista—Trinity—Conception	Fred Mifflin	Liberal
	Burin—St. George's	Roger Simmons	Liberal
	Gander—Grand-Falls	George S. Baker	Liberal
	Humber—St. Barbe—Baie Verte	Brian Tobin	Liberal
	Gerry Byrne*	Liberal
	Labrador	Bill Rompkey	Liberal
	Lawrence O'Brien**	Liberal
	St. John's East	Bonnie Hickey	Liberal
	St. John's West	Jean Payne	Liberal

* Brian Tobin left parliament in 1996 to become premier of Newfoundland; Gerry Byrne was elected in a by-election to replace him.

** Bill Rompkey was appointed to the Senate in September 1995; Lawrence O'Brien was elected to replace him in a 1996 by-election.

Prince Edward Island

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Cardigan	Lawrence MacAulay	Liberal
	Egmont	Joe McGuire	Liberal
	Hillsborough	George Proud	Liberal
	Malpeque	Wayne Easter	Liberal

Nova Scotia

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Annapolis Valley—Hants	John Murphy	Liberal
	Cape Breton Highlands—Canso	Francis LeBlanc	Liberal
	Cape Breton—East Richmond	David Dingwall	Liberal
	Cape Breton—The Sydneys	Russell MacLellan	Liberal
	Central Nova	Roseanne Skoke	Liberal
	Cumberland—Colchester	Dianne Brushett	Liberal
	Dartmouth	Ron MacDonald	Liberal
	Halifax	Mary Clancy	Liberal
	Halifax West	Geoff Regan	Liberal
	South Shore	Derek Wells	Liberal
	South West Nova	Harry Verran	Liberal

New Brunswick

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Acadie—Bathurst	Doug Young	Liberal
	Beauséjour	Fernand Robichaud	Liberal
	Carleton—Charlotte	Harold Culbert	Liberal
	Fredericton—York—Sunbury	Andy Scott	Liberal
	Fundy—Royal	Paul Zed	Liberal
	Madawaska—Victoria	Pierrette Ringuette-Maltais	Liberal
	Miramichi	Charles Hubbard	Liberal
	Moncton	George Rideout	Liberal
	Restigouche—Chaleur	Guy Arseneault	Liberal
	Saint John	Elsie Wayne	Progressive Conservative

Quebec

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Abitibi	Bernard Deshaies	Bloc Québécois
	Ahuntsic	Michel Daviault	Bloc Québécois
	Anjou—Rivière-des-Prairies	Roger Pomerleau	Bloc Québécois
	Argenteuil—Papineau	Maurice Dumas	Bloc Québécois
	Beauce	Gilles Bernier	Independent
	Beauharnois—Salaberry	Laurent Lavigne	Bloc Québécois
	Beauport—Montmorency—Orléans	Michel Guimond	Bloc Québécois
	Bellechasse	François Langlois	Bloc Québécois
	Berthier—Montcalm	Michel Bellehumeur	Bloc Québécois
	Blainville—Deux-Montagnes	Paul Mercier	Bloc Québécois
	Bonaventure—Îles-de-la-Madeleine	Patrick Gagnon	Liberal
	Bourassa	Osvaldo Nunez	Bloc Québécois
	Brome—Missisquoi	Gaston Péloquin	Bloc Québécois
	Denis Paradis*	Liberal
	Chambly	Ghislain Lebel	Bloc Québécois
	Champlain	Réjean Lefebvre	Bloc Québécois
	Charlesbourg	Jean-Marc Jacob	Bloc Québécois
	Charlevoix	Gérard Asselin	Bloc Québécois
	Chateauguay	Maurice Godin	Bloc Québécois
	Chicoutimi	Gilbert Fillion	Bloc Québécois
	Drummond	Pauline Picard	Bloc Québécois
	Frontenac	Jean-Guy Chrétien	Bloc Québécois
	Gaspé	Yvan Bernier	Bloc Québécois
	Gatineau—La Lièvre	Mark Assad	Liberal
	Hochelaga—Maisonneuve	Réal Ménard	Bloc Québécois
	Hull—Aylmer	Marcel Massé	Liberal
	Joliette	René Laurin	Bloc Québécois
	Jonquière	André Caron	Bloc Québécois
	Kamouraska—Rivière-du-Loup	Paul Crête	Bloc Québécois
	La Prairie	Richard Bélisle	Bloc Québécois
	Lac-Saint-Jean	Lucien Bouchard	Bloc Québécois
	Stéphan Tremblay**	Bloc Québécois
	Lachine—Lac-Saint-Louis	Clifford Lincoln	Liberal
	LaSalle—Émard	Paul Martin	Liberal
	Laurentides	Monique Guay	Bloc Québécois
	Laurier—Sainte-Marie	Gilles Duceppe	Bloc Québécois
	Laval Centre	Madeleine Dalphond-Guiral	Bloc Québécois
	Laval East	Maud Debien	Bloc Québécois
	Laval West	Michel Dupuy	Liberal
	Lévis	Antoine Dubé	Bloc Québécois
	Longueuil	Nic Leblanc	Bloc Québécois
	Lotbinière	Jean Landry	Bloc Québécois
	Louis-Hébert	Philippe Paré	Bloc Québécois
	Manicouagan	Bernard St-Laurent	Bloc Québécois
	Matapédia—Matane	René Canuel	Bloc Québécois
	Mégantic—Compton—Stanstead	Maurice Bernier	Bloc Québécois
	Mercier	Francine Lalonde	Bloc Québécois
	Mount Royal	Sheila Finestone	Liberal
	Notre-Dame-de-Grâce	Warren Allmand	Liberal
	Outremont	Martin Cauchon	Liberal
	Papineau—Saint-Michel	André Ouellet	Liberal
	Pierre Pettigrew***	Liberal
	Pierrefonds—Dollard	Bernard Patry	Liberal
	Pontiac—Gatineau—Labelle	Robert Bertrand	Liberal
	Portneuf	Pierre de Savoye	Bloc Québécois
	Quebec	Christiane Gagnon	Bloc Québécois
	Quebec East	Jean-Paul Marchand	Bloc Québécois
	Richelieu	Louis Plamondon	Bloc Québécois
	Richmond—Wolfe	Gaston Leroux	Bloc Québécois
	Rimouski—Témiscouata	Suzanne Tremblay	Bloc Québécois
	Roberval	Michel Gauthier	Bloc Québécois
	Rosemont	Benoît Tremblay	Bloc Québécois
	Saint-Denis	Eleni Bakopanos	Liberal
	Saint-Henri—Westmount	David Berger	Liberal
	Lucienne Robillard****	Liberal
	Saint-Hubert	Pierrette Venne	Bloc Québécois
	Saint-Hyacinthe—Bagot	Yvan Loubier	Bloc Québécois
	Saint-Jean	Claude Bachand	Bloc Québécois
	Saint-Laurent—Cartierville	Shirley Maheu	Liberal
	Stéphane Dion*****	Liberal
	Saint-Léonard	Alfonso Gagliano	Liberal
	Saint-Maurice	Jean Chrétien	Liberal
	Shefford	Jean Leroux	Bloc Québécois
	Sherbrooke	Jean Charest	Progressive Conservative
	Témiscamingue	Pierre Brien	Bloc Québécois
	Terrebonne	Benoit Sauvageau	Bloc Québécois
	Trois-Rivières	Yves Rocheleau	Bloc Québécois
	Vaudreuil	Nick Discepola	Liberal
	Vercheres	Stéphane Bergeron	Bloc Québécois
	Verdun—Saint-Paul	Raymond Lavigne	Liberal

* Gaston Péloquin died in a car accident in 1994, and was replaced by Denis Paradis in a by-election on February 13, 1995.

** Lucien Bouchard left parliament in 1995 to become premier of Quebec; Stéphan Tremblay is elected in a by-election to replace him.

*** André Ouellet was appointed head of Canada Post, and was replaced by Pierre Pettigrew in a March 25, 1996 by-election

**** David Berger was appointed Canadian Ambassador to Israel and high commissioner to Cyprus in 1994, and was replaced by Lucienne Robillard in a February 13, 1995 by-election.

***** Shirley Maheu was appointed to the Senate, and was replaced by Stéphane Dion also in a March 26, 1996 by-election.

Ontario

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Algoma—Manitoulin	Brent St. Denis	Liberal
	Beaches—Woodbine	Maria Minna	Liberal
	Bramalea—Gore—Malton	Gurbax Malhi	Liberal
	Brampton	Colleen Beaumier	Liberal
	Brant	Jane Stewart	Liberal
	Broadview—Greenwood	Dennis Mills	Liberal
	Independent Liberal
	Bruce—Grey	Ovid Jackson	Liberal
	Burlington	Paddy Torsney	Liberal
	Cambridge	Janko Peric	Liberal
	Carleton—Gloucester	Eugène Bellemare	Liberal
	Cochrane—Superior	Réginald Bélair	Liberal
	Davenport	Charles Caccia	Liberal
	Don Valley East	David Collenette	Liberal
	Don Valley North	Sarkis Assadourian	Liberal
	Don Valley West	John Godfrey	Liberal
	Durham	Alex Shepherd	Liberal
	Eglinton—Lawrence	Joe Volpe	Liberal
	Elgin—Norfolk	Gar Knutson	Liberal
	Erie	John Maloney	Liberal
	Essex-Kent	Jerry Pickard	Liberal
	Essex-Windsor	Susan Whelan	Liberal
	Etobicoke Centre	Allan Rock	Liberal
	Etobicoke North	Roy MacLaren	Liberal
	Roy Cullen**	Liberal
	Etobicoke—Lakeshore	Jean Augustine	Liberal
	Glengarry—Prescott—Russell	Don Boudria	Liberal
	Guelph—Wellington	Brenda Chamberlain	Liberal
	Haldimand—Norfolk	Bob Speller	Liberal
	Halton—Peel	Julian Reed	Liberal
	Hamilton East	Sheila Copps	Liberal
	Hamilton Mountain	Beth Phinney	Liberal
	Hamilton—Wentworth	John Bryden	Liberal
	Hamilton West	Stan Keyes	Liberal
	Hastings—Frontenac—Lennox and Addington	Larry McCormick	Liberal
	Huron—Bruce	Paul Steckle	Liberal
	Kenora—Rainy River	Robert Daniel Nault	Liberal
	Kent	Rex Crawford	Liberal
	Kingston and the Islands	Peter Milliken	Liberal
	Kitchener	John English	Liberal
	Lambton—Kent—Middlesex	Rose-Marie Ur	Liberal
	Lanark—Carleton	Ian Murray	Liberal
	Leeds—Grenville	Jim Jordan	Liberal
	Lincoln	Tony Valeri	Liberal
	London East	Joe Fontana	Liberal
	London—Middlesex	Pat O'Brien	Liberal
	London West	Sue Barnes	Liberal
	Markham—Whitchurch—Stouffville	Jag Bhaduria	Liberal
	Independent Liberal***
	Mississauga East	Albina Guarnieri	Liberal
	Mississauga South	Paul Szabo	Liberal
	Mississauga West	Carolyn Parrish	Liberal
	Nepean	Beryl Gaffney	Liberal
	Niagara Falls	Gary Pillitteri	Liberal
	Nickel Belt	Ray Bonin	Liberal
	Nipissing	Bob Wood	Liberal
	Northumberland	Christine Stewart	Liberal
	Oakville—Milton	Bonnie Brown	Liberal
	Ontario	Dan McTeague	Liberal
	Oshawa	Ivan Grose	Liberal
	Ottawa Centre	Mac Harb	Liberal
	Ottawa South	John Manley	Liberal
	Ottawa West	Marlene Catterall	Liberal
	Ottawa—Vanier	Jean-Robert Gauthier	Liberal
	Mauril Belanger****	Liberal
	Oxford	John Baird Finlay	Liberal
	Parkdale—High Park	Jesse Flis	Liberal
	Parry Sound—Muskoka	Andy Mitchell	Liberal
	Perth—Wellington—Waterloo	John Richardson	Liberal
	Peterborough	Peter Adams	Liberal
	Prince Edward—Hastings	Lyle Vanclief	Liberal
	Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke	Len Hopkins	Liberal
	Rosedale	Bill Graham	Liberal
	Sarnia—Lambton	Roger Gallaway	Liberal
	Sault Ste. Marie	Ron Irwin	Liberal
	Scarborough Centre	John Cannis	Liberal
	Scarborough East	Doug Peters	Liberal
	Scarborough West	Tom Wappel	Liberal
	Scarborough—Agincourt	Jim Karygiannis	Liberal
	Scarborough—Rouge River	Derek Lee	Liberal
	Simcoe Centre	Ed Harper	Reform
	Simcoe North	Paul DeVillers	Liberal
	St. Catharines	Walt Lastewka	Liberal
	St. Paul's	Barry Campbell	Liberal
	Stormont—Dundas	Bob Kilger	Liberal
	Sudbury	Diane Marleau	Liberal
	Thunder Bay—Atikokan	Stan Dromisky	Liberal
	Thunder Bay—Nipigon	Joe Comuzzi	Liberal
	Timiskaming—French River	Benoit Serré	Liberal
	Timmins—Chapleau	Peter Thalheimer	Liberal
	Trinity—Spadina	Tony Ianno	Liberal
	Victoria—Haliburton	John O'Reilly	Liberal
	Waterloo	Andrew Telegdi	Liberal
	Welland—St. Catharines—Thorold	Gilbert Parent	Liberal
	Wellington—Grey—Dufferin—Simcoe	Murray Calder	Liberal
	Willowdale	Jim Peterson	Liberal
	Windsor West	Herb Gray	Liberal
	Windsor—St. Clair	Shaughnessy Cohen	Liberal
	York Centre	Art Eggleton	Liberal
	York North	Maurizio Bevilacqua	Liberal
	York South—Weston	John Nunziata	Liberal
	Independent Liberal*****
	York—Simcoe	Karen Kraft Sloan	Liberal
	York West	Sergio Marchi	Liberal

* Dennis Mills quit the Liberal caucus to sit as an Independent Liberal in May 1996, but returned to the party in August of the same year.

** Roy MacLaren was appointed High Commissioner of Canada to the United Kingdom, and his seat was filled by Roy Cullen in a 1996 by-election.

*** Jag Bhaduria was expelled from the Liberal Party for falsifying his credentials.

**** Jean-Robert Gauthier was appointed to the Senate in 1994, and replaced by Mauril Belanger in a 1995 by-election.

***** John Nunziata was expelled from the Liberal Party for voting against the 1996 budget on April 16 of that year, and sat for the rest of the session as an Independent.

Manitoba

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Brandon—Souris	Glen McKinnon	Liberal
	Churchill	Elijah Harper	Liberal
	Dauphin—Swan River	Marlene Cowling	Liberal
	Lisgar—Marquette	Jake Hoeppner	Reform
	Portage—Interlake	Jon Gerrard	Liberal
	Provencher	David Iftody	Liberal
	Selkirk—Red River	Ron Fewchuk	Liberal
	Saint Boniface	Ronald Duhamel	Liberal
	Winnipeg North Centre	David Walker	Liberal
	Winnipeg North	Rey Pagtakhan	Liberal
	Winnipeg South	Reg Alcock	Liberal
	Winnipeg St. James	John Harvard	Liberal
	Winnipeg South Centre	Lloyd Axworthy	Liberal
	Winnipeg—Transcona	Bill Blaikie	New Democrat

Saskatchewan

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Kindersley—Lloydminster	Elwin Hermanson	Reform
	Mackenzie	Vic Althouse	New Democrat
	Moose Jaw—Lake Centre	Allan Kerpan	Reform
	Prince Albert—Churchill River	Gordon Kirkby	Liberal
	Regina—Lumsden	John Solomon	New Democrat
	Regina—Qu'Appelle	Simon de Jong	New Democrat
	Regina—Wascana	Ralph Goodale	Liberal
	Saskatoon—Clark's Crossing	Chris Axworthy	New Democrat
	Saskatoon—Dundurn	Morris Bodnar	Liberal
	Saskatoon—Humboldt	Georgette Sheridan	Liberal
	Souris—Moose Mountain	Bernie Collins	Liberal
	Swift Current—Maple Creek—Assiniboia	Lee Morrison	Reform
	The Battlefords—Meadow Lake	Len Taylor	New Democrat
	Yorkton—Melville	Garry Breitkreuz	Reform

Alberta

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Athabasca	David Chatters	Reform
	Beaver River	Deborah Grey	Reform
	Calgary Centre	Jim Silye	Reform
	Calgary North	Diane Ablonczy	Reform
	Calgary Northeast	Art Hanger	Reform
	Calgary Southeast	Jan Brown	Reform
	Independent*
	Calgary Southwest	Preston Manning	Reform
	Calgary West	Stephen Harper	Reform
	Crowfoot	Jack Ramsay	Reform
	Edmonton East	Judy Bethel	Liberal
	Edmonton North	John Loney	Liberal
	Edmonton Northwest	Anne McLellan	Liberal
	Edmonton Southeast	David Kilgour	Liberal
	Edmonton Southwest	Ian McClelland	Reform
	Edmonton—Strathcona	Hugh Hanrahan	Reform
	Elk Island	Ken Epp	Reform
	Lethbridge	Ray Speaker	Reform
	Macleod	Grant Hill	Reform
	Medicine Hat	Monte Solberg	Reform
	Peace River	Charlie Penson	Reform
	Red Deer	Bob Mills	Reform
	St. Albert	John G. Williams	Reform
	Vegreville	Leon Benoit	Reform
	Wetaskiwin	Dale Johnston	Reform
	Wild Rose	Myron Thompson	Reform
	Yellowhead	Cliff Breitkreuz	Reform

* Jan Brown was suspended from the Reform Party, and then quit the party to sit as an Independent Reform member.

British Columbia

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Burnaby—Kingsway	Svend Robinson	New Democrat
	Capilano—Howe Sound	Herb Grubel	Reform
	Cariboo—Chilcotin	Philip Mayfield	Reform
	Comox—Alberni	Bill Gilmour	Reform
	Delta	John Cummins	Reform
	Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca	Keith Martin	Reform
	Fraser Valley East	Chuck Strahl	Reform
	Fraser Valley West	Randy White	Reform
	Kamloops	Nelson Riis	New Democrat
	Kootenay East	Jim Abbott	Reform
	Kootenay West—Revelstoke	Jim Gouk	Reform
	Mission—Coquitlam	Daphne Jennings	Reform
	Nanaimo—Cowichan	Bob Ringma	Reform
	New Westminster—Burnaby	Paul Forseth	Reform
	North Island—Powell River	John Duncan	Reform
	North Vancouver	Ted White	Reform
	Okanagan Centre	Werner Schmidt	Reform
	Okanagan—Shuswap	Darrel Stinson	Reform
	Okanagan—Similkameen—Merritt	Jim Hart	Reform
	Port Moody—Coquitlam	Sharon Hayes	Reform
	Prince George—Bulkley Valley	Richard Harris	Reform
	Prince George—Peace River	Jay Hill	Reform
	Richmond	Raymond Chan	Liberal
	Saanich—Gulf Islands	Jack Frazer	Reform
	Skeena	Mike Scott	Reform
	Surrey North	Margaret Bridgman	Reform
	Surrey—White Rock—South Langley	Val Meredith	Reform
	Vancouver Centre	Hedy Fry	Liberal
	Vancouver East	Anna Terrana	Liberal
	Vancouver Quadra	Ted McWhinney	Liberal
	Vancouver South	Herb Dhaliwal	Liberal
	Victoria	David Anderson	Liberal

Territories

Riding		Member	Political Party
	Western Arctic	Ethel Blondin-Andrew	Liberal
	Nunatsiaq	Jack Anawak	Liberal
	Yukon	Audrey McLaughlin	New Democrat

By-elections

By-election	Date	Incumbent	Party		Winner	Party		Cause	Retained
Hamilton East	June 17, 1996	Sheila Copps		Liberal	Sheila Copps		Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Humber—St. Barbe—Baie Verte	March 25, 1996	Brian Tobin		Liberal	Gerry Byrne		Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Labrador	March 25, 1996	Bill Rompkey		Liberal	Lawrence O'Brien		Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Etobicoke North	March 25, 1996	Roy MacLaren		Liberal	Roy Cullen		Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Lac-Saint-Jean	March 25, 1996	Lucien Bouchard		Bloc Québécois	Stéphan Tremblay		Bloc Québécois	Resignation	Yes
Papineau—Saint-Michel	March 25, 1996	André Ouellet		Liberal	Pierre Pettigrew		Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Saint-Laurent—Cartierville	March 25, 1996	Shirley Maheu		Liberal	Stéphane Dion		Liberal	Called to the Senate	Yes
Ottawa—Vanier	February 13, 1995	Jean-Robert Gauthier		Liberal	Mauril Bélanger		Liberal	Resignation	Yes
Brome—Missisquoi	February 13, 1995	Gaston Péloquin		Bloc Québécois	Denis Paradis		Liberal	Death (car accident)	No
Saint-Henri—Westmount	February 13, 1995	David Berger		Liberal	Lucienne Robillard		Liberal	Resignation	Yes

References

1. http://www.parl.gc.ca/parlinfo/Files/Parliament.aspx?Item=421af128-812f-4cfb-a018-6ff76ce7a98e&Language=E&MenuID=Lists.Parliament.aspx&MenuQuery=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parl.gc.ca%2Fparlinfo%2FLists%2FParliament.aspx&Section=PartyStandingsSEN
2. Members of the Canadian Senate are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister and remain as Senators until the age of 75, even if the House of Commons has been dissolved or an election has been called.

• Government of Canada. "26th Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
• Government of Canada. "35th Parliament". Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Retrieved 2006-11-30.
• Government of Canada. "Duration of Sessions". Library of Parliament. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. "General Elections". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-05-04. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. "Key Dates for each Parliament". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2005-09-14. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. "Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. "Party Standings (1974 to date): At the Senate". Library of Parliament. Retrieved 2007-04-24.
• Government of Canada. "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
• Government of Canada. "Speakers". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-09-17. Retrieved 2006-05-12.

Succession