61st NHK Cup (shogi)

The 61st NHK Cup, or as it is officially known the 61st NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournament (第61回NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント dairokujūikkai enueichikeihai terebi shōgi tōnamento) was a professional shogi tournament organized by the Japan Shogi Association (日本将棋連盟 nihon shōgi renmei), or JSA, and sponsored by Japan's public broadcaster NHK (日本放送協会nippon hōsō kyōkai). Play began on April 3, 2011 and ended on March 18, 2012. The 50-player single elimination tournament was won by Yoshiharu Habu. All of the tournament games were shown each Sunday morning on NHK-E. The host (司会者 shikaisha) during the NHK-E broadcasts was women's professional (女流棋士 joryūkishi) Rieko Yauchi.[1]

Participants

Preliminary tournaments

A total of 139 shogi professionals (棋士 kishi)[lower-alpha 1] competed in 18 preliminary tournaments to qualify for the main tournament. These tournaments were one-day tournaments held at both the Tokyo Shogi Kaikan and the Kansai Shogi Kaikan and were not televised. Each tournament consisted of seven or eight players. The initial time control for each player was 20 minutes followed by a 30-second byōyomi.[2] A "piece toss" (振り駒 furigoma) was performed prior to each game to determine "the player who moves first" (先手 sente).[3]

The women's professional[lower-alpha 2] seed is normally determined by a playoff or qualifying tournament among the reigning women's major titleholders.[lower-alpha 3] The women's professional seed was determined by a single-game playoff between Kana Satomi 3 crown[lower-alpha 4] (Women's Meijin, Women's ōshō, and Kurashiki Tōka) and Tomomi Kai 2 crown (Mynavi Open and Women's ōi), which was won by Kai.[lower-alpha 5]

Brackets from two of the preliminary tournaments are shown below.

7-player preliminary tournament won by Tatsuya Sugai 4d
8-player preliminary tournament won by Takuya Nagase 4d

Main tournament

The first time control for main tournament games was ten minutes per player. Once this was used up, a second time control of 10 one-minute periods of "thinking time" (考慮時間 kōryō jikan) began. Each player was given 30 seconds to make their move. If they did so, then no thinking time periods were used. If, however, they did not, a thinking time period began and they then had up to one minute (more specifically 59 seconds) to make a move before entering the next thinking time period. This process was repeated until a player had used all ten thinking time periods. Then, the final byōyomi time control of 30 seconds per move then began.[8] Sente was determined prior to each game by piece toss.

The 50 players listed below qualified for the main tournament.

No. Player Rank/Title
A1 Tadahisa Maruyama 9d
A2 Tomomi KaiW3d[lower-alpha 6]
A3 Akira Shima9d
A4 Takahiro Toyokawa7d
A5 Hiroshi Kobayashi7d
A6 Kazuki Kimura8d
A7 Kōji Tanigawa9d
A8Mamoru Hatakeyama7d
A9 Keiji Mori9d
A10 Hiroki Nakata8d
A11 Shūji Muranaka 6d
A12 Hiroyuki Miura8d
A13 Masataka Gōda9d
A14 Kōta Kanai5d
A15 Osamu Nakamura9d
A16 Yasumitsu Satō9d
A17 Takuya Nagase4d
A18 Akihito Hiroseōi
A19 Chikara Akutsu7d
A20 Yoshiyuki Kubota6d
A21 Kōhei Funae4d
A22 Yasuaki Murayama5d
A23 Daisuke Katagami6d
A24 Makoto Tobe6d
A25 Yoshiharu HabuNHK Cup
No. Player Rank/Title
B1 Akira Watanabe Ryūō
B2 Amahiko Satō6d
B3 Masayuki Toyoshima6d
B4 Kōzō Arimori7d
B5Kenjirō Abe5d
B6 Michio Takahashi9d
B7 Takeshi Fujii9d
B8 Akio Ishikawa7d
B9 Kōichi Fukaura9d
B10 Hisashi Namekata 9d
B11 Tatsuya Sugai4d
B12 Keita Inoue9d
B13 Toshiaki Kubo2 crown [lower-alpha 7]
B14 Yūsuke Tōyama5d
B15 Daisuke Suzuki8d
B16 Takayuki Yamasaki7d
B17 Mitsunori Makino4d
B18 Toshiyuki Moriuchi9d
B19 Masataka Sugimoto7d
B20 Yūsuke Ina6d
B21 Taichi Nakamura5d
B22 Ayumu Matsuo7d
B23 Nobuyuki Yashiki9d
B24 Tadao Kitajima6d
B25 Tetsurō Itodani5d

Notes:

  1. 60th NHK Cup (four players): Habu (champion), Itodani (runner-up), Maruyama (semifinalist) and Watanabe (semifinalist).
  2. Seven major titleholders (two players): Hirose (ōi) and Kubo (ōshō and Kiō)[lower-alpha 9]
  3. Class A (seven players): Miura, Takahashi, Moriuchi, Kimura, Tanigawa, Gōda, Fujii
  4. Class B1 (thirteen players): Inoue, Y. Satō, Fukaura, Namekata, Matsuo, Yamasaki, Yashiki, Suzuki, Toyokawa, Sugimoto, Hatakeyama, Nakamura, and Nakata
  5. Other tournament winners (one player): Abe (Shinjin-Ō)
  6. Women's professional (one player): Kai 2 crown (Mynavi Open and Women's ōi)
  7. Others with outstanding records (four players): Kubota (Class B2), Tobe (Class B2), Murayama (Class C1), and Toyoshima (Class C1)[lower-alpha 10]
Among these 32 seeds, the following 14 were given byes in round 1 and began play in round 2: Habu, Itodani, Maruyama, Watanabe, Takahashi, Fujii, Inoue, Kubo, Moriuchi, Hirose, Gōda, Miura, Tanigawa, and Kimura.

The bracket at the start of the tournament in shown below.

61st NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournament bracket (start)

Results

Winners are listed in bold. "Date" refers to the date the game was broadcast. Dan and titles are as of the date the game was broadcast. "Guest Analyst" refers to the kishi who provided commentary during the broadcast.[1] "No. of moves" refers to the total number of moves played in the game.[lower-alpha 11]

Round 1

A total of 18 games were played in round 1. Play began on April 3, 2011 and ended on July 31, 2011. The 18 preliminary tournament winners were paired against 18 seeded players.

No. Block Sente Gote[lower-alpha 12] No. of moves Date Guest Analyst
1BTaichi Nakamura 5dAyumu Matsu 7d 108 April 3, 2011 Manabu Senzaki 8d
2 B Yūsuke Tōyama 5d Daisuke Suzuki 8d85 April 10, 2011 Nobuyuki Yashiki 9d
3 A Osamu Nakamura 9d Kōta Kanai 5d 126 April 17, 2011 Takanori Hashimoto 7d
4 B Masataka Sugimoto 7d Yūsuke Ina 6d 157 April 24, 2011 Kenji Kobayashi 9d
5 A Kōhei Funae 4d Yasuaki Murayama 5d 80 May 1, 2011 Keita Inoue 9d
6 B Amahiko Satō 6d Masayuki Toyoshima 6d 102 May 8, 2011 Eiji Iijima 7d
7 A Hiroki Nakata 8d Shūji Muranaka 6d 110 May 15, 2011 Akira Shima 9d
8 A Chikara Akutsu 7d Yoshiyuki Kubota 6d97 May 22, 2011 Ayumu Matsuo 7d
9 B Tadao Kitajima 6d Nobuyuki Yashiki 9d115 May 29, 2011 Daisuke Nakagawa 8d
10A Takuya Nagase 5d Yasumitsu Satō 9d 131 June 5, 2011 Daisuke Suzuki 8d
11B Kenjirō Abe 5d Kōzō Arimori 7d 75 June 12, 2011 Takeshi Fujii 9d
12A Mamoru Hatakeyama 7d Keiji Mori 9d 153 June 19, 2011 Yoshikazu Minami 9d
13B Kōichi Fukaura 9d Akio Ishikawa 6d 130June 26, 2011 Osamu Nakamura 9d
14B Hisashi Namekata 8d Tatsuya Sugai 4d 120 July 3, 2011 Toshiaki Kubo 2 crown
15ATakahiro Toyokawa 7dHiroshi Kobayashi 7d96 July 10, 2011 Takashi Abe 8d
16A Daisuke Katagami 6d Makoto Tobe 6d 142 July 17, 2011 Akihito Hirose ōi
17BMitsunori Makino 4d Takayuki Yamasaki 7d 114 July 24, 2011 Mamoru Hatakeyama 7d
18AAkira Shima 9d Tomomi Kai W3d 75July 31, 2011 Chikara Akutsu 7d

Round 2

A total of 16 games were played in round 2. Play began on August 7, 2011 and ended on November 27, 2011. The 18 winners from round 1 were joined by the 14 players who had received round 1 byes.

No. Block Sente Gote No. of moves Date Guest Analyst
1BMasayuki Toyoshima 6d Akira Watanabe Ryūō150 August 7, 2011 Yasumitsu Satō 9d
2 AShūji Muranaka 6d Hiroyuki Miura 8d102 August 14, 2011 Kazuki Kimura 8d
3 B Tetsurō Itodani 5d Tadao Kitajima 6d126 August 21, 2011 Daisuke Katagami 6d
4 BAyumu Matsuo 7d Masataka Sugimoto 7d 137 August 28, 2011 Masayuki Toyoshima 6d
5 A Mamoru Hatakeyama 7d Kōji Tanigawa 9d 115 September 4, 2011 Kunio Naitō 9d
6 B Tatsuya Sugai 5d Keita Inoue 9d 111 September 11, 2011 Akira Watanabe Ryūō
7 A Masataka Gōda 9d Kōta Kanai 5d 109 September 18, 2011 Taku Morishita 9d
8 BKōichi Fukaura 9d Takeshi Fujii 9d109 October 2, 2011 Toshiyuki Moriuchi Meijin [lower-alpha 13]
9 BTakayuki Yamasaki 7d Toshiyuki Moriuchi Meijin 100 October 9, 2011 Kōji Tanigawa
10A Hiroshi Kobayashi 7d Kazuki Kimura 8d126 October 16, 2011 Takanori Hashimoto 7d
11B Toshiaki Kubo 2 crown Yūsuke Tōyama 5d 69 October 23, 2011 Makoto Tobe 6d
12A Tadahisa Maruyama 9d Akira Shima115 October 30, 2011 Masataka Gōda 9d
13ATakuya Nagase 4d Akihito Hirose 7d[lower-alpha 14] 136November 6, 2011 Yūsuke Tōyama 5d
14A Chikara Akutsu 7d Yasuaki Murayama 5d 103 November 13, 2011 Hirotaka Nozuki 7d
15AYoshiharu Habu NHK CupMakoto Tobe 6d 107 November 20, 2011 Manabu Senzaki 8d
16BMichio Takahashi 9d Kenjirō Abe 5d86 November 27, 2011 Nobuyuki Yashiki 9d

Round 3

Play began on December 4, 2011 and ended on January 29, 2012. Sugai, Kitajima and Akutsu were the only preliminary tournament winners make it as far as round 3. Kubo vs. Moriuchi (round 3, game 4) was the first pairing of major titleholders in the tournament.

No. Block Sente Gote No. of moves Date Guest Analyst
1BAyumu Matsuo 7d Tadao Kitajima 6d97 December 4, 2011 Takahiro Toyokawa 7d
2 A Masataka Gōda 9d Akihito Hirose 7d103 December 11, 2011 Daisuke Suzuki 8d
3 ATadahisa Maruyama 9d Kazuki Kimura 8d 104 December 18, 2011 Ayumu Matsuo 7d
4 BToshiaki Kubo 2 crown Toshiyuki Moriuchi Meijin109 December 25, 2011 Kunio Yonenaga Lifetime Kisei
5 B Akira Watanabe Ryūō Kenjirō Abe 5d63 January 8, 2012 Kazuki Kimura 8d
6 A Mamoru Hatakeyama 7d Hiroyuki Miura 8d 67 January 15, 2012 Takayuki Yamasaki 7d
7 A Yoshiharu Habu NHK Cup Chikara Akutsu 7d 137 January 22, 2012 Taku Morishita 9d
8 B Kōichi Fukaura 9d Tatsuya Sugai 5d148 January 29, 2012 Keita Inoue 9d

Quarterfinals

The eight remaining players were paired off against each other with play beginning on February 5 and ending on February 26, 2012. The last remaining preliminary tournament winner (Sugai) was joined by three major titleholders (Habu, Watanabe, and Kubo), two Class A players (Kimura and Gōda) and two Class B1 players (Hatakeyama and Matsuo). Sugai's feat was even more impressive because he had only become a professional in April 2010, and this was his first time participating in the NHK Cup tournament.

No. Block Sente Gote No. of moves Date Guest Analyst
1BToshiaki Kubo 2 crown Ayumu Matsuo 7d101 February 5, 2012 Akihito Hirose 7d
2 A Yoshiharu Habu NHK CupMasataka Gōda 9d99 February 12, 2012 Kōichi Fukaura 9d
3 A Kazuki Kimura 8d Mamoru Hatakeyama 7d 114 February 19, 2012 Michio Takahashi 9d
4 B Akira Watanabe Ryūō Tatsuya Sugai 5d 93 February 26, 2012 Makoto Tobe 6d

Semifinals

The two remaining players from each block with paired against each other to determine the respective block winners. The 1st semifinal game between Akira Watanabe Ryūō (sente) and Toshiaki Kubo 2 crown (gote) was broadcast on March 4, 2012. Watanabe won the game in 127 moves. The guest analyst was Kōji Tanigawa 9d. The 2nd semifinal game was between Mamoru Hatakeyama 7d (sente) and Yoshiharu Habu NHK Cup (gote). The game was broadcast on March 11, 2012 and won by Habu in 108 moves. The guest analyst was Osamu Nakamura 9d.

Finals

After 112 preliminary tournament games and 48 main tournament games involving 172 players, Yoshiharu Habu NHK Cup and Akira Watanabe Ryūō met in the final which was broadcast on March 18, 2012. Habu had won the tournament the previous three years (58th NHK Cup – 60th NHK Cup) and was riding a 19 NHK Cup game winning streak; Watanabe, on the other hand, was looking for his first NHK Cup championship to add to the major titles he had already won. A victory over Watanabe would also be Habu's tenth NHK Cup title overall, thus making him the first player to qualify for the title of "Lifetime NHK Cup Champion". The piece toss before the game resulted in Habu being sente and he won the game in 147 moves, thus becoming the 61st NHK Cup Champion、the first player to win the tournament 4 times in a row [lower-alpha 15] and the first "Lifetime NHK Cup Champion".[13] The guest analyst for the final match were Toshiyuki Moriuchi Meijin and the hosts were NHK announcer Taiga Sekiguchi and women's professional Rieko Yauchi. A radio broadcast of the final aired on March 20, 2012. The host was NHK announcer Nobuo Murakami and the guest analysts were Kunio Yonenaga Lifetime Kisei, Kōji Tanigawa 9d and Takanori Hashimoto 8d.[14]

61st NHK Cup Final (147. Gx9c)
Gote: Akira Watanabe Ryūō
Pieces-in-hand: 銀桂歩(6)
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
Sente: Yoshiharu Habu NHK Cup
Pieces-in-hand: 飛金歩(3)

The game score and a diagram showing the final position is given below.[15]
Sente: Yoshiharu Habu NHK Cup
Gote: Akira Watanabe Ryūō
Opening: Aiyagura
1.P-7f, 2. P-8d, 3. S-6h, 4. P-3d, 5. P-6f, 6. S-6b, 7. P-5f, 8. P-5d, 9. S-4h, 10. P-4b, 11. G-5h, 12. G-3b, 13. G-7h, 14. K-4a, 15. K-6i, 16. G-5b, 17. S-7g, 18. S-3c, 19. B-7i, 20. B-3a, 21. P-3f, 22. P-4d, 23 G5h-6g, 24. P-7c, 25. S-3g, 26. B-6d, 27. B-6h, 28. G5b-4c, 29. K-7i, 30. K-3a, 31. K-8h, 32. K-2b, 33. S-4f, 34. S-5c, 35. N-3g, 36. P-9d, 37. P-1f, 38. P-1d, 39. P-2f, 40. B-7c, 41. R-3h, 42. S-2d, 43. L-1h, 44. P-9e, 45. P-6e, 46. P-8e, 47. N-2e, 48. S-4b, 49. P-3e, 50. Sx3e, 51. Sx3e, 52. Px3e, 53. P-1e, 54. S*3g, 55. R-3i, 56. Px1e, 57. P-6d, 58. Bx6d, 59. Lx1e, 60. Lx1e, 61. S*6e, 62. Sx2f+, 63. Sx6d, 64. Px6d, 65. Rx3e, 66. S*2d, 67. N-1c+, 68. Nx1c, 69. P*1d, 70. Sx3e, 71. Bx3e, 72. P*1b, 73. Px1c+, 74. Px1c, 75. B*7a, 76. +S-2e, 77. B3ex4d, 78. Gx4d, 79. Bx4d+, 80. S-3c, 81. +B-7a, 82. R-4b, 83. P*3d, 84. Sx3d, 85. N*4f, 86. R*3i, 87. S*4h, 88. R-3f+, 89. +Bx8a, 90. P*4e, 91. Nx3d, 92. +Rx3d, 93. +Bx9a, 94. P-8f, 95. +Bx6d, 96. Px8g+, 97. Kx8g, 98. P*8e, 99. K-8h, 100. N*8f, 101. G7h-6h, 102. P-9f, 103. P*3e, 104. +Sx3e, 105. P*3f, 106. +Sx3f, 107. L*3i, 108. N*9e, 109. N*2f 110. +R-3e 111. Sx8f, 112. R-6b, 113. Sx9e, 114. Rx6d, 115. Lx3f, 116. +Rx3f, 117. S*4d, 118. P-1d, 119. N*3d, 120. K-1b, 121. S*3c, 122. L*8f, 123. Sx8f, 124. Px8f, 125. N*2d, 126. Px2d, 127. Sx3b, 128. P-8g+, 129. Kx8g, 130. L*8a, 131. P*8d, 132. Lx8d, 133. P*8e, 134. Rx6g+, 135. Gx6g, 136. Lx8e+, 137. Kx9f, 138. G*8f, 139. K-9e, 140. B*7c, 141. G*8d, 142. P*9d, 143. Kx9d, 144. B*7b, 145. L*8c, 146. P*9c, 147. Gx9c gote resigns (diagram)

The final tournament bracket is shown below.

61st NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournament bracket (final)

Other

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The word kishi refers to shogi players officially awarded professional status by the JSA. Only amateurs strong enough to join and graduate from the JSA's "apprentice professional training school" (奨励会 shōreikai) are awarded kishi status and the rank of professional 4 dan.
  2. ↑ Women's professionals are recognized by the JSA, but they are only granted kishi status upon completion of the shōrekai. To date, there have been women (including some currently active women's professionals) who have successfully qualified for the shōreikai, but so far not one has successfully graduated. Only three women have made it as far as 1 dan in the shōreikai[4] and of those three only two have made it as far as 3 dan.[5][6]
  3. ↑ At the time there were only five women's major titles: the Women's Meijin, the Women's ōshō, the Women's ōi, the Kurashiki Tōka, and the Mynavi Women's Open. The Women's ōza was not established until October 2011.
  4. ↑ The Japanese character 冠 means "crown" and is commonly used as an honorific suffix attached to the names of multiple major titleholders. Therefore, "3 crown" (三冠 sankan) means that the player currently holds three major titles. Players holding only one major title are commonly referred to by their title. Non major titleholders are referred to by their rank (dan).
  5. ↑ Kai actually lost her Mynavi Open title to Hatsumi Ueda in May 2011.[7]
  6. ↑ "W3d" stands for "Women's professional 3 dan". Women's professionals are ranked differently than regular professionals (kishi) by the JSA. The strongest women's professionals are considered to be roughly equivalent to 1 dan or 2 dan apprentice professionals in playing strength.[9]
  7. ↑ Kubo held both the Kiō and ōshō when the tournament bracket was finalized.
  8. ↑ Players overlapping multiple categories are only listed once.
  9. ↑ The other major titleholders at the end of the previous year were Habu (Meijin, ōza, and Kisei), and Watanabe (Ryūō)
  10. ↑ Based upon JSA 2010 calendar year rankings in the following three categories: games played, games won, and winning percentage.[10]
  11. ↑ Unlike in chess where moves are numbered in pairs, moves in shogi numbered individually so a game that lasts 51 moves means that sente made 26 moves and gote made 25 moves.
  12. ↑ Gote (後手) refers to "the player who moves second".
  13. ↑ Moriuchi defeated the reigning Meijin Habu four games to three to become the 69th Meijin in June 2011.[11]
  14. ↑ Hirose lost his ōi title to Habu four games to three in September 2011.[12]
  15. ↑ No other player has won the tournament more than twice in a row and only two other players besides Habu (Yasumitsu Satō and Yasuharu Oyama) have defended their title and repeated as champion
  16. ↑ Nagase was born in September 1992, and Sugai was born in April 1992
  17. ↑ A young amateur player aspiring to become a professional typically asks a more experienced professional to formally become their sponsor (i.e., teacher/mentor) and help them through the process. In some cases, the "student" may even decide to go live with their "teacher" and family.

References

  1. 1 2 "第61回NHKテレビ将棋トーナメント" [61st NHK TV Shogi Tournament] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  2. ↑ "第61回NHK杯戦予選" [61st NHK Cup preliminaries] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  3. ↑ "Lesson 4: The Players". 81-square Universe. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
  4. ↑ 加藤桃子奨励会1級、初段に昇段！ [Momoko Katō Apprentice Professional 1 Kyū Promoted to 1 Dan] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. 12 May 2014. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  5. ↑ 里見女流三冠、奨励会三段に　女性初の棋士へ最終関門 [Satomi Women's 3 Crown, Promoted to Apprentice Professional 3 Dan, Last Barrier Before Becoming First Woman "Regular" Shogi Professional]. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). 23 December 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2014.
  6. ↑ Fukamatsu, Shinji (5 December 2015). "Jōsei Hatsu no Kishi Tanjō e Zenshin Nishiyama Tomoka, Futarime no San Dan ni" 女性初の棋士誕生へ前進 西山朋佳, 2人目の三段に [Another step towards first female kishi, Tomoka Nishiyama becomes second woman promoted to 3 dan]. Asahi Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  7. ↑ 第4期マイナビ女子オープン [4th Mynavi Women's Open Tournament] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
  8. ↑ 対局のルール [Game rules] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  9. ↑ Hosking, Tony (1997). The Art of Shogi. Stratford-upon-Avon, England: The Shogi Foundation. p. 6. ISBN 978-0953108909.
  10. ↑ 過去の記録一覧 [List of Past Results] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  11. ↑ 第69期 将棋名人戦七番勝負全記録―森内、名人位奪還 [Complete Record of the 69th Shogi Meijin Seven Game Match—Moriuchi Wins Back the Meijin Title]. amazon.co.jp (in Japanese). Tokyo, Japan: 朝日新聞社. August 2011. ISBN 978-4021001987. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  12. ↑ 第５２期王位戦—羽生が逆転で奪還 [52nd ōi Title Match—Habu Comes From Behind To Reclaim Title]. Doshin Web 北海道新聞 (in Japanese). Sapporo, Japan: The Hokkaido Shimbun Press. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
  13. ↑ "羽生善治二冠、名誉NHK杯に！" [Habu 2 Crown, Lifetime NHK Cup Champion!] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. 19 March 2012. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  14. ↑ "ラジオNHK杯将棋トーナメント第61回決勝戦" [Radio NHK Cup Shogi Tournament 61st Final] (in Japanese). NHK. 20 March 2012. Archived from the original on September 14, 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  15. ↑ "NHK杯テレビ将棋トーナメント棋譜, 2012年3月18日第61回NHK杯決勝" [NHK Cup TV Shogi Tournament game score, 61st NHK Cup Final (March 18, 2012)] (in Japanese). NHK. Retrieved 14 May 2014.
  16. ↑ 5.反則について [Rules violations] (in Japanese). 日本将棋連盟. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
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