Abbeville, South Carolina

For other communities of the same name, see Abbeville (disambiguation).
Abbeville, South Carolina
City

Motto: "Pretty. Near. Perfect."
Abbeville

Location within the state of South Carolina

Coordinates: 34°10′42.7584″N 82°22′39.6732″W / 34.178544000°N 82.377687000°W / 34.178544000; -82.377687000Coordinates: 34°10′42.7584″N 82°22′39.6732″W / 34.178544000°N 82.377687000°W / 34.178544000; -82.377687000
Country United States
State South Carolina
County Abbeville
Government
 • Mayor Sarah Sherwood
Area
 • Total 6.13 sq mi (15.87 km2)
 • Land 6.12 sq mi (15.84 km2)
 • Water 0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2)
Elevation 591 ft (180 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 5,237
 • Density 856/sq mi (330.6/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code 29620
Area code(s) 864
FIPS code 45-00100[1]
GNIS feature ID 1244839[2]
Website www.abbevillecitysc.com

Abbeville is a city in Abbeville County, South Carolina, United States, 86 miles (138 km) west of Columbia and 45 miles (72 km) south of Greenville.[3] Its population was 5,237 at the 2010 census.[1] It is the county seat of Abbeville County.[4][5] Settled by French Huguenot settlers, it was named, along with the county, for the French town of the same name.[3][6]

History

Abbeville was established by French Huguenots in 1764,[5] at a site named by John de la Howe.[5] It was incorporated in 1840.[3]

Ardernt defender of slavery and Vice President of the United States John C. Calhoun first practiced law in Abbeville, and he was born on a farm on the outskirts[5] in what is now Mt. Carmel.[7]

Abbeville and the American Civil War

Historic Burt-Stark House
The Rock at Secession Hill

Abbeville has the unique distinction of being both the birthplace and the deathbed of the Confederacy. On November 22, 1860, a meeting was held at Abbeville, at a site since dubbed "Secession Hill", to launch South Carolina's secession from the Union;[8][9] one month later, the state of South Carolina became the first state to secede.

At the end of the Civil War, with the Confederacy in shambles, Confederate President Jefferson Davis fled Richmond, Virginia, and headed south, stopping for a night in Abbeville at the home of his friend Armistead Burt. It was on May 2, 1865, in the front parlor of what is now known as the Burt-Stark Mansion that Jefferson Davis officially acknowledged the dissolution of the Confederate government, in the last official cabinet meeting.[8][9]

Lynching of Anthony Crawford

Following an altercation with a shopkeeper, farmer Anthony Crawford was attacked by a mob and lynched on October 21, 1916. Crawford owned over 400 acres and was without doubt one of the richest men in Abbeville County.[10][11] Subsequently, town dwellers voted to expel surviving members of the Crawford family and shut all black-owned businesses.[12] They also voted to close down all the black-owned businesses in Abbeville.[13] A memorial to Crawford was erected in 2005.[14]

2003 right-of-way standoff

On December 8, 2003, in a 14-hour standoff that stemmed from a land-survey dispute, two Abbeville lawmen were killed by West Abbeville resident Steven Bixby. This siege has been compared by both sympathizers of the Bixbys and law enforcement agents to the events of Waco and Ruby Ridge.[15] In February 2007, Steven Bixby was convicted on 17 counts including the two murders, as well as lesser charges of kidnapping and conspiracy. He was given two death sentences for the murders plus 125 years in prison on the other charges.

Modern history

In 2011, Abbeville High School won its sixth South Carolina high school football state championship. It was the second title in a row in the 1A division.[16]

In 2011, Abbeville High School (South Carolina) also won their 1st South Carolina high school softball championship. It was the first female team to win a state championship in Abbeville High School history.

The Abbeville County Courthouse, Abbeville Historic District, Abbeville Opera House, Armistead Burt House, Patrick Calhoun Family Cemetery, Cedar Springs Historic District, Harbison College President's Home, Trinity Episcopal Church and Cemetery and Upper Long Cane Cemetery are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[17][18]

Architectural mention

Abbeville is the location of the tallest building in South Carolina, the Prysmian Copper Wire Tower. Built in 2009, the tower is 373 feet (114 m) tall and has 30 floors.[19]

Notable people

Geography

Abbeville is located at 34°10′42.7584″N 82°22′39.6732″W / 34.178544000°N 82.377687000°W / 34.178544000; -82.377687000,[27] and is within the Piedmont Upland geographical region.[3][8]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.1 square miles (15.9 km2), of which 0.012 square miles (0.03 km2), or 0.19%, is water.[1]

Nearby is the Sumter National Forest.[5]

Climate

Abbeville has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa). Winters are cool, sometimes cold, and short in duration. Summers are hot and humid. The transitional seasons of spring and fall can vary in temperature but tend to be warm. In the summer highs usually peak in the mid 90s, but temperatures over 100 °F (37.8 °C) occur on occasion, most recently in the summer of 2012 during a heat wave. That year, the all-time record high of 109 °F (42.8 °C) was recorded on July 1.[28] In the winter highs are in the low to mid 50s and lows are right around freezing, seldom dropping below 25 °F (−3.9 °C). Precipitation is well distributed throughout the year. Afternoon thunderstorms are a common occurrence in the summer months and can bring heavy winds and lightning. Snow is rare, falling every few years. On March 31, 1973, an F4 tornado struck Abbeville and killed 7 people, making it the deadliest single tornado in 1973.[29] The area was struck by two tornadoes on April 10, 2009. No fatalities were recorded, but the majority of the city lost power and many buildings sustained significant damage.[29][30]

Climate data for Abbeville, SC
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 82
(28)		 80
(27)		 89
(32)		 92
(33)		 97
(36)		 105
(41)		 109
(43)		 107
(42)		 104
(40)		 100
(38)		 89
(32)		 78
(26)		 109
(43)
Average high °F (°C) 53
(12)		 58
(14)		 66
(19)		 74
(23)		 82
(28)		 88
(31)		 91
(33)		 90
(32)		 84
(29)		 74
(23)		 65
(18)		 55
(13)		 73
(23)
Average low °F (°C) 31
(−1)		 34
(1)		 40
(4)		 48
(9)		 57
(14)		 66
(19)		 70
(21)		 69
(21)		 62
(17)		 50
(10)		 41
(5)		 33
(1)		 50
(10)
Record low °F (°C) −2
(−19)		 2
(−17)		 3
(−16)		 24
(−4)		 32
(0)		 41
(5)		 53
(12)		 50
(10)		 35
(2)		 25
(−4)		 13
(−11)		 1
(−17)		 −2
(−19)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.16
(105.7)		 4.60
(116.8)		 4.68
(118.9)		 2.85
(72.4)		 3.40
(86.4)		 3.45
(87.6)		 4.01
(101.9)		 3.68
(93.5)		 3.11
(79)		 3.45
(87.6)		 3.62
(91.9)		 3.76
(95.5)		 44.77
(1,137.2)
Source: [31]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
18501,251—
1860592−52.7%
18801,543—
18901,6969.9%
19003,766122.1%
19104,45918.4%
19204,5702.5%
19304,414−3.4%
19404,93011.7%
19505,3959.4%
19605,4360.8%
19705,5151.5%
19805,8335.8%
19905,778−0.9%
20005,8401.1%
20105,237−10.3%
Est. 20155,191[32]−0.9%
U.S. Decennial Census

2000

As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 5,840 people, 2,396 households, and 1,574 families residing in the city. The population density was 995.2 people per square mile (384.1/km²). There were 2,654 housing units at an average density of 452.3 per square mile (174.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 50.46% White, 48.48% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.19% from other races, and 0.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population.

There were 2,396 households out of which 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.1% were married couples living together, 23.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the city the population was spread out with 27.2% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 80.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $25,756, and the median income for a family was $30,040. Males had a median income of $28,339 versus $21,824 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,274. About 16.3% of families and 19.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.2% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over.

Abbeville is the center of a small urban cluster with a total population of 6,038 (2000 census).

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Abbeville had a population of 5,237. The racial makeup of Abbeville was 2,458 White, 2,645 African American, 10 Native American, 23 Asian, 22 from other races, and 79 from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 48 persons.[33]

Economy

Agriculture and forestry are important industries in the area. Crops that are grown in quantities are cotton, soybeans, corn, oats, wheat, and peaches. Livestock, dairy cows, and poultry are also raised in the area. Finally textiles are the chief manufactured product, in particular, clothing. After the North American Free Trade Agreement clothing is no longer made in Abbeville. Also represented are plastic and metal products.[3][8]

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Anon 2014
  2. ↑ Anon 2015
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Johnston 1997, p. 8
  4. ↑ Anon 2014a
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Hoiberg 2010, p. 11
  6. ↑ Gannett 1905, p. 22
  7. 1 2 Ragsdale, Jacob & Nystrom 1989, p. 729
  8. 1 2 3 4 Cohen 1998, p. 3
  9. 1 2 Canby 1984, p. 2
  10. ↑ Dray, Philip (2002). At the Hands of Persons Unknown: The Lynching of Black America. New York City: Modern Library. pp. 226–229. ISBN 978-0-375-75445-6. OCLC 51330092.
  11. ↑ Ginzburg, Ralph (1997). 100 Years of Lynchings. Black Classic Press. p. 267. ISBN 0-933121-18-0.
  12. ↑ "Anthony Crawford, a Negro of Wealth, Lynched Saturday". Abbeville Press and Banner. Abbeville, South Carolina. 1917-10-25. p. 1. Retrieved 2015-12-21.
  13. ↑ "Monday's Mob Forced Negroes to Close Shops". Abbeville Press and Banner. Abbeville, South Carolina. 1917-10-25. p. 1. Retrieved 2015-12-21.
  14. ↑ Collins, Jeffrey (Oct 20, 2016). "Lynching Memorial Rises Near Revered Confederate Sites". ABC News.
  15. ↑ Anon 2003, p. 2
  16. ↑ Anon 2011
  17. ↑ Anon 2011a
  18. ↑ The Historic American Buildings Survey & Historic American Engineering Record 1995, p. 899
  19. ↑ Anon 2015a
  20. ↑ Galgoul, Wilson & Konya 1967, p. 160
  21. ↑ Galgoul, Wilson & Konya 1967, p. 192
  22. ↑ Ragsdale, Jacob & Nystrom 1989, p. 831
  23. ↑ Galgoul, Wilson & Konya 1967, p. 389
  24. ↑ Galgoul, Wilson & Konya 1967, p. 552
  25. ↑ Ragsdale, Jacob & Nystrom 1989, p. 1805
  26. ↑ Anon 1900
  27. ↑ Anon 2015b
  28. ↑ Anon 2012
  29. 1 2 Lietz 2015
  30. ↑ Anon 2009
  31. ↑ Anon 2014b
  32. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  33. ↑ Anon 2010

References

External links

Wikisource has the text of a 1921 Collier's Encyclopedia article about Abbeville.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/30/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.