April 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

The Eastern Orthodox cross

Mar. 31 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - Apr. 2

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on April 14 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.^{[note 1]}

For April 1, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on March 19.

Saints

• Saints Hermes and Theodora the martyrs (132)^{[1][note 2]}
• Saint Melito of Sardis, Bishop of Sardis (177)^[3]
• Saints Alexander, Dionysius, Ingeniani, Panteros (or Pantainos), Parthenios and Saturninus the Martyrs.^{[4][note 3]}
• Martyrs Gerontius and Basilides (3rd century)^{[5][note 4]}
• Martyr Polynikos.^[6]
• Righteous Achaz (Ahaz)^{[7][note 5]}
• Saint Mary of Egypt (c. 421)^[8][9]
• Saint Makarios of Pelekete, Abbot of Pelekete Monastery (820)^{[10][11][note 6]}
• Saint Procopius of Sázava, Abbot of Sázava in Bohemia (1053)^[3][12]

Pre-Schism Western Saints

• Venantius, a Dalmatian bishop whose relics were brought from Spalato to Rome in 641 (c. 255)^[2][12]
• Martyr hermit Tewdric of Tintern, Wales (6th century)^[13][14]
• Saint Walric (Walericus, Valéry), Abbot of Leuconay (Saint-Valery-sur-Somme) (622)^{[12][note 7]}
• Saints Caidoc and Fricor (Adrian), Welsh missionaries (7th century)^{[12][note 8]}
• Saint Dodolinus of Vienne, Bishop of Vienne in the Dauphiné in France (7th century)^[12]
• Saint Cellach (Cellach mac Congaile), Archbishop of Armagh in Ireland, previously the Abbot of Iona in Scotland and founder of the Monastery of Kells (815)^[12]

Post-Schism Orthodox Saints

• Saint John Shavteli of Salosi (John of Black Mountain), Georgia (12th-13th century)^[16][17]
• Saint Eulogius of Salosi, Georgia, (Eulogius the Prophet), Fool-for-Christ (12th-13th century)^[18]
• Martyr Abraham of Bulgaria, on the Volga, Wonderworker of Vladimir (1229)^[19][20]
• Saint Gerontius of the Kiev Caves, Canonarch of the Kiev Caves (14th century)^[21][22]
• Saint Euthymius the Wonderworker, Archimandrite of Suzdal (1404)^[23][24]
• Saint Pachomius (Romansky) of the Kyiv Caves, Bishop (1724).^{[25][note 9]}
• Saint Barsanuphius of Optina, Elder (1913)^[26][27]

New Martyrs and Confessors

• Hieromartyr Joachim (Levitsky) of Kyiv, Archbishop of Nizhny Novgorod, crucified upside down at Sevastopol (1921)^[25]
• New martyr Michael (Misha), Fool-for-Christ (1931)^[28]
• New Hieromartyr Sergius (Zavarin), Priest, new martyr of Yaroslavl-Rostov (1938)^{[28][29][30][note 10]}
• New Hieromartyr Schema-bishop Macarius, of St. Macarius the Roman Monastery, near Lezna (1944)^[31]

Icon Gallery

• 

  St. Mary of Egypt. Russian icon, 19th century

• 

  St. Procopius of Sázava.

• 

  St. Abraham of Bulgaria.

• 

  St. Barsanuphius of Optina.

• 

  Hieromartyr Joachim (Levitsky) of Kyiv, Archbishop of Nizhny Novgorod, crucified upside down at Sevastopol.

Notes

1. The notation Old Style or (OS) is sometimes used to indicate a date in the Julian Calendar (which is used by churches on the "Old Calendar").
   The notation New Style or (NS), indicates a date in the Revised Julian calendar (which is used by churches on the "New Calendar").
2. "AT Rome, the passion of St. Theodora, sister of the illustrious martyr Hermes, who underwent martyrdom in the time of the emperor Adrian, under the judge Aurelian, and was buried by the side of her brother, on the Salarian road, a short distance from the city."^[2]
3. As indicated in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum.
4. A church dedicated to Martyr Gerontius existed in Constantinople until the end of the 14th century.
5. Holy Righteous Ahaz died in peace. It is not known where and when.
6. "At Constantinople, under the emperor Leo, St. Macarius, confessor, who ended his life in exile for the defence of the honor paid to sacred images."^[2]
7. "At Amiens, the abbot St. Valery, whose tomb is made illustrious by frequent miracles."^[2]
8. The Irishmen Caidoc and Fricor evangelized the country of the Morini in Picardy, northern France, beginning about 622. Among the souls they won for Christ was the nobleman Riquier (Saint Ricarius), who intervened when some locals to offense to their preaching and took them into his home. Riquier became a fervent Christian, who engaged in penitential austerities and eventually was ordained. In 625, Riquier founded Centula based on the Rule of Columbanus, another Irishman. Their relics are still venerated at the parish church of Saint-Riquier in the diocese of Amiens, although they rested in Centula until the 17th century. Saints Caidoc and Fricor joined Riquier's community and remained there until they were buried in Saint Riquier's church.^[15]
9. St. Pachomius was a Romanian bishop who was very devoted to the spirituality of St Paisius Velichkovsky and to the Saints of the Kyiv Caves Lavra where he asked to spend his final days and as entombed at the Holy Dormition Lavra. He was glorified by the Romanian Orthodox Church in 2006 and his name was then added to the Ukrainian Orthodox Calendar.^[25]
10. See: (Russian) Заварин, Сергей Константинович. Википедии. (Russian Wikipedia).

References

1. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Οἱ Ἅγιοι Ἑρμῆς καὶ Θεοδώρα οἱ Μάρτυρες. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
2. The Roman Martyrology. Transl. by the Archbishop of Baltimore. Last Edition, According to the Copy Printed at Rome in 1914. Revised Edition, with the Imprimatur of His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons. Baltimore: John Murphy Company, 1916. p. 93.
3. April 1/14. Orthodox Calendar (PRAVOSLAVIE.RU).
4. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Οἱ Ἅγιοι Ἀλέξανδρος, Διονύσιος, Ἰνγενιανή, Πάντερος ἢ Πάνταινος, Παρθένιος καὶ Σατουρνίνος οἱ Μάρτυρες. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
5. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Οἱ Ἅγιοι Βασιλείδης καὶ Γερόντιος οἱ Μάρτυρες. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
6. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ἅγιος Πολύνικος ὁ Μάρτυρας. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
7. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ὅσιος Ἄχαζ ὁ Δίκαιος. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
8. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ἡ Ὁσία Μαρία ἡ Αἰγυπτία. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
9. Venerable Mary of Egypt. OCA - Feasts and Saints.
10. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ὅσιος Μακάριος ἡγούμενος τῆς μονῆς Πελεκητῆς. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
11. Venerable Macarius the Abbot of Pelecete. OCA - Feasts and Saints.
12. April 1. Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome.
13. AN ENGLISH ORTHODOX CALENDAR. Saint Euphrosynos Café.
14. Katherine I. Rabenstein. Tewdric, Hermit (AC). Saints of the Day - St. Patrick's Catholic Church, Washington, D.C.
15. Katherine I. Rabenstein. Caidoc and Fricor (Adrian) HH (AC). Saints of the Day - St. Patrick's Catholic Church, Washington, D.C.
16. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ὅσιος Ἰωάννης ὁ Φιλόσοφος ἐκ Γεωργίας. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
17. St John Shavteli of Salosi, Bishop of Gaenati, Georgia. OCA - Feasts and Saints.
18. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ὅσιος Εὐλόγιος ὁ διὰ Χριστὸν Σαλός. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
19. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ἅγιος Ἀβραάμιος ὁ Νεομάρτυρας ἐκ Βουλγαρίας. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
20. Martyr Abraham of Bulgaria. OCA - Feasts and Saints.
21. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ὅσιος Γερόντιος ὁ Κανονάρχης. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
22. Venerable Gerontius the Canonarch of the Kiev Far Caves. OCA - Feasts and Saints.
23. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ὅσιος Εὐθύμιος ὁ Θαυματουργός. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
24. Venerable Euthymius of Suzdal. OCA - Feasts and Saints.
25. Dr. Alexander Roman. April. Calendar of Ukrainian Orthodox Saints (Ukrainian Orthodoxy - Українське Православ'я).
26. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ὅσιος Βαρσανούφιος τῆς Ὄπτινα. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
27. Venerable Barsanuphius of Optina. OCA - Feasts and Saints.
28. April 14 / April 1. HOLY TRINITY RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow).
29. The Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of Western Europe and the Americas (ROCOR). St. Hilarion Calendar of Saints for the year of our Lord 2004. St. Hilarion Press (Austin, TX). p.26.
30. (Russian) 1 апреля (ст.ст.) 14 апреля 2013 (нов. ст.). Русская Православная Церковь Отдел внешних церковных связей. (DECR).
31. Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) Ὁ Ὅσιος Μακάριος ὁ Ἱερομάρτυρας ὁ Νέος. 1 Απριλίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.

Sources

• April 1/14. Orthodox Calendar (PRAVOSLAVIE.RU).
• April 14 / April 1. HOLY TRINITY RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow).
• Complete List of Saints. Protection of the Mother of God Church (POMOG).
• April 1. OCA - The Lives of the Saints.
• Dr. Alexander Roman. April. Calendar of Ukrainian Orthodox Saints (Ukrainian Orthodoxy - Українське Православ'я).
• April 1. Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome.
• AN ENGLISH ORTHODOX CALENDAR. Saint Euphrosynos Café.
• The Roman Martyrology. Transl. by the Archbishop of Baltimore. Last Edition, According to the Copy Printed at Rome in 1914. Revised Edition, with the Imprimatur of His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons. Baltimore: John Murphy Company, 1916. p. 93.
• Rev. Richard Stanton. A Menology of England and Wales, or, Brief Memorials of the Ancient British and English Saints Arranged According to the Calendar, Together with the Martyrs of the 16th and 17th Centuries. London: Burns & Oates, 1892. p. 140.

Greek Sources

• Great Synaxaristes: (Greek) 1 ΑΠΡΙΛΙΟΥ. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.
• (Greek) Συναξαριστής. 1 Απριλίου. ECCLESIA.GR. (H ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ ΤΗΣ ΕΛΛΑΔΟΣ).

Russian Sources

• (Russian) 14 апреля (1 апреля). Православная Энциклопедия под редакцией Патриарха Московского и всея Руси Кирилла (электронная версия). (Orthodox Encyclopedia - Pravenc.ru).
• (Russian) 1 апреля (ст.ст.) 14 апреля 2013 (нов. ст.). Русская Православная Церковь Отдел внешних церковных связей. (DECR).