Archaeological sites in Peru

Archaeological sites in Peru are numerous and diverse, representing different aspects including temples and fortresses of the various cultures of ancient Peru, such as the Moche and Nazca. The sites vary in importance from small local sites to UNESCO World Heritage sites of global importance.[1] Their nature and complexity of the sites vary from small single-featured sites such as pyramids to entire cities, such as Chan Chan and Machu Picchu. Preservation and investigation of these sites are controlled mainly by the National Institute for Culture (INC) (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Cultura). The lack of funding to protect sites and enforce existing laws, results in large scale looting and illegal trading of artifacts.[2]

Sites

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The following is an alphabetical list of archaeological sites in Peru, it lists the main archaeological sites of touristic importance as published by the Ministry of Foreign Commerce and Tourism.[3][4]

Site Image Region Culture Period
Acaray Lima   900–200 BC, 1000–1470 AD
Aspero Lima Norte Chico 3000–1800 BC
Bandurria Lima Norte Chico 3000–1800 BC
El Brujo La Libertad Moche 100–750 AD
Buena Vista Lima  
Cahuachi Ica Nazca  
Cantamarca Lima Canta 1100–1450 AD
La Cantinela Ica Chincha 0900–1450 AD
Carajía ` Amazonas  
Caral Lima Norte Chico 3000–1800 BC
Chan Chan La Libertad Chimú 850–1470 AD
Chankillo[5] Ancash Casma/Sechin culture 300 BC
Chavin de Huantar Ancash Chavín  
Chinchero Cusco    
Choquequirao Cusco Inca  
Cumbe Mayo Cajamarca  
El Paraíso Chillon River Valley 3790–3065 cal BP
Garagay Lima 1200 BC
Gran Pajáten La Libertad Chachapoyas  
Gran Saposoa Amazonas  
Gran Vilaya Amazonas Chachapoyas  
Guitarrero Cave[6] Ancash 8000–7000 BC
Huaca de la Luna La Libertad Moche  
Huaca del Sol La Libertad Moche  
Inka Uyu Puno  
Inka Wasi, Ayacucho Ayacucho  
Inka Wasi, Huancavelica Huancavelica Inca  
Inti Punku Cusco  
Inti Watana Ayacucho Inca  
Jisk'a Iru Muqu Puno South-Central Highland 3000–1400 BC
Kuelap Amazonas Chachapoyas 1000–1400 AD
Kuntur Wasi Cajamarca Chavín 1000–700 BC
K'anamarka Cusco  
La Galgada La Libertad Kotosh Religious Tradition 2900–1800 BC
Las Haldas or Aldas Ancash 2200-300 BC
Llaqtapata Cusco Inca  
Machu Pikchu Cusco Inca  
Marayniyuq Ayacucho  
Ñusta Hispana Cusco Inca  
Pachakamaq Lima Huari
Ichma
Lima
Inca		 200–1450 AD
Pañamarka Ancash    
Paramonga Lima Chimú 1200–1450 AD
Patallaqta Cusco Inca  
Phuyupatamarka Cusco  
Pikillaqta Cusco Huari 500–1200 AD
Pikimach'ay Ayacucho 12000 BC
Pinkuylluna Cusco  
Pisac Cusco Inca  
Puka Pukara Cusco Inca  
Pukllana Lima
Miraflores		 Lima 200–700 AD
Puruchuco Lima Ichma
Inca		 1470–1532 AD
Qulu Qulu Puno  
Qunchamarka Cusco  
Qurikancha Cusco Inca  
Quriwayrachina Cusco  
Q'inqu Cusco  
Raqch'i Cusco Inca 1450–1532 AD
Rumiqullqa Cusco  
Runkuraqay Cusco  
Sacred Valley Cusco Inca  
Saksaywaman Cusco Killke and Inca 900–1532 AD
Sayhuite Apurímac Inca  
Sechin Alto Ancash Casma/Sechin culture 2000–1500 BCE
Sillustani Puno Colla 1200–1450 AD
Sipán Lambayeque Moche  
Suntur Apurímac  
Tambo Colorado Ica Inca 1470–1532 AD
Tampu Mach'ay Cusco Inca 1470–1532 AD
Tarawasi Cusco Inca  
Tarmatampu Junín Inca 1470–1532 AD
Tipón Cusco Inca  
Toquepala Caves Tacna 7650 BC
Toro Muerto Arequipa Huari 900–1200 AD
Túcume Lambayeque Lambayeque, Chimú and Inca 800–1532 AD
Tunanmarka Junín Huanca  
Uchkus Inkañan Huancavelica Inca  
Ullantaytampu Cusco Inca 1450–1532 AD
Usnu Ayacucho  
Vilcabamba
(Espiritu Pampa)		 Cusco Inca  
Vilcashuamán Ayacucho Inca 1470–1532 AD
Vitcos
 Cusco Inca  
Wallamarka Lima Hualla 500–1450 AD
Wamanmarka Cusco  
Wanuku Pampa Huánuco Inca 1470–1532 AD
Waqramarka Ancash  
Wari ruins Ayacucho Huari 500–900 AD
Wari Willka Junín Huanca  
Willkaraqay Cusco  
Willkawayin Ancash  
Wiraquchapampa La Libertad  
Wiñay Wayna Cusco Inca  

See also

References

  1. ↑ UNESCO. World Heritage Centre. Retrieved March 3, 2009.
  2. ↑ International Council of Museums. Red List of Peruvian antiquities at risk. Retrieved March 3, 2009.
  3. ↑ (Spanish) Ministry of Foreign Commerce and Tourism. Main archaeological sites of touristic importance. Retrieved March 3, 2009.
  4. ↑ (Spanish) Archaeology of Peru. Archaeological sites. Retrieved March 3, 2009.
  5. ↑ Ghezzi, I.; Ruggles, C. (2007), "Chankillo: A 2300-Year-Old Solar Observatory in Coastal Peru", Science, 315, pp. 1239–1243
  6. ↑ Thomas F. Lynch; R. Gillespie; John A. J. Gowlett; R. E. M. Hedges (1985), "Chronology of Guitarrero Cave, Peru", Science, 229 (4716), pp. 864–867

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