Barnard

This article is about the name. For other uses, see Barnard (disambiguation).

Barnard is a surname.

People

Some of the Barnard family in England may have been Huguenots[1] who fled from the Atlantic coast region of France circa 1685 (the time of the revocation of the edict of Nantes) or earlier than that date, however the evidence for this is tenuous, as the name does not appear in lists of proven Huguenot names.[2] By contrast, the Barnard family in Holland (the western provinces of the Netherlands) can be definitively traced back to circa 1751 (Izaak Barnard)[3] of Scheveningen. The countries from which they entered Holland prior to that date are uncertain.[4] The Jewish branch of the Barnard family in England is well documented,[5][6] and is thought to have arrived in England and Ireland, after the time of the readmission of Jews by Oliver Cromwell (1656); some of whom can be traced back to Rabbi Daniel Barnard of Canterbury, with notable descendants around London,[7][8][9] Chatham, Dartford,[10] Kingston upon Hull,[11] Stockton-on-Tees,[12][13] Bournemouth,[14] Ipswich, Norwich[15] and in Australia.[16]

Surname

The surname is most commonly found in Greater London and the South Eastern counties of England, and in California, Texas, Florida and New York in the United States of America.[17] It is also found in Canada, the Netherlands, South Africa, Australia, and occasionally in Germany.[18]

It is an English or Dutch version of Bernard, from the Germanic name Bernhard, composed of the elements ber(n) ‘bear’ + hard ‘brave’, ‘hardy’, ‘strong’.[19] The name is a held by Hebrew scholars to be a symbolic representation (or Kinnui[20][21][22]) for the Israelite tribe of Issachar. One of the sons of Jacob, Issachar, was compared to a donkey,[23] so one would expect to find the donkey as a Kinnui[24][25] of Issachar. However, the donkey, not considered to be very auspicious, was replaced by a bear; Dov in Hebrew, Bär or Baer in German. The corresponding family names are BAER, BER, BERR, BEHR, BERNHARDT, BERNARD (in France),[26] Anglicised and also found in Holland as BARNARD.[27]

Barnard Coat of Arms
Barnard Coat of Arms.
Argent, bear rampant sable, muzzle or.
Painting by R.T.Barnard

List of people with the surname

Given name

See also

References

  1. ↑ The Huguenots in England: Immigration and Settlement, C. 1550-1700 by Bernard Cottret
  2. ↑ http://www.aftc.com.au/Huguenot/Hug.html
  3. ↑ http://www.barnard.nl/stamboom/tables.html
  4. ↑ http://www.barnard.nl/stamboom/tables.html
  5. ↑ http://www.jewishgen.org/databases/UK/
  6. ↑ http://www.cemeteryscribes.com/search.php?mylastname=barnard&myfirstname=&mybool=AND&search=Search
  7. ↑ Chatham Synagogue marriage records
  8. ↑ Great Synagogue birth register
  9. ↑ Hambro Synagogue records
  10. ↑ http://www.jewishgen.org/jcr-uk/community/ch/history1.htm
  11. ↑ Delhi Street Cemetery burial records, Hull
  12. ↑ Stockton Hebrew Congregation burial records, Stockton-on-Tees
  13. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-05-01. Retrieved 2009-12-09.
  14. ↑ Boscombe Cemetery burial records, Bournemouth
  15. ↑ Jewish Genealogical Society of Great Britain: a Study of the Jewish Population living in Britain in 1851
  16. ↑ The Jewish Victorian, Genealogical Information from the Jewish Newspapers, 1861-1871 by Doreen Berger
  17. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
  18. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2012-01-02.
  19. ↑ http://www.ancestry.com.au/facts/Bernhard-family-history-uk.ashx
  20. ↑ Calques, Kinnuim and Couplets:The use of alternative names by Jewish families, by James B. Koenig http://www.genealoj.org/ENtexte/page151
  21. ↑ http://www.jewishgen.org/infofiles/givennames/slide6.html
  22. ↑ Kinnui
  23. ↑ Genesis at 49:1-27 http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0149.htm#1
  24. ↑ Calques, Kinnuim and Couplets: The use of alternative names by Jewish families, by James B. Koenig http://www.genealoj.org/ENtexte/page151
  25. ↑ http://www.jewishgen.org/infofiles/givennames/slide6.html
  26. ↑ http://www.genealoj.org/ENtexte/page15.html
  27. ↑ http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=51&letter=N&search=Barnard#155
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