Action at Fayetteville

Battle of Fayetteville
Part of the American Civil War
Headquarters House, occupied by the Union during the action at Fayetteville
Date April 18, 1863 Location Fayetteville, Arkansas Result Union victory
Belligerents
United States (Union)	CSA (Confederacy)
Commanders and leaders
Marcus La Rue Harrison	William Lewis Cabell
Units involved
1st Arkansas Cavalry, First Arkansas Infantry	Arkansas Cavalry, Texas and Missouri troops, Hughey's Arkansas Battery
Strength
Unknown	Unknown
Casualties and losses
50 approximately	50 approximately

The Battle of Fayetteville was a skirmish of the American Civil War fought on 18 April 1863 and had an undecided result.

The battle

Confederate Brigadier General William L. Cabell departed Ozark, Arkansas with 900 cavalry, intending to retake Fayetteville, Arkansas, which had been occupied by the Union Army after its tactical victory months earlier at the Battle of Prairie Grove. Approaching Fayetteville from the south, Cabell's men captured a nine-man Union picket near West Fork, Arkansas on the night of April 17. The following morning, Cabell lost the element of surprise when his men skirmished with dismounted Union pickets in east Fayetteville. The Confederates climbed East Mountain and Hughey's Arkansas Battery opened fire on the garrison with its artillery. Union Colonel Harrison deployed three companies of the First Arkansas Infantry to counter the threat.

At about 6.00 am, Cabell ordered a charge on the city, hoping to capture the Union commanders at the Tebbetts House, where they made their headquarters. The attackers halted as they waited for their artillery to shell the house into surrendering. Confederate Colonel James Monroe now led a flank attack on the city, managing to take the Baxter House. The Confederates continued into Fayetteville, taking prisoners and destroying a supply train. However, the Union forces finally rallied and halted any further Confederate advances.^[1]

Harrison ordered an advance on the Confederate artillery upon East Mountain. Meanwhile, Colonel Monroe led his Confederate cavalry up Dickson Street in one last attempt to capture the Union headquarters. The crossfire was too heavy and Monroe withdrew his men. The Confederate artillery on the mountain was now both under attack and out of ammunition. General Cabell reluctantly ordered his men to fall back and thus the battle ended in a draw. Nevertheless, Cabell had failed in his objective and the Union retained control of Fayetteville.

The aftermath

Casualties reports are missing, but each side is estimated to have had about 50 men killed or wounded. The Tebbets House is now a Civil War museum called the Headquarters House.

References

1. United States. War Dept. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 22, In Two Parts. Part 1, Reports., Book, 1888; digital images, (http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth154600/m1/314/?q=Hughey : accessed December 29, 2012), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, http://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries, Denton, Texas.

External links

• Action at Fayetteville