Black Sea Shipping Company

Soviet-times logo of the company.

Black Sea Shipping Company (Ukrainian: Чорноморське морське пароплавство) was a major shipping company of the former Soviet Union at Black Sea based in Odessa, Ukraine. During the Soviet rule, the company held the title of world's largest shipping company for at least several years and was instrumental in important foreign trade and international aid initiatives of the Soviet government.

In February 2009 it was recognized bankrupt by the Higher Commercial Court of Ukraine (previously by the Commercial Court of Odessa Oblast and the Odessa Appellate Commercial Court).^[1]

History

Funnels of the Black Sea Shipping Co. cargo ships during Soviet Union period were the same as the funnel of cargo ship "Pyetr Saveliev". Some vessels, mostly passenger ships, had the same red stripe and red emblem on the white color funnels.

The company was established on June 13, 1922 as Black Sea - Azov Sea Shipping by the Council of Labour and Defence as part of the People's Commissariat of Communication Routes and administrated by the Central Administration of State Merchant Fleet (Gostorgflot). The company however traces its history to May 16, 1833 when the Black Sea Society of Steamships (ROPiT) was established as means of permanent communications between Odessa and Istanbul, but the company disappeared after the Crimean War of the 1850s. The Black Sea - Azov Sea Shipping company splits into Black Sea Shipping Company, Azov Sea Shipping Company and Georgian Shipping Company after the World War II. Another split took place in 1964 when a new company, Novorossiysk Shipping Company, was created from the tanker division of the Black Sea Shipping Company.

Azov Sea region management of Black Sea Shipping Company was created in Zhdanov in 1953. Azov Sea region management was reorganized in Azov Sea Shipping Company in 1967. It is why some ships of Black Sea Shipping Company ships were handed over changed to Azov Sea Shipping Company and home port was changed from Odessa to Zhdanov. So, two sister ships Nezhin and Smela were transferred to Azov Sea Shipping Company in 1969 or in 1967.

In 1990 Black Sea Shipping was the biggest one in Europe among other shipping companies and the second in whole world. With the fall of the Soviet Union, the company was passed from the Ministry of Sea Fleet of the USSR as a state company of Ukraine and later registered with the Fund of State Property of Ukraine.

On August 13, 1993 President Leonid Kravchuk issued the Decree #303,^[2] creating the state conglomeration "Blasko" based on "Black Sea Shipping Company". The Decree was canceled in January 1995.

Speaking in 2013, Leonid Kravchuk accepted his blame for decisions leading to ruining of the "Black Sea Shipping Company".^[3]

Vessels fleet

Black Sea Shipping company was the biggest company in the world in 1980-es years as per quantity of sea-going vessels. The company had more than 250 sea-going ship during the best times.

Ports and harbours of operation

During the Soviet Union period and after the creation of the Novorossiysk Sea Shipping Company all of the large ports on the present Ukrainian territory except Sevastopol, Asov Sea ports, Kerch port and Danube river ports were owned by the Black Sea Shipping Company. After the collapse of the Soviet Union these ports separated from the shipping company.

Ports of Black Sea Shipping Co. during Soviet Union period (first version is Russian language version):

Constellation of the Blackerranean (by analogy with the word Mediterranean):
- Odessa (Odesa - Ukrainian language version)
- Illichivsk (Illychivsk - Ukrainian language version)
- Yuzhny (Yuzhne - Ukrainian language version)
River ports:
- Nikolayev Sea port (Mykolaiv - Ukrainian language version)
- Kherson Sea port
- Belgorod-Dnestrovsky
Crimea ports
- Yalta
- Alushta
- Feodosiya

Before the creation of the Novorossiysk Sea Shipping Company the Black Sea Shipping Company also included all ports of Novorossiysk Sea Shipping Company on the east coast of the Black Sea:

The main port was Odessa during all times. And most of tonnage of cargо passed via Constellation of the Blackerranean - Odessa, Illichivsl, Yuzhny ports.

Sevastopol - was not Black Sea Shipping Co. port. It was naval port of Soviet Union in Black Sea.

References

External links

Soviet Union merchant ships, except tanker ships, which took part in Operation Anadyr in 1962.^[1]

Black Sea Shipping Company ships (Total 40 ships)	CARGO-PASSANGER SHIPS: «Адмирал Нахимов» (Admiral Nakhimov) «Грузия» (Gruziya) «Латвия» (Latviya) «Победа» (Pobeda) LENISKY KOMSOMOL CLASS OF DRY CARGO LINERS: «Ленинский Комсомол» (Leninskiy Komsomol) «Металлург Аносов» (Metallurg Anosov) «Металлург Байков» (Metallurg Baykov) «Металлург Бардин» (Metallurg Bardin) «Металлург Курако» (Metallurg Kurako) «Физик Вавилов» (Fizik Vavilov) «Физик Курчатов» (Fizik Kurchatov) «Физик Лебедев» (Fizik Lebedev) «Фредерик Жолио-Кюри» (Friderikh Zholio Kyuri) «Химик Зелинский» (Khimik Zelinskiy) «Хирург Вишневский» (Khirurg Vishnevskiy) «Юрий Гагарин» (Yuriy Gagarin) LENINOGORSK CLASS OF CARGO SHIPS (built in Poland): «Большевик Суханов» (Bol'shevik Sukhanov) «Лабинск» (Labinsk) «Лениногорск» (Leninogorsk) «Лесозаводск» (Lesozavodsk) «Партизан Бонивур» (Partizan Bonivur) «Солнечногорск» (Solnechnogorsk) «Дивногорск» (Divnogorsk) «Медногорск» (Mednogorsk) NIKOLAY PIRIGOV CLASS OF CARGO SHIPS (Built in France): «Иван Сеченов» (Ivan Sechenov) «Илья Мечников» (Il'ya Mechnikov) «Николай Бурденко» (Nikolai Burdenko) «Николай Пирогов» (Nikolai Pirogov) «Сергей Боткин» (Sergey Botkin) OTHER DRY CARGO SHIPS: «Беловодск» (Belovodsk) «Белорецк» (Beloretsk) «Богдан Хмельницкий» (Bogdan Khmel'nitskij) «Полтава» (Poltava) «Симферополь» (Simferopol’) «Ставрополь» (Stavropol') «Фролово» (Frolovo) DJANKOY CLASS OF COAL-ORE DRY CARRIERS (built in GDR): «Добруш» (Dobrusch) «Долматово» (Dolmatova) «Дубно» (Dubno) «Дубоссары» (Dubossary) танкер «Фестиваль», черноморский танкер «Гарибальди»

Baltic Shipping Company ships (Total 34 ships)	PASSANGER and CARGO-PASSANGER SHIPS: «Балтика» (Baltika) «Мария Ульянова» (Mariya Ulyanova) «М. Урицкий» (M. Uritskij) «Эстония» (PS Estoniya) ARKHANGELSK CLASS OF DRY CARGO SHIPS: «Алапаевск» (Alapayevsk) «Александровск» (Aleksandrovsk) «Альметьевск» (Al'met'evsk) «Аткарск» (Atkarsk) «Балтийск» (Baltijsk) «Бердянск» (Berdyansk) «Братск» (Bratsk) «Кировск» (Kirovsk) «Кисловодск» (Kislovodsk) «Льгов» (L’gov) «Мичуринск» (Michurinsk) «Сретенск» (Sretensk) «Черняховск» (Chernyakhovsk) CRASNOGRAD CLASS FO DRY CARGO SHIPS: «Касимов» (Kasimov) «Кимовск» (Kimovsk) «Ковров» (Kovrov) «Красноград» (Krasnograd) U.S. LIBERTY CLASS OF DRY CARGO SHIPS: «Емельян Пугачев» (Emilian Pugachew - in doubt that she was used in Operation Anadyr) «Иван Ползунов» (Ivan Polzunov - ex. Charles E.Duryea) «Севастополь» (Sevastopol' - ex. De Witt Clinton) «Советская Гавань» (Sovetskaya Gavan' - ex. Samuel A Worcester) OTHER CLASSES OF DRY CARGO SHIPS: «Ижевск» (Izhevsk) «Маршал Говоров» (Marshal Govorov) VOLGOLES CLASS OF TIMBER CARGO SHIPS: «Алатырьлес» (TC Alatyr’les) «Ангарсклес» (TC Angarskles) «Архангельсклес» (TC Arkhangel’skles) «Волголес» (TC Volgoles) «Двинолес» (TC Dvinoles) «Комилес» (TC Komiles) «Северолес» (TC Severoles)

Far East Shipping Company (Total 7 ships)	CARGO-PASSANGER SHIP: «Хабаровск» (Khabarovsk) DRY CARGO SHIPS: ««Емельян Пугачев» (Emilian Pugachew) «Омск» (Omsk) «Оренбург» (Orenburg) «Охотск» (Okhotsk) «Уссурийск» (Ussurijsk) REEFER SHIP: «Умань» (Uman)

Azov Shipping Company	COAL-ORE DRY CARRIERS: «Ургенч» (Urgench) «Усолье» (Usolye) «Устюжна» (Uatyuzhna)

Latvian Shipping Company	DRY CARGO SHIP: «Амата» (Amata) REEFER SHIP: «Кура» (Kura)

Murmansk Shipping Company	DRY CARGO SHIP: «Индигирка» (Indigirka)

Kamchatka Shipping Company	CARGO-PASSANGER SHIP: «Николаевск» (Nikolaevsk)

1 Refrigerated Cargo Ship 2 Heavy lift ship 3 Coaster 4 Collier 5 Cargo liner 6 Estuary tug

Soviet Union merchant ships which carried military cargoes to Syria and Egypt in October and November 1973, during the Arab-Israeli War.^[2]

Leninsky Komsomol class of cargo ships	«Ленинский Комсомол» (Leninskiy Komsomol) «Физик Курчатов» (Fizik Kurchatov) «Химик Зелинский» (Khimik Zelinskiy) «Братство» (Bratstvo) «Красный Октябрь» (Krasnyy Oktyabr) «Ленинский Пионер» (Leninskiy Pioner) «Юный Ленинец» (Yuniy Leninets) «Парижская коммуна» (Parizhskaya Kommuna)

Slavyansk class of cargo ships	«Серебрянск» (Serebryanak, сухогруз пр.1563) «Суэц» (Suetz, сухогруз пр.1563) «Сосногорск» (Sosnogorsk, сухогруз пр.1563) «Северодонецк» (Severodonetsk, сухогруз пр.1563) «Капитан Шанцберг» (Kapitan Shantsberg, сухогруз пр.1563) «Командарм Матвеев» (Komandarrm Matveyev, сухогруз пр.1563)

Mezhdurechensk class of cargo ships	«Междуреченск» (Mezhdurechensk, сухогруз пр.В-44) «Марнеули» (Marneuli, сухогруз пр.В-44) «Мацеста» (Matsesta, сухогруз пр. В-44)

Kommunist class of cargo ships	«Хо Ши Мин» (Ho Chi Minh, сухогруз пр. В-40) «Николай Кремлянский» (Nikolay Kremlyanskiy, сухогруз пр. В-40) «Роза Люксембург» (Roza Lyuksemburg, сухогруз пр.В-40)

Other classes of merchant ships	«Советск» (Sovetsk, сухогруз пр. В-43) «Салават» (Salavat, сухогруз пр. В-43)

Other classes of merchant ships	«Охотск» (Okhotsk) «Смена» (Smena) «Северодвинск» (Severodvinsk) «Донецкий Металлург» (Donetsky Metallurg, сухогруз пр.1562) «Николай Гоголь» (Nikolay Gogol, сухогруз тип ПУЛА) «Николай Бурденко» (Nikolay Burdenko, рефрижератор тип НИКОЛАЙ ПИРОГОВ) «Глеб Кржижановский» (Gleb Krzhizhanovskiy)

1 Refrigerated Cargo Ship 2 Heavy lift ship 3 Coaster 4 Collier 5 Cargo liner 6 Estuary tug

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