Boechera fecunda
| Boechera fecunda | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Rosids |
| Order: | Brassicales |
| Family: | Brassicaceae |
| Genus: | Boechera |
| Species: | B. fecunda |
| Binomial name | |
| Boechera fecunda (Rollins) Dorn | |
Boechera fecunda (syn. Arabis fecunda)[1] is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names Mt. Sapphire rockcress and bitterroot rockcress. It is endemic to Montana in the United States, where there are twenty known occurrences in three counties.[2]
This perennial herb produces a basal rosette of leaves. The basal leaves are spoon-shaped or lance-shaped and measure 1 to 3 centimeters in length. Leaves higher on the stem are smaller and clasp the stalk. The plant is coated in grayish hairs. The flowering stalk is up to 30 centimeters tall and has white or blue-tinged flowers. The fruit is a hairy grayish silique up to 5 centimeters long.[2] The plant has two reproductive modes. Some plants produce axillary flowers and some produce terminal flowers at the top of the stem. Some produce both. Plants with terminal inflorescences are often semelparous, blooming once and then dying. Axillary-flowering plants may be iteroparous, flowering several seasons.[3][4]
This plant grows in Ravalli, Beaverhead, and Silver Bow Counties in Montana. It grows in the ecotone between the lower tree line and the shrub- and grasslands. It grows on steep, eroding cliffs that are sparsely vegetated.[2] The soils are calcareous, made up of a calcium silicate parent rock. The plant is associated with Pseudotsuga menziesii and Pinus ponderosa.[2][5] The plant commonly grows in areas covered in a cryptogamic soil crust, which appears to have a beneficial effect on the plants.[6]
Threats to the species include the noxious weed Centaurea maculosa, spotted knapweed.[2][5] The weed has a negative effect on rockcress populations, reducing seedling establishment.[7] Livestock are another threat, trampling the land and facilitating the introduction of weeds.[2] Mining activity is another threat.[5]
References
- ↑ Boechera fecunda. Flora of North America.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Arabis fecunda. The Nature Conservancy.
- ↑ Lesica, P. and J. S. Shelly. (1995). Effects of reproductive mode on demography and life history in Arabis fecunda (Brassicaceae). Am J Bot 82(6) 752-62.
- ↑ Lesica, P. and T. P. Young. (2005). A demographic model explains life-history variation in Arabis fecunda. Functional Ecology 19 471-77.
- 1 2 3 Arabis fecunda. Archived October 26, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Center for Plant Conservation.
- ↑ Lesica, P. and J. S. Shelly. (1992). Effects of cryptogamic soil crust on the population dynamics of Arabis fecunda (Brassicaceae). American Midland Naturalist 128(1) 53-60. Full text.
- ↑ Lesica, P. and J. S. Shelly. (1996). Competitive effects of Centaurea maculosa on the population dynamics of Arabis fecunda. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 123(2) 111-21.
External links
Further reading
- Hamilton, M. B. and T. Mitchell-Olds. (1994). The mating system and relative performance of selfed and outcrossed progeny in Arabis fecunda (Brassicaceae). Am J Bot 81(10) 1252-56.
- McKay, J. K., et al. (2001). Local adaptation across a climatic gradient despite small effective population size in the rare sapphire rockcress. Proc R Soc Lond B 268 1715-21.
- Song, B. and T. Mitchell-Olds. (2007). High genetic diversity and population differentiation in Boechera fecunda, a rare relative of Arabidopsis. Molecular Ecology 16(19) 4079-88.