Branco River

This article is about the river in Roraima, Brazil. For other rivers with the same name, see Branco River (disambiguation).
Branco River
Branco River in Boa Vista city, Roraima state, Brazil. The Macuxi Bridge, 1.2 km (0.75 mi) long,[1] can be seen in the background.
Country Brazil
Mouth Rio Negro
 - coordinates 1°23′38″S 61°50′46″W / 1.39389°S 61.84611°W / -1.39389; -61.84611Coordinates: 1°23′38″S 61°50′46″W / 1.39389°S 61.84611°W / -1.39389; -61.84611
Length 560 km (348 mi) [2]
Discharge
 - average 5,400 m3/s (190,699 cu ft/s)
The Branco River is a tributary of the Rio Negro (highlighted on map)

The Branco River (Portuguese: Rio Branco; Engl: White River) is the principal affluent of the Rio Negro from the north. It is enriched by many streams from the Tepui highlands which separate Venezuela and Guyana from Brazil. Its two upper main tributaries are the Uraricoera and the Takutu.[3] The latter almost links its sources with those of the Essequibo.

The Branco flows nearly south, and finds its way into the Negro through several channels and a chain of lagoons similar to those of the latter river. It is 350 miles (560 km) long, up to its Uraricoera confluence. It has numerous islands, and, 235 miles (378 km) above its mouth, it is broken by a bad series of rapids.

Confluence of the Rio Solimoes with the Rio Negro.
Confluence of the Rio Branco with the Rio Negro.

The river is referred to as "branco" (white) because of inorganic sediments carried in the water.[4] Alfred Russel Wallace mentions this peculiar coloration in "On the Rio Negro," a paper read at the 13 June 1853 meeting of the Royal Geographical Society, in which he says: "[The Rio Branco] is white to a remarkable degree, its waters being actually milky in appearance." Alexander von Humboldt attributed the color to the presence of silicates in the water, principally mica and talc.[5] There is a visible contrast with the waters of the Rio Negro at the confluence of the two rivers, the Rio Negro's waters being darkened by suspended organic debris containing tannin and humic acid.

Citations

Notes

  1. ↑ UOL. Turismo em Boa Vista. Access on Feb 17 2012.
  2. ↑ Ziesler, R.; Ardizzone, G.D. (1979). "Amazon River System". The Inland waters of Latin America. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 92-5-000780-9. Archived from the original on 8 November 2014.
  3. ↑ "Map of the Branco or Parimé River and of the Caratirimani Uararicapará Majari, Tacutú and Mahú Rivers". World Digital Library. Retrieved 27 April 2013.
  4. ↑ Comparison between white and black waters
  5. ↑ Alexander von Humboldt, Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America During the Years 1799-1804, (chapter 25). Henry G. Bohn, London, 1853.

References

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