Bruno Munari

Bruno Munari
Born (1907-10-24)October 24, 1907
Milan, Italy
Died September 30, 1998(1998-09-30) (aged 90)
Milan, Italy
Resting place Cimitero Monumentale, Milan, Italy
Occupation Artist, designer

Bruno Munari (October 24, 1907, Milan – September 30, 1998, Milan) was an Italian artist, designer, and inventor who contributed fundamentals to many fields of visual arts (painting, sculpture, film, industrial design, graphic design) in modernism, futurism, and concrete art, and in non visual arts (literature, poetry) with his research on games, didactic method, movement, tactile learning, kinesthetic learning, and creativity.

Early life

Bruno Munari was born in Milan but spent his childhood and teenage years in Badia Polesine. In 1925 he returned to Milan where he started to work with his uncle who was an engineer. In 1927, he started to follow Marinetti and the Futurist movement, displaying his work in many exhibitions. Three years later he associated with Riccardo Castagnedi (Ricas), with whom he worked as a graphic designer until 1938. During a trip to Paris, in 1933, he met Louis Aragon and André Breton. From 1938 to September 1943 he worked as a press graphic designer for Mondadori, and as art director of Tempo Magazine and Grazia, two magazines owned by Mondadori. At the same time he began designing books for children, originally created for his son Alberto.[1]

Futurism

Bruno Munari joined the 'Second' Italian Futurist movement in Italy led by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti in the late 1920s. During this period, Munari contributed collages to Italian magazines, some of them highly propagandist, and created sculptural works which would unfold in the coming decades including his useless machines, and his abstract-geometrical works.[2] After World War II Munari disassociated himself with Italian Futurism because of its proto-Fascist connotations.[3]

Later life

In 1948, Munari, Gillo Dorfles, Gianni Monnet and Atanasio Soldati, founded Movimento Arte Concreta (MAC), the Italian movement for concrete art. During the 1940s and 1950s, Munari produced many objects for the Italian design industry, including light fixtures, ash trays, televisions, espresso machines, and toys among other objects.

A white marble gravestone on the wall of a chapel, with only the name and dates of birth and death inscribed
Munari's grave at the Cimitero Monumentale in Milan, Italy, in 2015

In his later life, Munari, worried by the incorrect perception of his artistic work, which is still confused with the other genres of his activity (didactics, design, graphics), selected art historian Miroslava Hajek as curator of a selection of his most important works in 1969. This collection, structured chronologically, shows his continuous creativity, thematic coherence and the evolution of his aesthetic philosophy throughout his artistic life.

Munari was also a significant contributor in the field of children's books and toys, later in his life, though he had been producing books for children since the 1930s. He used textured, tactile surfaces and cut-outs to create books that teach about touch, movement, and colour through kinesthetic learning.

Design and visual communication works

These essays are included in Design as Art. They have also been published individually:

Munari's books for children

Major exhibitions

Four "useless machines", a work inspired by Munari's design

Awards and recognitions

Major collections and holdings

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Bruno Munari: art director, 1943-1944". Domus. 24 March 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
  2. ↑ G. D. Silk. “The Photo Collages of Bruno Munari.” in Cultural and Artistic Upheavals in Modern Europe 1848 to 1945. Sally Metzler and Elizabeth Lovett College (Jacksonville, FL: Cummer Museum of Art, 1996), pp. 41-76.
  3. ↑ Hájek, Miroslava, “Bruno Munari, Futurista." From 2012. Bruno Munari: my futurist past. Cinisello Balsamo: Silvana

Further reading

External links

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