Buddleja globosa

Buddleja globosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Buddlejaceae
Genus: Buddleja
Species: B. globosa
Binomial name
Buddleja globosa
Hope
Synonyms
  • Buddleja capitata Jacq.
  • Buddleja connata Ruíz & Pav.
  • Buddleja globifera Duhamel

Buddleja globosa, also known as the orange-ball-tree[1] or orange ball buddleja, is a species of flowering plant endemic to Chile and Argentina, where it grows in dry and moist forest, from sea level to 2,000 m.[2] The species was first described and named by Hope in 1782 [3]

The plant was accorded the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (record 687) in 1993

Description

B. globosa is a large shrub to 5 m (16 ft) tall, with grey fissured bark. The young branches are subquadrangular and tomentose, bearing sessile or subsessile lanceolate or elliptic leaves 5–15 cm long by 2–6 cm wide, glabrescent and bullate above and tomentose below. The deep-yellow to orange leafy-bracted inflorescences comprise one terminal and < 7 pairs of pedunculate globose heads, 1.2–2.8 cm in diameter, each with 30–50 flowers, heavily honey-scented. Ploidy: 2n = 38 (diploid).[2]

In common with many New World Buddlejaceae species B. globosa is dioecious: although the flowers appear hermaphrodite in having both male and female parts, only the anthers or pistils are functional in a single plant (:'cryptically dioecious').[2]

Cultivation

B. globosa was first introduced to the United Kingdom from Chile in 1774, and is now commonly grown as an ornamental and landscape shrub in temperate regions. Unlike B. davidii, introduced over a century later, B. globosa is not invasive owing to its wingless seeds.[2] Hardiness: USDA zones 5–9, RHS H5.[4]

Cultivars

Hybrids and hybrid cultivars

B. globosa was hybridized with B. davidii var. magnifica by van de Weyer at Corfe Castle, England, during the First World War, the first cross between an Asiatic and an American species. The F2, rather than F1, generation are named × weyeriana; there are several popular cultivars, notably 'Sungold'.[2]

Uses

Folk medicine attributes to B. globosa wound healing properties, and the infusion of the leaves is used topically for the treatment or wounds, burns and external and internal ulcers. Chemical studies of this species have allowed to isolate glycosidic flavonoids,[5] phenylethanoids including verbascoside,[6] iridoids,[7] triterpenoids,[8] di and sesquiterpenoid s.[9][10]

References

  1. ↑ "BSBI List 2007". Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-02-25. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Norman, E. M. (2000). Buddlejaceae. Flora Neotropica 81. New York Botanical Garden, USA
  3. ↑ Hope, J. (1782). Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Weetensch. Haarlem 20(2): 417-418. t.11. 1782.
  4. 1 2 Stuart, D. (2006). Buddlejas. Plant Collector Guide. Timber Press, Oregon, USA. ISBN 978-0-88192-688-0
  5. ↑ Marín et al., 1979
  6. ↑ Pardo F, Perich F, Villarroel L, Torres R (August 1993). "Isolation of verbascoside, an antimicrobial constituent of Buddleja globosa leaves". J Ethnopharmacol. 39 (3): 221–222. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(93)90041-3. PMID 8258981.
  7. ↑ Houghton y Hikino, 1989
  8. ↑ López et al., 1979
  9. ↑ Houghton et al., 1996
  10. ↑ Liao et al., 1999
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