Charles Fellows
Sir Charles Fellows (August, 1799 – 8 November 1860) was a British archaeologist.
Biography
Fellows was born at Nottingham, where his family had an estate. When fourteen he drew sketches to illustrate a trip to the ruins of Newstead Abbey, which afterwards appeared on the title-page of Moore's Life of Lord Byron. In 1820 he settled in London, where he became an active member of the British Association. In 1827 he discovered the modern ascent of Mont Blanc. After the death of his mother in 1832 he passed the greater portion of his time in Italy, Greece and the Levant. The numerous sketches he executed were largely used in illustrating Childe Harold.
In 1838 he went to Asia Minor, making Smyrna his headquarters. His explorations in the interior and the south led him to districts practically unknown to Europeans, and he thus discovered ruins of a number of ancient cities. He entered Lycia and explored the Xanthus from the mouth at Patara upwards. Nine miles from Patara he discovered the ruins of Xanthus, the ancient capital of Lycia, finely situated on hills, and abounding in magnificent remains. About 15 miles farther up he came upon the ruins of Tlos. After taking sketches of the most interesting objects and copying a number of inscriptions, he returned to Smyrna through Caria and Lydia. The publication in 1839 of A Journal written during an Excursion in Asia Minor roused such interest that Lord Palmerston, at the request of the British Museum authorities, asked the British consul at Constantinople to obtain a firman from the sultan to export a number of the Lycian works of art to England.[2]
British Museum expedition to Lycia
Having obtained the firman, Fellows, under the auspices of the British Museum, again set out for Lycia in late 1839. He was accompanied by the painter George Scharf, who assisted him by sketching the expedition.This second visit resulted in the discovery of thirteen ancient cities, chief among them Xanthos. He made a further trip in 1841.
Fellows led the archaeological excavation of Xanthos and other Lycian cities in Asia Minor and shipped an enormous amount of antique monuments to England, where they may be seen today in the halls of the British Museum. They include reliefs from the Harpy Tomb and the Nereid Monument, amongst many others.
In 1841, he published An Account of Discoveries in Lycia, being a Journal kept during a Second Excursion in Asia Minor. Three years later he presented to the British Museum his portfolios, accounts of his expeditions, and specimens of natural history illustrative of Lycia. In 1845, he was knighted as an acknowledgment of his services in the removal of the Xanthian antiquities to Britain. Interestingly, Fellows paid his own expenses in all his journeys and received no financial reward for his endeavours.
Personal life
Fellows was married twice.
He died in London in 1860 and was buried in Highgate Cemetery.
Works
In addition to the works above mentioned, Fellows published the following: The Xanthian Marbles; their Acquisition and Transmission to England (1843), a refutation of false statements that had been published; An Account of the Ionic Trophy Monument excavated at Xanthus (1848); a cheap edition of his two Journals, entitled Travels and Researches in Asia Minor, particularly in the Province of Lycia (1852); and Coins of Ancient Lycia before the Reign of Alexander; with an Essay on the Relative Dates of the Lycian Monuments in the British Museum (1855).[2]
References
- ↑ Charles Fellows, National Portrait Gallery, accessed June 2010
- 1 2
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Fellows, Sir Charles". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- Brown, C. (1882). "Sir Charles Fellows". Lives of Nottinghamshire Worthies. pp. 352–353.
- Journal of the Royal Geographic Society, 1861.
- Slatter, E., Xanthus, Travels of discoveries in Turkey, The Rubicon Press, London, 1990