Chenogne massacre

Chenogne Massacre
Location near Chenogne
Coordinates 49°59′31″N 5°37′05″E / 49.992°N 5.618°E / 49.992; 5.618Coordinates: 49°59′31″N 5°37′05″E / 49.992°N 5.618°E / 49.992; 5.618
Date January 1, 1945
Attack type
 Mass murder
Deaths 60 Wehrmacht soldiers

The Chenogne massacre is the killing of Wehrmacht prisoners by American troops near the village of Chenogne, Belgium, on January 1, 1945. The massacre was carried out shortly after Malmedy when captured American soldiers were gunned down by members of the Waffen SS. It was one of several war crimes that took place during the Battle of Bulge involving the Allies and Axis forces.

The events were covered up at the time and none of the perpetrators were punished. Post war historians believe the killings were based on senior commanders given verbal orders that "no prisoners were to be taken".[1]

Background

On December 17, 1944, during the Battle of the Bulge, soldiers from the Waffen-SS gunned down 80 American prisoners at the Baugnez crossroads near the town of Malmedy. When news of the killings spread among American forces, it aroused great anger among front line troops. One American unit issued orders: "No SS troops or paratroopers will be taken prisoners but will be shot on sight."[2][3]

Eyewitness

John Fague of B Company, 21st Armored Infantry Battalion (of the 11th Armored Division), in action near Chenogne described United States troops killing of German prisoners:

Some of the boys had some prisoners line up. I knew they were going to shoot them, and I hated this business.... They marched the prisoners back up the hill to murder them with the rest of the prisoners we had secured that morning.... As we were going up the hill out of town, I know some of our boys were lining up German prisoners in the fields on both sides of the road. There must have been 25 or 30 German boys in each group. Machine guns were being set up. These boys were to be machine gunned and murdered. We were committing the same crimes we were now accusing the Japs and Germans of doing.... Going back down the road into town I looked into the fields where the German boys had been shot. Dark lifeless forms lay in the snow.[4]

Cover up

The official post-war history published by the United States government states that while "it is probable that Germans who attempted to surrender in the days immediately after the 17th ran a greater risk" of being killed than earlier in the year, even so, "there is no evidence... that American troops took advantage of orders, implicit or explicit, to kill their SS prisoners."[5] However, according to George Henry Bennett and referring to the above statement; "The caveat is a little disingenuous", and he proceeds to note that it is likely the orders to shoot prisoners (given by the 328th Infantry regiment) were carried out, and that other US regiments were likely also given similar orders.[6] But the killing of SS prisoners had become routine at the time for some units. The 90th Infantry Division at the Saar "executed Waffen-SS prisoners in such a systematic manner late in December 1944 that headquarters had to issue express orders to take Waffen-SS soldiers alive so as to be able to obtain information from them".[7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Sorge, Martin K. (1986-07-23). The Other Price of Hitler's War : German Military and Civilian Losses Resulting From World War II. Greenwood Press. p. 147. ISBN 0-313-25293-9.
  2. ↑ Cole, Hugh M. (1965). "Footnote Chapter XI. The 1st SS Panzer Division's Dash Westward, and Operation Greif". The Ardennes : Battle of the Bulge. Washington, D.C., United States: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. pp. 261–264. LCCN 65060001. Retrieved 2006-06-03.
  3. ↑ Gallagher, Richard (1964-01-01). The Malmedy Massacre. New York: Paperback Library. Retrieved 2006-06-03.This incident described was from the writing of John Fague.
  4. ↑ Fague, John (2006). "B Company 21st AIB". Thunderbolt Unit Histories. The 11th Armored Division Association. Retrieved 2006-06-03.
  5. ↑ Cole, Hugh M. (1965). "Chapter XI. The 1st SS Panzer Division's Dash Westward, and Operation Greif". The Ardennes : Battle of the Bulge. Washington, D.C., United States: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. pp. 261–264. LCCN 65060001. Retrieved 2006-06-03.
  6. ↑ Bennett, G. H. (2007). Destination Normandy : three American regiments on D-Day. Westport, Conn: Praeger Security International. ISBN 9780275990947. p.78
  7. ↑ Schrijvers, Peter. The Crash of Ruin: American Combat Soldiers in Europe During World War II. pp. 79–80.
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