Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)

Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)

Identifiers
CAS Number	14243-64-2
Properties
Chemical formula	C18H15AuClP
Molar mass	494.71 g·mol^−1
Appearance	Colorless solid
Melting point	236–237 °C (457–459 °F; 509–510 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I) is the coordination complex with the formula (Ph₃P)AuCl. This colorless solid is the complex of triphenylphosphine and gold(I) chloride.

Preparation and structure

The complex is prepared by reducing chloroauric acid with triphenylphosphine in 95% ethanol:^[1]

HAuCl₄ + H₂O + 2 PPh₃ → (Ph₃P)AuCl + Ph₃PO + 3 HCl

The complex adopts a linear coordination geometry, which is typical of most gold(I) compounds. ^[2] It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁ with a = 12.300(4) Å, b = 13.084(4) Å, c = 10.170(3) Å with Z = 4 formula units per unit cell. ^[3]

Reactivity

It is a common reagent in gold chemistry. Many related gold complexes (often incorrectly called salts) can be prepared including the trifluoromethanesulfonate and the nitrate.^[4]

Triphenylphosphine gold triflate (Ph₃PAuOTf) catalyzes certain rearrangement reactions in organic synthesis.

Reaction scheme of Au(I) and Au(III) organometallic compounds, with (Ph₃P)AuCl as the precursor.

References

1. Pierre Braunstein, Hans Lehner, Dominique Matt "A Platinum-Gold Cluster: Chloro-¹κ^Cl-Bis(Triethylphosphine-¹κ^P)Bis(Triphenyl- Phosphine)-2κP, 3κP-Triangulo- Digold-Platinum(1 +) Trifluoromethanesulfonate" Inorganic Syntheses, 1990, Volume 27, Pages 218–221. doi: 10.1002/9780470132586.ch42
2. Baenziger, N. C.; Bennett, W. E.; Soborofe, D. M. (1976). "Chloro(triphenylphosphine)gold(I)". Acta Crystallographica Section B. 32 (3): 962. doi:10.1107/S0567740876004330.
3. Borissova, Alexandra O.; Korlyukov, Alexander A.; Antipin, Mikhail Yu.; Lyssenko, Konstantin A. (2008). "Estimation of Dissociation Energy in Donor−Acceptor Complex AuCl·PPh3via Topological Analysis of the Experimental Electron Density Distribution Function". The Journal of Physical Chemistry A. 112 (46): 11519–22. doi:10.1021/jp807258d. PMID 18959385.
4. A. M. Mueting, B. D. Alexander, P. D. Boyle, A. L. Casalnuovo, L. N. Ito, B. J. Johnson, L. H. Pignolet "Mixed-Metal-Gold Phosphine Cluster Compounds" Inorganic Syntheses, 1992, Volume 29, Pages 279–298, 2007. doi:10.1002/9780470132609.ch63