Chromodoris
| Chromodoris | |
|---|---|
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| Chromodoris lochi | |
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| Chromodoris joshi in the Komodo National Park | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| (unranked): | clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Nudipleura clade Nudibranchia |
| Superfamily: | Doridoidea |
| Family: | Chromodorididae |
| Genus: | Chromodoris Alder & Hancock, 1855[1] |
| Type species | |
| Doris magnifica Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 | |
| Species | |
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| |
| Synonyms | |
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Actinodoris Ehrenberg, 1831 (Invalid: Placed on the Official Index by ICZN Opinion 1375) | |
Chromodoris is a genus of very colourful sea slugs or dorid nudibranchs, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Chromodorididae.[2] A molecular phylogeny of the family Chromodorididae resulted in this genus being restricted to a smaller number of species than formerly, most of which have longitudinal black lines on the mantle. Many former members of Chromodoris were transferred to Goniobranchus.[3]
Species
Species in the genus Chromodoris include:
- Chromodoris africana Eliot, 1904
- Chromodoris aila Er. Marcus, 1961
- Chromodoris albolimbata Bergh, 1907
- Chromodoris albonotata Bergh, 1875
- Chromodoris alternata Burn, 1957
- Chromodoris ambigua Rudman, 1987
- Chromodoris annae Bergh, 1877
- Chromodoris aspersa Gould, 1852
- Chromodoris barnardi (Collingwood, 1868)
- Chromodoris bimaensis Bergh, 1905
- Chromodoris boucheti Rudman, 1982
- Chromodoris briqua Marcus & Burch, 1965
- Chromodoris buchananae Gosliner & Behrens, 2000
- Chromodoris burni Rudman, 1982
- Chromodoris camoena Bergh, 1879
- Chromodoris cardinalis Bergh, 1880
- Chromodoris colemani Rudman, 1982
- Chromodoris dianae Gosliner & Behrens, 1998
- Chromodoris dictya Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970
- Chromodoris elisabethina Bergh, 1877
- Chromodoris euelpis Bergh, 1907
- Chromodoris fentoni Valdés, Gatdula, Sheridan & Herrera, 2011
- Chromodoris grahami Thompson, 1980
- Chromodoris hamiltoni Rudman, 1977
- Chromodoris inconspicua Eliot, 1904
- Chromodoris inopinata Bergh, 1905
- Chromodoris joshi Gosliner & Behrens, 1998
- Chromodoris kuiteri Rudman, 1982
- Chromodoris lapinigensis Bergh, 1879
- Chromodoris lata Risbec, 1928
- Chromodoris lentiginosa Pease, 1871
- Chromodoris lineolata Hasselt, 1824
- Chromodoris lochi Rudman, 1982
- Chromodoris magnifica Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 : Type species.
- Chromodoris mandapamensis Valdes, Mollo, & Ortea, 1999
- Chromodoris mariana Bergh, 1890
- Chromodoris marpessa Bergh, 1905
- Chromodoris michaeli Gosliner & Behrens, 1998
- Chromodoris nodulosa Bergh, 1905
- Chromodoris nona (Baba, 1953)
- Chromodoris ophthalmica Bergh, 1905
- Chromodoris orientalis Rudman, 1983
- Chromodoris pantharella Bergh, 1879
- Chromodoris papulosa Bergh, 1905
- Chromodoris paulomarcioi Dominguez, Garcia & Troncoso, 2006
- Chromodoris paupera Bergh, 1877
- Chromodoris perola Ev. Marcus, 1976
- Chromodoris porcata Bergh, 1889
- Chromodoris pustulans Bergh, 1877
- Chromodoris quadricolor Rueppell & Leuckart, 1828
- Chromodoris roseopicta Verrill, 1900
- Chromodoris rudolphi Bergh, 1880
- Chromodoris splendens Eliot, 1904
- Chromodoris striatella Bergh, 1877
- Chromodoris strigata Rudman, 1982
- Chromodoris tenuilinearis Farran, 1905
- Chromodoris tenuis Collingwood, 1881
- Chromodoris thompsoni Rudman, 1983
- Chromodoris trouilloti Risbec, 1928
- Chromodoris venusta Bergh, 1905
- Chromodoris virginea Bergh, 1877
- Chromodoris westraliensis O'Donoghue, 1924
- Chromodoris willani Rudman, 1982
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- Synonyms
- Chromodoris albonares Rudman, 1990: synonym of Goniobranchus albonares (Rudman, 1990)
- Chromodoris albopunctata Garrett, 1879: synonym of Goniobranchus albopunctatus Garrett, 1879
- Chromodoris albopustulosa Pease, 1860: synonym of Goniobranchus albopustulosus (Pease, 1860)
- Chromodoris alius Rudman, 1987: synonym of Goniobranchus alius (Rudman, 1987)
- Chromodoris agassizii: synonym of Felimare agassizii (Bergh, 1894)
- Chromodoris annulata Eliot, 1904: synonym of Goniobranchus annulatus (Eliot, 1904)
- Chromodoris antonii: synonym of Mexichromis antonii (Bertsch, 1976)
- Chromodoris aureomarginata Cheeseman, 1881: synonym of Goniobranchus aureomarginatus (Cheeseman, 1881)
- Chromodoris aureopurpurea Collingwood, 1881: synonym of Goniobranchus aureopurpureus (Collingwood, 1881)
- Chromodoris aurigera Rudman, 1990: synonym of Goniobranchus aurigerus (Rudman, 1990)
- Chromodoris australis: synonym of Thorunna australis (Risbec, 1928)
- Chromodoris banksi: synonym of Glossodoris dalli (Bergh, 1879)
- Chromodoris baumanni Bertsch, 1970: synonym of Glossodoris baumanni (Bertsch, 1970)
- Chromodoris bennetti: synonym of Hypselodoris bennetti (Angas, 1864)
- Chromodoris binza Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1963: synonym of Felimida binza (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1963)
- Chromodoris bistellata: synonym of Aphelodoris antillensis
- Chromodoris britoi Ortea & Pérez, 1983: synonym of Felimida britoi (Ortea & Perez, 1983)
- Chromodoris bullocki: synonym of Hypselodoris bullocki
- Chromodoris californiensis: synonym of Hypselodoris californiensis
- Chromodoris cantrainii Bergh, 1879: synonym of Felimare picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)
- Chromodoris carnea: synonym of Hypselodoris carnea
- Chromodoris cazae Gosliner & Behrens, 2004: synonym of Goniobranchus cazae (Gosliner & Behrens, 2004)
- Chromodoris charlottae Schrödl, 1999: synonym of Goniobranchus charlottae (Schrödl, 1999)
- Chromodoris clenchi Russell, 1935 - the harlequin blue doris: synonym of Felimida clenchi (Russell, 1935)
- Chromodoris clitonota Bergh, 1905: synonym of Durvilledoris lemniscata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
- Chromodoris coi Risbec, 1956: synonym of Goniobranchus coi (Risbec, 1956)
- Chromodoris collingwoodi Rudman, 1987: synonym of Goniobranchus collingwoodi (Rudman, 1987)
- Chromodoris conchyliata Yonow, 1984: synonym of Goniobranchus conchyliatus (Yonow, 1984)
- Chromodoris dalli: synonym of Glossodoris dalli (Bergh, 1879)
- Chromodoris daphne Angas, 1864: synonym of Goniobranchus daphne (Angas, 1864)
- Chromodoris decora Pease, 1860: synonym of Goniobranchus decorus (Pease, 1860)
- Chromodoris dollfusi: synonym of Hypselodoris dollfusi
- Chromodoris elegans (Cantraine, 1835): synonym of Felimare picta (Schultz in Philippi, 1836)
- Chromodoris elegantula Philippi, 1844: synonym of Felimida elegantula (Philippi, 1844)
- Chromodoris epicuria Basedow & Hedley, 1905: synonym of Goniobranchus epicurius (Basedow & Hedley, 1905)
- Chromodoris festiva: synonym of Mexichromis festiva (Angas, 1864)
- Chromodoris fidelis Kelaart, 1858: synonym of Goniobranchus fidelis (Kelaart, 1858)
- Chromodoris flava: synonym of Diversidoris flava (Eliot, 1904)
- Chromodoris francoisae: synonym of Mexichromis francoisae (Bouchet, 1980)
- Chromodoris galactos Rudman & Johnson in Rudman, 1985: synonym of Goniobranchus galactos (Rudman & S. Johnson, 1985)
- Chromodoris galexorum Bertsch, 1978: synonym of Felimida galexorum (Bertsch, 1978)
- Chromodoris geminus Rudman, 1987: synonym of Goniobranchus geminus (Rudman, 1987)
- Chromodoris geometrica Risbec, 1928: synonym of Goniobranchus geometricus (Risbec, 1928)
- Chromodoris ghanensis: synonym of Glossodoris ghanensis
- Chromodoris ghardagana [sic]: synonym of Hypselodoris ghardaqana (Gohar & Aboul-Ela, 1957)
- Chromodoris gleniei Kelaart, 1858: synonym of Goniobranchus gleniei (Kelaart, 1858)
- Chromodoris godeffroyana: synonym of Risbecia godeffroyana
- Chromodoris goslineri Ortea & Valdés in Ortea, Valdés & Garcia Gómez, 1996: synonym of Felimida goslineri (Ortea & Valdés, 1996)
- Chromodoris haliclona: synonym of Noumea haliclona
- Chromodoris heatherae Gosliner, 1994 - Red-spotted nudibranch: synonym of Goniobranchus heatherae (Gosliner, 1994)
- Chromodoris hintuanensis Gosliner & Behrens, 1998: synonym of Goniobranchus hintuanensis (Gosliner & Behrens, 1998)
- Chromodoris hunterae Rudman, 1983: synonym of Goniobranchus hunterae (Rudman, 1983)
- Chromodoris imperialis: synonym of Risbecia imperialis (Pease, 1860)
- Chromodoris kempfi: synonym of Mexichromis kempfi
- Chromodoris kitae Gosliner, 1994: synonym of Goniobranchus kitae (Gosliner, 1994)
- Chromodoris kpone Edmunds, 1981: synonym of Felimida kpone (Edmunds, 1981)
- Chromodoris krohni Vérany, 1846: synonym of Felimida krohni (Vérany, 1846)
- Chromodoris kuniei Pruvot-Fol, 1930: synonym of Goniobranchus kuniei (Pruvot-Fol, 1930)
- Chromodoris lekker Gosliner, 1994: synonym of Goniobranchus lekker (Gosliner, 1994)
- Chromodoris lemniscata: synonym of Durvilledoris lemniscata
- Chromodoris leopardus: synonym of Goniobranchus leopardus Rudman, 1987
- Chromodoris lilacina (Gould, 1852): synonym of Tayuva lilacina (Gould, 1852)
- Chromodoris lineata nigrolineata: synonym of Hypselodoris nigrolineata
- Chromodoris loringi Angas, 1864: synonym of Goniobranchus loringi (Angas, 1864)
- Chromodoris luteopunctata Gantes, 1962: synonym of Felimida luteopunctata (Gantès, 1962)
- Chromodoris luteorosea Rapp, 1827: synonym of Felimida luteorosea (Rapp, 1827)
- Chromodoris macfarlandi Cockerell, 1901 - Three-stripe doris: synonym of Felimida macfarlandi (Cockerell, 1901)
- Chromodoris maculosa: synonym of Hypselodoris maculosa
- Chromodoris marenzelleri Bergh, 1888: synonym of Hypselodoris festiva (A. Adams, 1861)
- Chromodoris mariei: synonym of Mexichromis mariei
- Chromodoris marislae Bertsch in Bertsch, Ferreira, Farmer, & Hayes, 1973: synonym of Felimida marislae (Bertsch, 1973)
- Chromodoris maritimais a: synonym of Hypselodoris maritima
- Chromodoris multimaculosa Rudman, 1987: synonym of Goniobranchus multimaculosus (Rudman, 1987)
- Chromodoris naiki Valdes, Mollo, & Ortea, 1999: synonym of Goniobranchus naiki (Valdés, Mollo & Ortea, 1999)
- Chromodoris neona Marcus, 1955: synonym of Felimida neona (Er. Marcus, 1955)
- Chromodoris nigrostriata a: synonym of Hypselodoris nigrostriata
- Chromodoris norrisi Farmer, 1963: synonym of Felimida norrisi (Farmer, 1963)
- Chromodoris nyalya: synonym of Hypselodoris nyalya (Ev. Marcus & Er. Marcus, 1967)
- Chromodoris obsoleta Rüppell & Leuckart, 1831: synonym of Goniobranchus obsoletus (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1831)
- Chromodoris orsinii: synonym of Felimare orsinii
- Chromodoris peasei: synonym of Hypselodoris peasei
- Chromodoris perplexa: synonym of Digidentis perplexa
- Chromodoris petechialis Gould, 1852: synonym of Goniobranchus petechialis (Gould, 1852)
- Chromodoris placida: synonym of Hypselodoris placida
- Chromodoris porterae: synonym of Mexichromis porterae
- Chromodoris ponga Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970: synonym of Felimida ponga (Er. Marcus & Ev. Marcus, 1970)
- Chromodoris preciosa Kelaart, 1858: synonym of Goniobranchus preciosus (Kelaart, 1858)
- Chromodoris purpurea Risso in Guerin, 1831: synonym of Felimida purpurea (Risso in Guérin, 1831)
- Chromodoris pusilla: synonym of Durvilledoris pusilla
- Chromodoris regalis Ortea, Caballer & Moro, 2001: synonym of Felimida regalis (Ortea, Caballer & Moro, 2001)
- Chromodoris reticulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832) : synonym of Goniobranchus reticulatus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
- Chromodoris roboi Gosliner & Behrens, 1998: synonym of Goniobranchus roboi (Gosliner & Behrens, 1998)
- Chromodoris rodomaculata Ortea & Valdés, 1991: synonym of Felimida rodomaculata (Ortea & Valdés, 1992)
- Chromodoris rolani Ortea, 1988: synonym of Felimida rolani (Ortea, 1988)
- Chromodoris rosans Bergh, 1889: synonym of Hypselodoris rosans (Bergh, 1889)
- Chromodoris rubrocornuta Rudman, 1985: synonym of Goniobranchus rubrocornutus (Rudman, 1985)
- Chromodoris rufomaculata Pease, 1871: synonym of Goniobranchus rufomaculatus (Pease, 1871)
- Chromodoris rufomarginata (Bergh, 1890): synonym of Glossodoris rufomarginata (Bergh, 1890)
- Chromodoris runcinata Bergh, 1877: synonym of Hypselodoris infucata (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1831)
- Chromodoris ruzafai Ortea, Bacallado, & Valdes, 1992: synonym of Felimida ruzafai (Ortea, Bacallado & Valdés, 1992)
- Chromodoris saintvincentius: synonym of Hypselodoris saintvincentius
- Chromodoris sedna: synonym of Glossodoris sedna
- Chromodoris semperi nigrostriata: synonym of Hypselodoris nigrostriata
- Chromodoris sibogae: synonym of Glossodoris sibogae
- Chromodoris sinensis Rudman, 1985: synonym of Goniobranchus sinensis (Rudman, 1985)
- Chromodoris socorroensis Behrens, Gosliner & Hermosillo, 2009: synonym of Felimida socorroensis (Behrens, Gosliner & Hermosillo, 2009)
- Chromodoris sonora: synonym of Glossodoris dalli
- Chromodoris sphoni Marcus, 1971: synonym of Felimida sphoni Ev. Marcus, 1971
- Chromodoris splendida: synonym of Goniobranchus splendidus Angas, 1864
- Chromodoris tasmaniensis Bergh, 1905: synonym of Goniobranchus tasmaniensis (Bergh, 1905)
- Chromodoris tennentana Kelaart, 1859 -: synonyms: Chromodoris cavae Eliot, 1904; Chromodoris vicina: synonym of Goniobranchus tennentanus (Kelaart, 1859)
- Chromodoris tinctoria Rüppell & Leuckart, 1831 -: synonyms: Chromodoris alderi, Chromodoris reticulata: synonym of Goniobranchus tinctorius (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828)
- Chromodoris tricolor: synonym of Hypselodoris tricolor
- Chromodoris trimarginata Winckworth, 1946: synonym of Goniobranchus trimarginatus (Winckworth, 1946)
- Chromodoris tritos Yonow, 1994: synonym of Goniobranchus tritos (Yonow, 1994)
- Chromodoris tryoni: synonym of Risbecia tryoni
- Chromodoris tumulifera Collingwood, 1881: synonym of Goniobranchus tumuliferus (Collingwood, 1881)
- Chromodoris tura: synonym of Mexichromis tura
- Chromodoris varians: synonym of Noumea varians
- Chromodoris verrieri Crosse, 1875: synonym of Goniobranchus verrieri (Crosse, 1875)
- Chromodoris vibrata Pease, 1860: synonym of Goniobranchus vibratus (Pease, 1860)
- Chromodoris villafranca: synonym of Felimare villafranca
- Chromodoris westralensis [sic]: synonym of Chromodoris westraliensis (O'Donoghue, 1924)
- Chromodoris woodwardi Rudman, 1983: synonym of Goniobranchus woodwardae (Rudman, 1983)
- Chromodoris youngbleuthi: synonym of Glossodoris rufomarginata
- Chromodoris zebra: synonym of Felimare zebra
- Chromodoris zebrina: synonym of Hypselodoris zebrina
References
- SEM images of the radula can be found at Thompson; Bebbington (1973). "Scanning electron microscope studies of gastropod radulae". Malacologia. 14: 147–165.
- ↑ Alder J. & Hancock A. (1855). A monograph of the British nudibranchiate Mollusca: with figures of all the species. The Ray Society, London. Part 7, Appendix xvii.
- ↑ Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Chromodoris Alder & Hancock, 1855. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species on 21 July 2012
- ↑ Johnson R.F. & Gosliner T.M. (2012) Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33479
- Rudman W.B. (1977) Chromodorid opisthobranch Mollusca from East Africa and the tropical West Pacific. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 61: 351-397
- Rudman W.B. (1984) The Chromodorididae (Opisthobranchia: Mollusca) of the Indo-West Pacific: a review of the genera. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 81 (2/3): 115-273 page(s): 130
- Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
- Rudman W.B. & Darvell B.W. (1990) Opisthobranch molluscs of Hong Kong: Part 1. Goniodorididae, Onchidorididae, Triophidae, Gymnodorididae, Chromodorididae (Nudibranchia). Asian Marine Biology 7: 31-79 page(s): 55
- Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
- Johnson R.F. & Gosliner T.M. (2012) Traditional taxonomic groupings mask evolutionary history: A molecular phylogeny and new classification of the chromodorid nudibranchs. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33479
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