Clionella

Clionella
Clionella sinuata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Clade:	Caenogastropoda
Clade:	Hypsogastropoda
Clade:	Neogastropoda
Superfamily:	Conoidea
Family:	Clavatulidae
Genus:	Clionella Gray, 1847
Type species
Buccinum sinuatum Born, 1778 Born, 1778
Synonyms
Melatoma Swainson, 1840

Clionella is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clavatulidae.^[1][2]

Description

The shell of the species in this genus is narrowly bucciniform and turriculated. The protoconch is somewhat conical, containing 2 whorls. The whorls are somewhat flattened, longitudinally ribbed with long, flexuous ribs, and have a thick epidermis. The ribs lack subsutural or peripheral processes. The spire of the shell is elevated. The body whorl is truncated. The siphonal canal is scarcely indicated at the broad base of the aperture. The anal sinus is very shallow. The lip has a small infrasutural anal sinus with no distinct parietal tubercle. The operculum has a lateral nucleus. The foot is short, broad, and rounded behind.The eyes are located near the tip of the tentacles. Radula formula (1-1-1),^[3][4]

Distribution

This marine genus mainly occurs off South Africa.

Species

Species within the genus Clionella include:

• Clionella aglaophanes (Watson, 1882)^[5]
• Clionella bornii (E.A. Smith, 1877)^[6]
• Clionella confusa Smith E. A., 1906^[7]
• Clionella costata (Swainson, 1840)^[8]
• Clionella halistrepta (Bartsch, 1915)^[9]
• Clionella kraussii (E.A. Smith, 1877)^[10]
• Clionella liltvedi Kilburn, 1985^[11]
• Clionella lobatopsis (Barnard, 1963)^[12]
• Clionella rosaria (Reeve, 1846)^[13]
• Clionella semicostata (Kiener, 1840)^[14]
• Clionella sinuata (Born, 1778)^[15]
• Clionella striolata Turton, 1932^[16]
• Clionella subcontracta (E.A. Smith, 1904)^[17]
• Clionella subventricosa (E.A. Smith, 1877)^[18]
• Clionella vilma (Thiele, 1925)^[19]

Species brought into synonymy

• Clionella amblia R.B. Watson, 1882: synonym of Inodrillia nucleata (Dall, 1881)
• Clionella assimilans Turton, 1932; synonym of Clavatula tripartita (Weinkauff, 1876)
• Clionella bipartita E.A. Smith, 1877: synonym of Clavatula tripartita (Weinkauff, H.C. & W. Kobelt, 1876)
• Clionella conspicienda Locard, 1897: synonym of Belomitra quadruplex (Watson, 1882)
• Clionella delicatulina Locard, 1897: synonym of Belomitra quadruplex (Watson, 1882)
• Clionella gravis (Hinds, 1843):^[20] synonym of Makiyamaia gravis (Hinds, 1843)
• Clionella kowiensis Turton, 1932: synonym of Clionella rosaria (Reeve, 1846)
• Clionella kowiensis viridis Turton, 1932: synonym of Clionella kowiensis Turton, 1932, synonym of Clionella rosaria (Reeve, 1846)
• Clionella krausii (E. A. Smith, 1877): synonym of Clionella kraussii (E.A. Smith, 1877)
• Clionella nereia Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Clionella rosaria (Reeve, 1846)
• Clionella proxima Turton, 1932: synonym of Clionella rosaria (Reeve, 1846)
• Clionella quadruplex (Watson, 1882) : synonym of Belomitra quadruplex (Watson, 1882)
• Clionella sinuatum (Born, 1778): synonym of Clionella sinuata (Born, 1778)
• Clionella sybaritica Bartsch, 1915: synonym of Clionella rosaria (Reeve, 1846)
• Clionella taxea (Röding, 1798): synonym of Clavatula taxea (Röding, 1798)
• Clionella tripartita (Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1876): synonym of Clavatula tripartita (Weinkauff, 1876)

References

1. Clionella Gray, 1847.  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
2. P. Bouchet; Yu. I. Kantor; A. Sysoev; N. Puillandre (2011). "A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda)". Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77 (3): 273–308. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyr017.
3. George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI, p. 158; 1884
4. .Rolàn et al., Notes on West African Perrona (Gastropoda : Clavatulidae), with the description of a new species; Iberus : revista de la Sociedad Española de Malacología v.26 (1), (2008)
5. Clionella aglaophanes (Watson, 1882).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
6. Clionella bornii (E.A. Smith, 1877).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
7. Clionella confusa Smith E. A., 1906.  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
8. Clionella costata (Swainson, 1840).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
9. Clionella halistrepta (Bartsch, 1915).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
10. Clionella kraussii (E.A. Smith, 1877).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
11. Clionella liltvedi Kilburn, 1985.  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
12. Clionella lobatopsis (Barnard, 1963).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
13. Clionella rosaria (Reeve, 1846).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
14. Clionella semicostata (Kiener, 1840).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
15. Clionella sinuata (Born, 1778).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
16. Clionella striolata Turton, 1932.  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
17. Clionella subcontracta (E.A. Smith, 1904).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
18. Clionella subventricosa (E.A. Smith, 1877).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
19. Clionella vilma (Thiele, 1925).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.
20. Clionella gravis (Hinds, 1843).  Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 April 2010.

External links

• K.H. Barnard, Contribution to the knowledge of South African marine Mollusca. Part 1. Gastropoda; Prosobranchiata: Toxoglossa; Annals of The South African Museum, vol. 44 p. 73 -163