Comparison of Linux distributions
Technical variations of Linux distributions include support for different hardware devices and systems or software package configurations. Organizational differences may be motivated by historical reasons. Other criteria include security, including how quickly security upgrades are available; ease of package management; and number of packages available.
These tables compare each active and noteworthy distribution's latest stable release on wide-ranging objective criteria. It does not cover each operating system's subjective merits, branches marked as unstable or beta, nor compare Linux distributions with other operating systems.
General
Basic general information about the distributions: creator or producer, release date, the latest version, and such. References are not added here but can be found in respective articles.
Linux distributions endorsed by the Free Software Foundation[1] are marked 100% Free under the System distribution commitment column.
Distribution | Founder | Maintainer | Initial release year | Current stable version | Security updates (years) | Release date | System distribution commitment | Forked from | Target audience | Cost | Status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alpine Linux | Alpine Linux Team | Alpine Linux Team | 2006 | 3.4.0 | ? | 2016-05-31[2] | X | – | security, lightweight, general | Gratis | Active |
ALT Linux | ALT Linux Team | ALT Linux Team, ALT Linux LLC | 2001 | 7.0 | ? | 2013-07-10[3] | X | Mandriva Linux | general, school | Gratis | Active |
antiX | Anticapitalista | Anticapitalista | 2007 | 15.1 | ? | 2016-02-19[4] | X | Debian - MEPIS | old computers | Gratis | Active |
ArchBang | Willensky Aristide | Stan McLaren | 2010 | Rolling | Rolling | ? | X | Arch Linux | general | Gratis | Active |
Arch Linux | Judd Vinet | dev team | 2002 | Rolling | Rolling | ? | X | – | general | Gratis | Active |
BLAG | Brixton Linux Action Group | Brixton Linux Action Group | 2002 | 140k | ? | 2011-05-04 | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | Fedora | desktop | Gratis | Inactive |
Bodhi Linux | Bodhi Linux Team | Bodhi Linux Team | 2011 | 3.2.1 | ? | 2016-05-13[5] | X | Debian, Ubuntu | desktop | Gratis | Active |
CentOS | CentOS Project | CentOS Project | 2003 | 7.2-1511 | 10 years | 2015-12-14[6] | X | Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) | server, workstation | Gratis | Active |
Chakra | Jan Mette and Arch Linux KDEmod developers | The Chakra Project Team | 2010 | Rolling | Rolling | ? | X | Arch Linux[7] | desktop | Gratis | Active |
Chromium OS | ? | ? | 2009 | ? | ? | ? | X | Chrome OS | web applications | Gratis | Active |
ClearOS | Peter Baldwin | ClearFoundation | 2000 | 6.5.0 | ? | 2013-12-20 | X | RHEL, CentOS | server, gateway, network | Gratis | Active |
CrunchBang Linux | Philip Newborough | Philip Newborough | 2008 | 11 | ? | 2013-05-06[8] | X | Debian | desktop | Gratis | Inactive |
Damn Small Linux | John Andrews | dev team | 2003 | 4.4.10 | ? | 2008-11-18[9] | X | Debian, Knoppix | portable, lightweight | Gratis | Active |
Debian | Ian Murdock | Debian Project | 1993 | 8.6 | ~3 years[g 1] | 2016-09-17[10] | Debian Social Contract and DFSG | – | general, server, desktop | Gratis | Active |
Debian Edu | Debian Project | 2004 | 8.0+edu0 | ~3 years[g 1] | 2016-07-03[11] | Debian Social Contract and DFSG | – | schools | Gratis | Active | |
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre | Matias A. Fonzo | Matias A. Fonzo | 2009 | 2.2 | ? | 2012-04-21 | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | Independent, inspired from Slackware | general | Gratis | Active |
dyne:bolic | Jaromil | Jaromil | 2005 | 3.0.0 | ? | 2011-09-08 | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | Debian | multimedia | Gratis | Inactive |
Elementary OS | Daniel Foré | elementary | 2011 | 0.4.0 | ? | 2016-09-09[12] | X | Ubuntu | general | Gratis | Active |
ELinOS | SYSGO | SYSGO | 1999 | ? | ? | 2016-07-06[13] | X | – | embedded systems | Partial | Active |
Elive | Thanatermesis | Thanatermesis | 2005 | 2.0 | ? | 2010-03-04 | X | Debian | desktop | Gratis | Active |
Emdebian Grip | Embedded Debian Project | Embedded Debian Project | 2009 | 3.1 | End-of-life | 2013-06-15 | X | Debian | embedded systems | Gratis | Inactive |
Fedora | Fedora Project | Fedora Project | 2003 | 24 | ? | 2016-06-21[14] | Fedora Licensing Guidelines[15] | – | general | Gratis | Active |
Freespire | Lindows.com, Inc. | Linspire, Inc. | 2002 | 2.0.8 | ? | 2007-11-30 | X | Debian | desktop | Gratis | Inactive |
Gentoo Linux | Daniel Robbins | Gentoo Foundation, Inc. | 2002 | Rolling | Rolling | ? | Gentoo Social Contract | – | general | Gratis | Active |
Guix System Distribution | Ludovic Courtès | Ludovic Courtès, Ricardo Wurmus, the Guix community | 2012 | 0.11.0 | Rolling | 2016-08-03[16] | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | – | general | Gratis | Active |
gNewSense | Brian Brazil and Paul O'Malley | Sam Geeraerts with sponsorship from the FSF | 2006 | 4.0 (Ucclia) | ? | 2016-05-02[17] | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | Debian | general, server | Gratis | Active |
gnuLinEx | Regional Government of Extremadura | dev team | 2002 | ? | ? | ? | X | Debian | desktop | Gratis | ? |
Grml | Michael Prokop | The Grml Team | 2005 | ? | ? | ? | X | Debian | live, maintenance, security, network, forensic, accessibility | Gratis | ? |
Instant WebKiosk | Marco Buratto | Binary Emotions | 2012 | 14.0 | ? | 2015-05-06[18] | X | Debian | web kiosks, digital signage, personal web navigation | Gratis | Active |
Kali Linux | Max Moser, Mati Aharoni, Martin J. Muench | Remote-Exploit | 2013 | 2.0 | ? | 2016-01-21[19] | X | Debian | auditing, forensic, security, network | Gratis | Active |
Knoppix | Klaus Knopper | dev team | 2000 | 7.6.0 | ? | 2015-11-21[20] | X | Debian | live | Gratis | Active |
Kodibuntu | The XBMC Project | Team Kodi | 2008 | ? | ? | ? | X | Debian, Ubuntu | multimedia | Gratis | Active |
Korora | Chris Smart | Dev Team | 2005 | 20 | ? | 2015-08-02[21] | X | Fedora | desktop | Gratis | ? |
LibreCMC/LibreWRT | LibreWRT team | LibreWRT team | 2010 | 1.3 (LibreWRT was at 2.0) | ? | 2014-12-23 | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | LibreWRT | embedded systems | Gratis | Active |
Linux Mint | Clement Lefebvre | dev team | 2006 | 18 | ~3 years (LMDE); 5 years (main editions) | 2015-12-04[22] | X | Debian, Ubuntu | desktop | Gratis | Active |
Mageia | Mageia Community | mageia.org | 2010 | 5 | 1 | 2015-09-13[23] | X | Mandriva Linux | general | Gratis | Active |
Mandriva Linux | Mandrakesoft S.A. | Mandriva S.A. | 1998 | 2011 | ? | 2011-08-28 | X | Red Hat Linux | general | Commercial | Inactive |
Manjaro Linux | Roland Singer | dev team | 2012[24] | Rolling | Rolling | 2015-12-23 | X | Arch Linux | general | Gratis | Active |
MEPIS | Warren Woodford | MEPIS LLC | 2003 | ? | ? | ? | X | Debian | desktop, server | Gratis | ? |
Musix GNU+Linux | Musix team | Musix team | 2008 | 3.0.1 | ? | 2014-03-13 | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | Debian | multimedia | Gratis | Active |
Netrunner | Blue Systems | dev team | 2009 | ? | ? | ? | X | Debian, Ubuntu, Kubuntu | desktop | Gratis | ? |
Novell Open Enterprise Server | Novell | Novell, Inc. dev team | 2003 | ? | ? | ? | X | SUSE Linux Enterprise Server | server | Commercial | Active |
OpenELEC | Stephan Raue, OpenELEC Team | OpenELEC Team | 2011 | ? | ? | ? | X | – | multimedia | Gratis | ? |
openSUSE | SUSE Linux, Novell | openSUSE Project | 2006 | 42.1 | 3 years[25] | 2015-11-04 | X | – | general, desktop | Gratis | Active |
OpenWrt | ? | OpenWrt team | 2007 | ? | ? | ? | X | – | embedded systems | Gratis | ? |
Oracle Linux | Oracle Corporation | Oracle Corporation | 2006 | 2012 | ? | 2014 | X | Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) | server | Gratis | ? |
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre | Parabola Hackers | Parabola Hackers | 2009 | Rolling | Rolling | 2016-11-03[26] | 100% Free: GNU FSDG followed in Parabola Social Contract | Arch Linux | general | Gratis | Active |
Pardus | Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) | TÜBİTAK | 2005 | ? | ? | ? | X | – | general | Gratis | ? |
Parsix | Alan Baghumian | Parsix Project | 2005 | ? | ? | ? | X | Debian | desktop | Gratis | ? |
PCLinuxOS | Bill Reynolds | dev team | 2003 | ? | ? | ? | X | PCLinuxOS | desktop | Gratis | ? |
Pentoo | Michael Zanetta, Rick Farina, Jens Pranaitis | Pentoo | 2005 | 2015.0 RC4.6 | ? | 2015-12-02 | X | Gentoo Linux | auditing, security | Gratis | Active |
Porteus | Fanthom | Porteus | 2010 | ? | ? | ? | X | Slackware | lightweight, portable | Gratis | ? |
Puppy Linux | Barry Kauler | Puppy Foundation | 2003 | 6.3 | ? | 2015-11-16 | X | – | portable, lightweight | Gratis | Active |
Qubes OS | Joanna Rutkowska | Invisible Things Lab | 2012 | 3.2 | ? | 2016-09-29[27] | X | Xen and Fedora | Security by Compartmentalization, desktop | Gratis | Active |
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) | Red Hat | Red Hat | 2002 | 7.2 | ? | 2015-11-19[28] | X | Red Hat Linux, Fedora | server, workstation | Commercial | Active |
Red Hat Linux | Red Hat | Red Hat | 1995 | 9 | ? | 2003-03-31 | X | – | server, workstation | Gratis | Inactive |
Rocks Cluster Distribution | UCSD Supercomputing Center, Clustercorp | UCSD Supercomputing Center, Clustercorp | 2000 | 6.2 | ? | 2015-05-12 | X | Red Hat Linux | server, workstation | Gratis | Active |
Sabayon Linux | Fabio Erculiani | dev team | 2005 | 16.02 | ? | 2016-01-29[29] | X | Gentoo Linux | general | Gratis | ? |
Salix OS | Cyrille Pontvieux, George Vlahavas, Pierrick Le Brun, Thorsten Mühlfelder | Salix team | 2009 | ? | ? | ? | X | Slackware | general | Gratis | ? |
Scientific Linux | CERN, Fermilab | dev team | 2004 | 6.7 | ? | ? | X | Red Hat Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) | server, workstation | Gratis | ? |
Slackware | Patrick Volkerding | dev team | 1993 | 14.2[30] | ? | 2016-06-30 | X | Softlanding Linux System (SLS) | general | Gratis | Active |
Slax | Tomas Matejicek | Tomas Matejicek | 2002 | 7.0.8 | ? | 2013-03-16[31] | X | Slackware | live | Gratis | ? |
SliTaz GNU/Linux | Christophe Lincoln | dev team | 2008 | 2.6.37 | ? | ? | X | – | portable | Gratis | ? |
SolydXK | Arjen Balfoort | dev team | 2013 | ? | ? | ? | X | Debian | desktop | Gratis | ? |
Source Mage GNU/Linux | Ryan Abrams, Eric Schabell | dev team | 2002 | ? | ? | ? | Source Mage Social Contract | Sorcerer | general | Gratis | Active |
SUSE Linux | SUSE Linux, Novell | Novell, Inc. dev team | 1994 | 12.1 | ? | 2015-12-22 | X | Slackware, Jurix | workstation, server | Commercial | Active |
Tails | ? | Tails Development Team | 2009 | 2.7 | –[g 2] | 2016-11-15 | X | Debian | security-focused aimed for anonymity and privacy | Gratis | Active |
Tiny Core Linux | Robert Shingledecker | Team Tiny Core | 2009 | ? | ? | ? | X | Tiny Core Linux | portable | Gratis | ? |
Tor-ramdisk | Anthony G. Basile | dev team | 2008 | 20151215 | ? | 2015-12-15 | X | Gentoo Linux Embedded, uClibc | Tor server | Gratis | Active |
Trisquel GNU/Linux | Rubén Rodríguez Pérez (quidam) | Rubén Rodríguez Pérez (quidam) | 2005 | 7.0 | 5 years[g 3] | 2014-11-03 | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | Ubuntu LTS | desktop | Gratis | Active |
TurnKey GNU/Linux | Alon Swartz, Liraz Siri | TurnKey GNU/Linux Team | 2008 | 14.1 | Debian packages as per Debian; TurnKey packages for life of current major version (plus backports per request) | 2016-04-15[32] | Debian Social Contract and DFSG | Debian | server based software appliance library aiming to balance security and ease of use | Gratis | Active |
Ubuntu and Derivatives[33] | Canonical Ltd. | Canonical Ltd. | 2004 | 16.04.1 LTS | Standard releases 9 months, LTS releases 5 years. Flavor LTS releases 3 to 5 years. | 2016-07-21 | X | Debian | general, server, desktop | Gratis | Active |
Univention Corporate Server | Univention GmbH | Univention GmbH | 2004 | 3.2-2 | ? | 2014-05-15 | X | Debian | (small business) server | Commercial | Active |
Ututo | Diego Saravia, Daniel Olivera | UTUTO dev team | 2000 | XS 2012 | ? | 2012-04-27 | 100% Free: GNU FSDG | Gentoo Linux | general | Gratis | Inactive |
VectorLinux | Robert S. Lange | dev team | 1999 | 7.1 | ? | 2015-06-27 | X | Slackware | desktop | Gratis | ? |
Void Linux | Juan Romero Pardines | dev team | 2008 | Rolling | ? | 2015-07-13 | X | – | general | Gratis | Active |
Webconverger | Kai Hendry | Webconverger Limited | 2007 | 34.0 | ? | 2016-02-20 | X | Debian | Kiosk software, digital signage | Commercial | Active |
Zentyal | eBox Technologies | eBox Technologies | 2005 | ? | ? | ? | X | Debian, Ubuntu | Small Business Server | ? | ? |
Zenwalk | Jean-Philippe Guillemin | dev team | 2004 | 8.0[34] | ? | 2016-07-02 | X | Slackware | general | ? | ? |
Distribution | Founder | Maintainer | Initial release year | Current stable version | Security updates (years) | Release date | System distribution commitment | Forked from | Target audience | Cost | Status |
- 1 2 Debian releases are officially supported for 1 year after the subsequent release, with releases being approximately 2 years apart. The Debian LTS Project provides community based support extending the complete support period to 5 years.
- ↑ All security updates are in new versions which are released every six weeks.
- ↑ for more information visit: https://trisquel.info/en/wiki/trisquel
Cost
The majority of Linux distributions are available for free.
The following distributions come in several editions, some of which cost money and some do not: ClearOS, MEPIS, Univention Corporate Server, Zentyal and Zorin OS.
The following distributions cost money: Novell Open Enterprise Server,[35] Red Hat Enterprise Linux,[36][37] SUSE Linux Enterprise Server.[38]
The following distributions had at least one version which used to cost money: Corel Linux OS (discontinued), Elive (now freely available), Linspire[39] (discontinued), Mandriva Linux (discontinued) and Xandros (discontinued).
Technical
The table below shows the default file system, but many Linux distributions support some or all of ext2, ext3, ext4, Btrfs, ReiserFS, Reiser4, JFS, XFS, GFS2, OCFS2, and NILFS. It is possible to install Linux onto most of these file systems. The ext file systems, namely ext2, ext3, and ext4 are based on the original Linux file system.
File systems have been developed by companies to meet their specific needs, by hobbyists, or adapted from Unix, Microsoft Windows, and other operating systems. Linux has full support for XFS and JFS, FAT (the DOS file system), and HFS, the main file system for the Macintosh. Support for Microsoft Windows NT's NTFS file system has been developed and is now comparable with other native Unix file systems. CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs' ISO 9660 and Universal Disk Format (UDF) are supported.
Unlike other operating systems, Linux and Unix allow any file system regardless of the medium it is stored on, whether that medium is a magnetic disk, an optical disk (CD, DVD, etc.), a USB flash memory key, or even contained within a file located on another file system. Similarly, many C compilers (mainly GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)), init systems (mainly sysvinit), desktop environments and window managers are widely supported.
Distribution | Default file system | Default init system | Install-time desktop environment or window manager selection |
---|---|---|---|
Alpine Linux | ext4 | openrc | none |
ALT Linux | ext3 | systemd | KDE Plasma Workspaces, Xfce |
Arch Linux | none[40] | systemd | none |
BLAG | ext3 | sysvinit | GNOME |
Bodhi Linux | ext4 | sysvinit | Moksha (Enlightenment fork) |
CentOS | xfs | systemd | GNOME |
Chakra | ext4 | systemd | KDE Plasma Workspaces |
ClearOS | ext3 | ? | GNOME |
CoreOS | ext4 | systemd | None |
CrunchBang Linux | ext4 | sysvinit | Openbox |
Damn Small Linux | ext3 | sysvinit | JWM |
Debian | ext4 | systemd | GNOME, KDE, Xfce, LXDE[41] |
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre | ext4 | runit | Xfce |
dyne:bolic | ? | ? | ? |
Elive | SquashFS, ReiserFS | initscripts | Enlightenment |
Fedora | ext4 | systemd | GNOME (default Workstation Edition), Spins for: KDE Plasma Workspaces, Xfce, LXDE, MATE (with Compiz), Cinnamon, Sugar on a Stick |
Funtoo | none | openrc | None |
Gentoo | none | openrc | Awesome, Enlightenment, Fluxbox, GNOME, KDE, LXDE-Meta, Openbox, XBMC and Xfce (live DVD)[42] |
gNewSense | ext3 | ? | GNOME |
gnuLinEx | ext2 | ? | GNOME |
GuixSD | ext4 | GNU Shepherd | GNOME, Xfce, i3, ratpoison, xmonad |
Instant WebKiosk | SquashFS | ? | Has no DE. It's a browser-only interface |
Kali Linux | ext3 | sysvinit | GNOME |
Knoppix | XFS | microknoppix | LXDE |
LibreCMC/LibreWRT[43] | ext4 | busybox-init | none |
Linux Mint[44] | ext4 | upstart | MATE, Cinnamon |
Mageia | ext4 | systemd | KDE Plasma Workspaces, GNOME |
Mandriva Linux | ext4 | systemd | KDE Plasma Workspaces |
Manjaro Linux | none[45] | openrc or systemd | Xfce, KDE[46] |
MEPIS | ext3, ext4 | sysvinit | KDE Plasma Workspaces |
Musix GNU+Linux[47] | ext4 | initscripts | LXDE |
OpenELEC | SquashFS | shell script | XBMC Media Center |
openSUSE | btrfs | systemd | KDE Plasma Workspaces, GNOME, Xfce |
OpenWrt | overlayfs+SquashFS/JFFS2[48] | procd[49] | none |
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre | none | systemd | none |
Pardus | ext4 | ? | KDE Plasma Workspaces |
Parsix | ext4 | systemd | GNOME |
PCLinuxOS | none | sysvinit | KDE Plasma Workspaces, GNOME, LXDE, Xfce, Enlightenment, Openbox |
Pentoo | SquashFS | openrc | Enlightenment |
Porteus | Squashfs, ext2, ext3, ext4, FAT32, reiser, xfs | sysvinit | KDE, LXDE, Xfce, Openbox, Razor-qt |
Puppy Linux | SquashFS containing ext2 | busybox-init | JWM |
Red Hat Enterprise Linux | xfs | systemd | GNOME |
Rxart Desktop | ext3 | ? | KDE Plasma Workspaces |
Sabayon Linux | ext4[50] | systemd | KDE Plasma Workspaces, GNOME |
Scientific Linux | ext4 | sysvinit | GNOME |
Slackware | ext4 | BSD init scripts | KDE Plasma Workspaces, Xfce, Fluxbox, Blackbox, twm |
Slax | SquashFS | sysvinit | KDE Plasma Workspaces |
SliTaz GNU/Linux | ext3 | busybox-init | Openbox |
Source Mage GNU/Linux | ext2 | simpleinit-msb | none |
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop | ext3 | systemd | GNOME |
Tor-ramdisk | ext2 | ? | none |
Trisquel | ext4, xfs | upstart | GNOME, LXDE |
TurnKey GNU/Linux | ext4 | systemd | none - headless server by design; provides Webmin for administration |
Ubuntu/Edubuntu | ext4[51] | systemd | Unity on GNOME, Unity 2D for fallback |
Kubuntu | ext4[51] | systemd | KDE Plasma Workspaces |
Xubuntu | ext4[51] | systemd | Xfce |
Ututo | ext3 | ? | GNOME |
VectorLinux | ReiserFS | sysvinit | KDE, Openbox, Fluxbox, IceWM, Xfce |
Void Linux | none | runit | none |
Webconverger | gitfs | sysvinit | dwm enforcing a Browser-only interface |
XBMC Live | ext3 | upstart | XBMC Media Center |
Zentyal | ext4 | ? | LXDE |
Zenwalk | ext4 | sysvinit | Xfce |
Distribution | Default file system | Default init system | Install-time desktop environment or window manager selection |
Instruction set architecture support
Linux kernel portability to instruction set architectures other than x86, was an early feature added to the kernel.
Distribution | x86 | x86-64 | ia64 | ppc[52] | ppc64 | sparc32 | sparc64 | arm | hppa[53] | loongson | mips[54] | sh | s390 | s390x | alpha[55] | m68k[56] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alpine Linux | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Arch Linux | Yes (>=i686) | Yes | No | Discontinued unofficial port | No | No | No | Yes Unofficial[57] |
No | In progress. Unofficial port[58] | No | No | No | No | No | No |
BackTrack | Discontinued from BackTrack 5 and superseded by Kali Linux[59] | Discontinued from BackTrack 5 and superseded by Kali Linux | No | No | No | No | No | Discontinued from BackTrack 5 and superseded by Kali Linux | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Bodhi Linux | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Discontinued 2013-10-23[60] |
No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
BOSS Linux | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | ? | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
CentOS | AltArch | Yes | Discontinued 3.5-3.8 4.1-4.7[61] |
Beta, Discontinued 4.0 |
AltArch | Beta 4.2[61][62] |
No | AltArch | No | No | No | No | Discontinued 3.5-3.8 4.1-4.7[61][63] |
Discontinued 3.5-3.8 4.1-4.7[61][63] |
Discontinued 4.2-4.3[61][64][65] |
No |
Chakra | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | ? | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
CRUX | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Debian[66] | Yes | Yes 4.0+ |
Discontinued 3.0-7.0[67] |
Yes 2.2+ |
Yes | Discontinued 2.1-4.0[68] |
Discontinued -7[69] |
Yes 2.2+ |
Discontinued 3.0-5.0 |
Yes | Yes 3.0+ |
In progress | Discontinued 3.0-7 |
Yes 7+ |
Discontinued 2.1-5.0 |
Discontinued 2.0-3.1 |
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Fedora[70] | Yes | Yes | Discontinued from Fedora 9 [71] |
Yes | Yes | No | Still active but slow in development, Last available is Fedora 12, Working on Fedora 18 [72] |
Yes[73] | No | In progress | Inactive from Fedora 13 [74] |
No | No | Yes | No | No |
Finnix | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Gentoo[75] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes[76] | Yes | Yes[77] | Yes[78][79] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
gNewSense | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Kali Linux | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
LibreCMC/LibreWRT | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes XBurst | No | No | No | No | No |
Manjaro Linux | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes Unofficial[80] |
No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
MEPIS | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
OpenELEC | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
openSUSE[81] | Discontinued 42.1 |
Yes | No | No[82] | No[82] | No | partial[83] | partial[84] | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
OpenWrt[85] | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No |
Oracle Linux[86] | Yes | Yes | Discontinued 5[87] |
No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes[88][89] | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
Red Flag Linux | Discontinued 8.0[90] |
Discontinued 8.0[90] |
Discontinued 3[91] |
No | Discontinued 3[91] |
No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Red Hat Linux[92] | Discontinued 9.0 |
No | Discontinued 7.1-7.2 |
Test release 5.1[93] |
No | Discontinued 4.0-4.2 5.1-6.2 |
Test release 5.1[93] |
No | No | No | Test release 5.1[93] |
No | Discontinued 7.2 |
Yes | Discontinued 2.1-7.1 |
Test release 5.1[93] |
Red Hat Enterprise Linux[94] | Discontinued 2.1-6[95] |
Yes 3+ |
Discontinued 2.1-5[96] |
Yes 3+ |
Yes 3+ |
No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Discontinued 3-4[97] |
Yes 3+ |
No | No |
Sabayon Linux | Discontinued | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Scientific Linux | Yes | Yes | Discontinued 3-4 |
No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
SHR | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Slackware | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Discontinued ?[98] |
No | Yes | No | No | No | No | Discontinued ?[99] |
Discontinued ?[99] |
Discontinued 8.1[100] |
No |
Source Mage GNU/Linux | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | ? | No | No | No | No | No | No |
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server[101] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No |
Tor-ramdisk | Yes | Yes[102] | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes[103] | No | No | No | No | No |
TurnKey GNU/Linux | Selected ISOs available |
Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No - but under development by community | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Ubuntu/Kubuntu/Xubuntu/Lubuntu | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | Yes, including 64-bit ARMv8-A | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Ututo | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | In progress | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Void Linux | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
XBMCbuntu | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Yellow Dog Linux | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Distribution | x86 | x86-64 | ia64 | ppc | ppc64 | sparc32 | sparc64 | arm | hppa | loongson | mips | sh | s390 | s390x | alpha | m68k |
Package management and installation
Information on features in the distributions. Package numbers are only approximate (some distributions like Ubuntu tend to separate tools into different packages (usually stable release, development release, documentation and debug).
Distribution | Approximate number of pre-compiled packages | Approximate number of source packages | Default package management tool(s) | Package format | Default installer | Graphical installation process | Netinstall | Netboot |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alpine Linux | 8,135[104] | apk[105] | .apk[106] | setup-alpine | No | ? | ? | |
ALT Linux | 8,300[107] | APT (APT-RPM), RPM | RPM | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Arch Linux | 8,892[108] | 8,892+34,341 from ABS and AUR [109] | Pacman | .pkg.tar.xz | None (install scripts only) | No | Yes | iPXE |
BLAG | 10,000[110] | RPM, yum, APT | RPM | Yes | No | No | ||
Bodhi Linux | 35,000 | APT | .dpkg | Ubiquity | Yes | ? | ? | |
CentOS | 17,565[111] | RPM, yum/up2date | RPM | Yes | Yes | ? | ||
Chakra | 3,074[112] | CCR: 4,663[113] | Pacman (will be replaced by Akabei in future) | .pkg.tar.xz | Package manager in development | ? | ? | |
ClearOS | RPM, yum | RPM | No | ? | ? | |||
CrunchBang Linux | 23,000 | APT | .deb | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Damn Small Linux | 610 | myDSL, APT | .dsl, .tar.gz, .uci, .unc, .deb | No | ? | ? | ||
Debian | 56,864[114] | 21,041[note 1] | APT | .deb | Debian-Installer | Yes | Yes | PXE |
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre | 484 | pkgsystem[115] | .tlz | ? | No | No | No | |
dyne:bolic | ? | ? | APT | .deb | Debian-Installer | Yes | No | No |
Elive | 20,000 | APT | .deb | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Fedora | 22,804[116] | DNF, yum, PackageKit | RPM | Anaconda | Yes | Yes | ? | |
Gentoo | 108[117] | 19,092[118][note 2] | Portage | .ebuild, .tbz2 | Yes[119] | ? | PXE[120] | |
gNewSense | ? | ? | APT | .deb | Debian-Installer | Yes | Yes | No |
gnuLinEx | 200 | APT | .deb | Yes | ? | ? | ||
GuixSD | 4,460[121] | 4,460 | Guix | .scm, .go | guix system init |
No | Yes | No |
Knoppix | 3,600 | APT | .deb | No | ? | ? | ||
LibreCMC/LibreWRT | 826 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
Linux Mint | 50,781 | APT | .deb | Ubiquity | Yes | ? | ? | |
Mageia | 17,283 (i586), 11,409 (x86-64)[122] | 8,834[123] | urpmi, rpmdrake | RPM | DrakX | Yes | Yes | ? |
Mandriva Linux | 22,600 | urpmi, rpmdrake[124] | RPM | DrakX | Yes | ? | ? | |
Manjaro Linux | ? | ? from AUR[109] | Pacman | .pkg.tar.xz | None (install scripts only) | Yes[125] | Yes | iPXE |
MEPIS | 20,000 | APT | .deb | MEPIS Install | Yes | ? | ? | |
Musix GNU+Linux | 1819 | APT | .deb | Debian-Installer | Yes | No | No | |
OpenELEC | 140[126] | XBMCbuntu addon manager, own and 3rd party addons | .zip | Yes | ? | ? | ||
openSUSE | 69,367 | 34,891[127] | YaST, Zypper | RPM | YaST | Yes | Yes | ? |
OpenWrt | 2,000 | opkg | .ipk | - | No | ? | ? | |
Parabola GNU/Linux-libre | 15,352[128] | ? | Pacman | .pkg.tar.xz | None (install scripts only) | No | MIPS64 | No |
Pardus | 4,000 | PiSi | .pisi | YALI | Yes | ? | ? | |
Parsix | 29,000 | 14,900 | APT | .deb | Yes | ? | ? | |
PCLinuxOS | 12,000 | APT, RPM | RPM | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Puppy | 700 | PupGet, DotPup | .pup, .pet | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Red Hat Enterprise Linux | 3,000 (plus 9,155 from EPEL[129]) | RPM, yum | RPM | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Rxart | 5,000 | APT | .deb | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Sabayon Linux | >13,130 | Portage, Entropy | ebuild, .tbz2 | Calamares | Yes | ? | ? | |
Scientific | APT/yum | RPM | Yes | ? | ? | |||
Slackware | 2,292 | installpkg, upgradepkg | tgz, .txz, .tlz, .tbz | No | ? | ? | ||
Slax | 2,050 | none | .lzm | ? | ? | |||
SliTaz GNU/Linux | 3,381[130] | Tazpkg | .tazpkg | tazinst | Yes | iPXE | iPXE | |
Source Mage GNU/Linux | 5,514 | Sorcery Package Manager | src | Yes | ? | ? | ||
SUSE Linux | 24,094 | 11,385 | YaST, Zypper | RPM | YaST | Yes | ? | ? |
Tiny Core Linux | 25,160 | ab, tce-load | tcz | tc-install, core2usb | Yes | ? | ? | |
Tiny SliTaz | 50 | Web site[131] | tazpkg | No | ? | iPXE | ||
Tor-ramdisk | none | none | No | ? | ? | |||
Trisquel | 52,748[132] | ? | APT | .deb | Ubiquity | Yes | Yes | ? |
TurnKey GNU/Linux | As per Debian + ~30 custom packages | As per Debian (currently TurnKey only supplies source code for custom packages) | APT | .deb | DI-Live (custom fork of Debian Installer) | No | No | No |
Ubuntu, Kubuntu, Xubuntu | 58,318[133] | 24,474[note 3] | APT | .deb | Ubiquity | Yes | Yes | PXE |
Ututo | 5,000 | ? | UTUTO Package Manager | ebuild | ? | ? | No | No |
Vector Linux | slapt-get, gslapt, installpkg | tgz | Yes | ? | ? | |||
Void Linux | 6,000 | ? | xbps | .xbps | No | Yes | ? | |
XBMC Live | APT | .deb | No | ? | ? | |||
Zentyal | APT | .deb | dpkg | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Zenwalk | 2,000 | netpkg, installpkg, upgradepkg | tgz, txz | Yes | ? | ? | ||
Distribution | Approximate number of pre-compiled packages | Approximate number of source packages | Default package management tools | Package format | Default installer | Graphical installation process | Netinstall | Netboot |
Live media
Distribution | Size of media (MB) | RAM use (MB) | Boots from CD | Boots from DVD | Installable live CD/DVD | Installable from USB |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arch Linux | 742 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
AUSTRUMI | 301 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
BLAG Linux and GNU | 696 | ? | Yes | No | ? | |
Bodhi Linux | 1,024 | 80 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
CentOS | 603 (Minimal) 4,096 (DVD) | Yes | Yes | Yes (installable since 6.0) | Yes | |
Chakra | 2,150 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Debian | 958 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Dragora GNU/Linux-Libre | 655 | ? | Yes | ? | ? | ? |
Elive | 700 | Yes | Yes | |||
Fedora | 1,434 | 256 to 1,024 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Gentoo | 2,048 | up to 128 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Grml | 460 | 32 to 128 | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Knoppix CD |
700 | 128 to 320 | Yes | Yes | Only DVD edition is maintained | |
Knoppix DVD |
4,813 | 128 to 500 | No | Yes | ||
Mandriva Linux One | 700 | 128 to 768 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Manjaro Linux | 548 to 1,900[134] | 256 to 1,024 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
MEPIS | 700 to 4,000 | 128 to 512 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
MCNLive | 350 | Yes | Yes | |||
Musix GNU+Linux | 2,000 | ? | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Nanolinux | 18 | ≈64 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
openGEU | 700 | 192 to 512 | Yes | Yes | ||
openSUSE (Not 42.1) | 700 | 128 to 768 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
OpenWrt | min 4 | min 16 | No | No | No | No |
Oralux | 500 | Yes | Yes | No longer updated | ||
Parabola | 531 | ? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Pardus | 1,256 to 1,276 | 256 to 1,024 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
PCLinuxOS | 130 to 700 | 96 to 512 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Pentoo | 666 and 700 | 48 to 96 | Yes | Yes | By hand[135] | By hand |
Puppy Linux (Slacko) | 235 | 32 to 192 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Puredyne | 542 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Sabayon Linux Live CD | 695 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Sabayon Linux Live DVD | 2,400 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
Scientific Linux | 431 to 2,300[136] | 640 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Slax | 200 | 96 to 320 | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
SystemRescueCD | 459 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
SliTaz GNU/Linux | 35 | 24 to 192 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Tails | ≈900 | ≈1,024 | No | Yes | Yes | Yes (when run from DVD) |
Tiny Core Linux | 16 | 46 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Tiny SliTaz | 1.44 | 4 | Yes | Yes | By SliTaz | By SliTaz |
Tor-ramdisk | 5 | 256 or >[137] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Trinity Rescue Kit | 104 | Yes | Yes | |||
Trisquel | 1,500[138] | 384 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
TurnKey GNU/Linux Core (base) appliance ISO | 212 | ~173 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Ubuntu | 1,400[139] | 384 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Ututo | 3,500 | ? | No | Yes | Yes | ? |
Edubuntu | 2,900[140] | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
Kubuntu | 1,400[141] | 384 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
XBMC Live | 700 | 256 to 1,024 | Yes | No | Yes | Yes |
Zentyal | 600 | 256 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Xubuntu | 1,200[142] | 256 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Distribution | Size of media (MB) | RAM use (MB) | Boots from CD | Boots from DVD | Installable live CD/DVD | Installable from USB |
Security features
Distribution | Compile time buffer checks | Mandatory access control | Software executable space protection | grsecurity | RSBAC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alpine Linux | Yes[143] | Unknown | PaX | Yes | Unknown |
Debian/Ubuntu | Yes | SELinux,[144] AppArmor | PaX optional | Optional | Optional |
Fedora | Yes | SELinux[145] | Exec Shield[146] | No | No |
Gentoo[147] | Optional | SELinux, AppArmor[148] | PaX optional | Optional | Optional |
gNewSense | Unknown | SELinux, AppArmor[149] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
HLFS | Yes | Unknown | PaX | Yes | Unknown |
Mandriva | Unknown | AppArmor[150] | Unknown | Unknown | Yes |
SUSE Linux | Yes | AppArmor[151] | Hardware NX and other methods in mainline kernel and toolchain[152] | No | No |
Tor-ramdisk | Unknown | Unknown | PaX | Yes | No |
Trisquel | Unknown | SELinux, AppArmor[153] | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
See also
- Comparison of netbook-oriented Linux distributions
- Comparison of operating systems
- DistroWatch
- List of Linux distributions
Notes
- ↑ From the Sources.gz files in the main, contrib and non-free sections of Debian Jessie. On the 2015-11-21, Debian Sid, the development release, have 24757 source packages.
- ↑ Note this number is just of packages in the Official Gentoo Overlay (or Portage Tree). Several hundred other packages are available from other overlays
- ↑ From the Sources.gz files in the main,universe, multiverse and restricted sections of Ubuntu Wily.
References
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Hi all, I am working now since a longer time on my arch linux livecd. It is called manjaro linux and uses the Desktop Environment Xfce. I uploaded a first testing livecd which is very experimental and many features are still missing. I would be thankful for any bugs reported,.... or if somebody wants to help and join the project he is always welcome.
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- ↑
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- ↑
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- 1 2 no longer listed at site
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- 1 2 3 4
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- ↑ RHEL 4 is the last version to support 31-bit s390. RHEL 5 only supports 64-bit s390x.
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- ↑
- 1 2 "AUR (en) - Home". Aur.archlinux.org. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
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- ↑ "Fedora Package Database". fedoraproject.org. Retrieved 28 November 2015.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-03-15. Retrieved 2013-03-17.
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- ↑ Can be installed graphically (GTK+ and ncurses), but traditionally done by command line (install cd, live cd, netboot, and from distributions).
- ↑ "Installation alternatives - Gentoo Wiki". Wiki.gentoo.org. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ "Packages — GuixSD". 2016-11-18. Retrieved 2016-11-18.
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- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-11-25. Retrieved 2007-11-24.
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- ↑ "OpenELEC.tv/packages at master · OpenELEC/OpenELEC.tv · GitHub". Github.com. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ Stats for openSUSE_(Factory|Tumleweed) for Jan 12, 2016, using the script http://inai.de/files/dist/countpkg-suse3 -r 'openSUSE_(Factory|Tumbleweed)', which inspects the project list from the openSUSE.org Build Service instance and discounts non-SUSE and home projects. Numbers for 13.2: 63438 bin, 32707 src; for 42.1: 43401 bin, 17428 src.
- ↑
- ↑ "EPEL". FedoraProject. 2016-05-26. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ "3383 packages and 430719 files in stable database (Sat 22 Oct 2016 04:04:55 PM UTC)". Pkgs.slitaz.org. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ SliTaz Contributors (2016-07-22). "Builder". Tiny SliTaz. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ "All Trisquel Packages in "belenos"". Trisquel. Retrieved 2015-09-11.
- ↑ "All Ubuntu Packages in "Wily"". Canonical. Retrieved 2015-10-23.
- ↑ "Manjaro Linux - Downloads". Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ↑ Pentoo Development Website Archived January 8, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "Scientific Linux i386 Live CD/DVD". Retrieved 2012-09-26.
- ↑ "Quickstart". Opensource.dyc.edu. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ "Download Trisquel GNU/Linux". trisquel.info. Retrieved 5 November 2014.
- ↑ "Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus)". ubuntu.com. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
- ↑ "Edubuntu 14.04.3 LTS (Trusty Tahr)". ubuntu.com. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
- ↑ "Kubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus)". ubuntu.com. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
- ↑ "Xubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus)". Ubuntu.com. Retrieved 8 May 2016.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-08-04. Retrieved 2015-07-01.
- ↑ "SELinux - Debian Wiki". Wiki.debian.org. 2013-10-05. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ "Mandatory Access Control with SELinux" (PDF). 3.linux-magazine.com. Retrieved 2007-12-24.
- ↑ "Release Notes". Docs.fedoraproject.org. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ "Project:Hardened - Gentoo Wiki". Gentoo.org. 2016-05-19. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ "AppArmor - Gentoo Wiki". Wiki.gentoo.org. 2015-12-10. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ Based on Debian
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-03-03. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
- ↑ "Novell Doc: Novell AppArmor Administration Guide - Novell AppArmor Administration Guide". Suse.com. 2007-05-16. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ↑ "Security Features". Archived from the original on December 4, 2010. Retrieved 2009-11-23.
- ↑ Based on Ubuntu