David Prosser, Jr.

This article is about the American judge. For other uses, see David Prosser.
David Prosser, Jr.

Prosser in March 2011
Associate Justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court
In office
September 10, 1998 – July 31, 2016
Appointed by Tommy Thompson
Preceded by Janine Geske
Succeeded by Daniel Kelly
Commissioner Wisconsin Tax Appeals Commission
In office
1996–1998
Appointed by Tommy Thompson
Preceded by Joe Mettner
Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly
In office
January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
Preceded by Walter Kunicki
Succeeded by Ben Brancel
Wisconsin State Assembly Minority Leader
In office
January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1995
Member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Districts 57, 79 and 42
In office
January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1997
Preceded by Tobias A. Roth
Succeeded by Steve Wieckert
Constituency Appleton area
Personal details
Born (1942-12-24) December 24, 1942
Chicago, Illinois
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Single
Alma mater DePauw University, (B.A.) (1965)
University of Wisconsin Law School, (J.D.) (1968)
Profession Legislator, Supreme court justice

David T. Prosser Jr. (born December 24, 1942) is an American jurist and Wisconsin politician who served on the Wisconsin Supreme Court from 1998 to 2016. A former Republican speaker of the Wisconsin Assembly, Prosser was appointed to the court by Governor Tommy Thompson in 1998, and was elected to his first 10-year term without opposition in 2001. He ran for reelection in April 2011 against little-known Wisconsin assistant attorney general, Joanne Kloppenburg. The race received national attention and was viewed as a referendum on efforts by Republican Governor Scott Walker and the Republican-controlled legislature to curb the union rights of public workers in Wisconsin.[1][2] The April 5, 2011 election was too close to call until two days later when the Waukesha County Clerk announced she had erroneously omitted more than 14,000 votes from her earlier tally. The additional votes gave Prosser a lead of over 7,000 which was sustained by a later recount.

Prosser received media attention in 2010 following verbal altercations with the chief justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court, and also in June 2011 when allegations were made of a physical altercation between Prosser and a fellow associate justice that occurred in connection with the union-curbing bill. A special prosecutor investigated but declined to press criminal charges.[3] An ethics action against Prosser was recommended by the Wisconsin Judicial Commission,[4] however, after three other justices recused themselves from the matter, no further action was taken.[5]

Following his graduation from University of Wisconsin Law School, Prosser worked in Washington as an attorney at the U.S. Department of Justice and as an aide to U. S. Representative Harold Vernon Froehlich. Returning to Wisconsin, he began a private practice, worked as a district attorney for two years, then served 18 years as a Republican party legislator in the Wisconsin State Assembly. He was the state house minority leader for six of those years and assembly speaker for two years. After an unsuccessful bid for the U.S. House in 1996, Prosser was appointed by Wisconsin Governor Tommy Thompson to a vacant seat on the state tax appeals board, then in 1998 to a vacant seat on Wisconsin Supreme Court.

Early life and education

Prosser was born in Chicago, Illinois to David T. Prosser, Sr., and his wife Elizabeth (Patterson) Prosser,[6] and was raised in Appleton, Wisconsin. After graduating from Appleton High School, he attended DePauw University, receiving his B.A. in 1965.[7] He went on to law school at the University of Wisconsin and received his J.D. in 1968.[7]

Career

Early career

Prosser lectured at Indiana University-Indianapolis Law School from 1968–1969, before working from 1969-1972 in Washington, D.C. as an attorney advisor in the Office of Criminal Justice, U.S. Department of Justice.[8][9] He ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Wisconsin General Assembly in 1973, then served as an administrative assistant to U.S. Representative Harold Vernon Froehlich, a Republican member of the House Judiciary Committee from 1973-1974 during the Watergate impeachment hearings.[7][9] After two years in private practice as a self-employed lawyer, Prosser served as Outagamie County district attorney from 1977–1978.[7][10]

Wisconsin legislature

Prosser represented the Appleton area in the Wisconsin State Assembly as a Republican from 1979 through 1996.[9] His committee assignments included Criminal Justice and Public Safety and Judiciary.[7] During his tenure in the Assembly, he served six years as Minority leader and two years as Speaker.[9]

In 1981, he opposed removing criminal penalties on sexual activity and cohabitation between unmarried, consulting adults,[11] though he did express a willingness to repeal the jail terms.[12] He stated that legalizing sex outside of marriage would increase divorce rates, the number of children born outside of wedlock, welfare payments, sexually transmitted diseases, and abortions.[12] In 1995, while he was Assembly Speaker, Prosser led the push for the new baseball stadium for the Milwaukee Brewers, saying that Wisconsin had a choice of being either a "big league or bush league" state.[13]

Campaign for U.S. Congress

In 1996 he ran for the 8th congressional district seat in the U.S. Congress vacated by retiring U.S. Representative Toby Roth.[14] Prosser won what the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel described as a "bitter and high-spending" primary, but was defeated in the general election by Democrat Jay W. Johnson.[14] One month later, Governor Thompson appointed Prosser to the Wisconsin Tax Appeals Commission where he conducted hearings and ruled on disputes related to state taxation.[9][14]

Wisconsin Supreme Court

In September 1998, Thompson appointed Prosser to a vacant seat on the Wisconsin Supreme Court, hailing him as a conservative.[15] In an unusual move, a bipartisan group of 77 of the 132 state legislators sent a letter to Thompson supporting the appointment, describing Prosser as, "learned, thoughtful, and fiercely defensive of our system of law".[16]

In 2011, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel said Prosser is a "reliable judicial conservative, but he's also independent",[17] citing an August 2010 Wisconsin Law Journal analysis which concluded "Prosser voted with no justice more than 85% of the time, though he generally combined with three other conservative justices (Michael Gableman, Patience Roggensack, and Annette Ziegler), to form a 4-3 majority on the court.[18] The New York Times said some observers believe that Prosser is a member of a conservative 4-3 bloc on the court.[1]

In October 2010, Prosser indicated that he supported limiting free online access to Wisconsin trial court records because the information can be misused by employers and landlords, saying, "Some people are actually innocent, and they shouldn't be disadvantaged forever" by the online records.[19] Opponents of the change argued that restricting free online access may result in private vendors selling the information, and may conflict with Wisconsin's open records law.[19]

Following the decision in Donohoo v. Action Wisconsin Inc., Prosser voted to amend the state's judicial code of conduct to allow judges to decide cases involving their campaign contributors,[20] saying there are various levels of support and a campaign contribution or endorsement "in and of itself does not create so close or special relationship so as to require automatic recusal."[21] He has also said his policy is not to recuse (remove) himself from cases involving lawmakers he has served with in the past unless the case is actually about the lawmakers.[22]

Prosser retired from the Wisconsin Supreme Court on July 31, 2016.[23]

Other professional activities

Prosser served as a member of the Wisconsin Council of Criminal Justice (1980–1983), the Judicial Council Commission on Preliminary Examinations (1981), the Wisconsin Sentencing Commission (1984–1988, 1994–1995), the Wisconsin Sesquicentennial Commission (1993–1999), and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws (1983–1996).[9][24]

Controversies

Decision not to prosecute abuse case

In 1978, while serving as District Attorney of Outagamie County, Prosser declined to prosecute a Catholic priest accused of sexual abuse by two brothers (ages 12 and 14), who said the priest had touched their chests and unsuccessfully attempted to touch lower.[25] Prosser later explained he did not file charges because the case was weak; it involved relatively new sexual assault laws that were untested at the time, and he did not think he could win a jury trial.[26][27] He said he had assumed the priest, John Patrick Feeney, would be reassigned as a result of his discussion with Feeney's bishop.[28] The priest was not removed from duties which allowed him contact with children, and he went on to abuse other children before being sent to prison on a 15 year sentence in 2004.[25][29] The prosecutor who ultimately and successfully prosecuted the case in the early 2000s said that when Prosser had the case in the 1970s, he was lacking sufficient information: "We were able to gather a wealth of information that far exceeded what Prosser had," he said, adding, "It's not fair to second-guess him now."[29] When interviewed in 2011 one of the victims said that in 1978 he and his brother had not communicated detailed information about the abuse to the authorities, and that when the case came to trial in 2002, Prosser helped in the prosecution.[26][30]

During Prosser's 2011 run for re-election to the Wisconsin Supreme Court, the incident was revived in a political ad by a pro-union organization[31] which claimed that Prosser did not investigate the abuse allegations and participated in a coverup.[32] The ad was ultimately rated "Mostly False" by the fact-checking website, PolitiFact.com, which concluded that the ad omitted critical facts and created false impressions.[32] One of the abuse victims, who had been critical of Prosser's decision not to prosecute, criticized the ad as "offensive, inaccurate and out of context."[33] Prosser asked his opponent, Kloppenburg, to call for the removal of the ad—she replied that the First Amendment gave the group the right to run such ads.[34]

Assembly staffers used for campaigning

In 2006, Prosser testified on behalf of Wisconsin State Representative Scott Jensen who was being tried on three felony counts of misconduct in office because his legislative staffers also performed campaign activity on his behalf. Prosser stated that during seven years of his own tenure in the Wisconsin Assembly, he had used his taxpayer-funded staff for campaigning—the same crime Jensen was eventually convicted of.[35][36] Prosser was not charged, and defended the actions saying, "it was a different era and public expectations were quite different". However critics described this as illegal activity, and the Appleton Post Crescent, Prosser's hometown paper, found Prosser's admissions sufficient reason to endorse Prosser's opponent in the 2011 election, saying Prosser fell short of having the "unimpeachable integrity" required of a high court judge because he had admittedly "condoned illegal activity" while serving as an elected official.[37]

Altercations with other justices

During a closed-door debate between the justices on February 10, 2010, Prosser called Chief Justice Shirley Abrahamson "a total bitch" and threatened to "destroy her".[38] A review of emails by the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel indicated that "justices on both sides described the court as dysfunctional, and Prosser and others suggested bringing in a third party for help".[38] The 2010 conflict on the court was also criticized as having a potential for lowering court productivity and distracting the focus of the justices.[39] Prosser admitted he overreacted, but justified his statements, saying he had been goaded, bullied and abused by two other justices for a long time,[38] and that the fights were caused by liberal members of the court "ganging up" on him and attempting to create a "foul atmosphere".[40] He also said the March 2011 revelations of the year-old altercation were an attempt to hurt his bid for re-election.[38][40] When interviewed in March 2011, Justice Ann Walsh Bradley acknowledged Prosser had had outbursts over the years, but said there had not been one of significant magnitude since February 2010. She also commented that, "he is a good man - but you cannot accurately say he has a steady, even temperament."[38]

Conflicting media reports on June 25, 2011 indicated that Prosser had gotten into an altercation with Bradley on June 13, 2011 in her office, which allegedly became physical.[41][42][43][44][45] The dispute occurred during a discussion in Bradley's office with four other Justices present, before the court issued its June 13, 2011 split decision to uphold the law limiting collective bargaining rights for most Wisconsin state public employees.[42] In one report, witnesses alleged that after Bradley told Prosser to leave her office, Prosser grabbed Bradley around the neck in what was described as a chokehold. A contradictory report said that Bradley charged Prosser with her fist raised, and that in attempting to block her, he made contact with her neck. Capitol Police Chief Charles Tubbs was notified of the incident, and met with the entire Supreme Court. Investigations into the matter were opened by the Wisconsin Judicial Commission and the Dane County Sheriff's office.[46] After initially saying he would refrain from comment until a proper investigation was completed,[2] Prosser denied he choked Bradley saying, "claims made to the media will be proven false." Bradley then made a public statement saying that Prosser, "put his hands around my neck in anger in a chokehold", as she was asking him to leave her office.[41][42][43][44][45]

The Dane County Sheriff's office gave its findings to county District Attorney Ismael Ozanne, who referred the matter to special prosecutor Patricia Barrett; Barrett ultimately ruled in late August 2011 that the circumstances and evidence reviewed did not support the filing of criminal charges.[3] On March 16, 2012, the Wisconsin Judicial Commission filed an ethics complaint against Prosser, "recommending that the court discipline him for alleged misconduct",[4][47] however, three conservative members of the court recused themselves from the matter, with the result that no quorum existed, and no decision could be made.[5]

2011 Re-election campaign

Prosser faced JoAnne Kloppenburg, a long-time but little-known Wisconsin assistant attorney general, in both the February 5, 2011 spring primary, and the April 5 run-off election.

Primary election

In December 2010, Prosser's campaign director expressed strong support for governor-elect Walker, saying Prosser's "personal ideology more closely mirrors" Walker's, and that a win by Prosser would result in, "protecting the conservative judicial majority and acting as a common sense complement to both the new administration and Legislature."[48] He later disavowed the statements and claimed he had not seen the release.[49] Prosser's campaign manager also said that, "This election is about a 4-3 commonsense conservative majority vs. a 3-4 liberal majority, and nothing more."[50][51]

In a survey of attorneys conducted by the Milwaukee Bar Association that was published February 2011, Prosser received more votes saying he was "qualified" than any of his opponents; besting Kloppenburg by a margin of 296 to 112.[52] He was endorsed in the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, and the Sun Prairie Star.[53] He won the primary handily, receiving 231,000 votes to second place finisher Kloppenburg's 105,000 votes; a 30% margin.

General election

In the general election of April 5, 2011, Prosser again faced Kloppenburg. The contest received considerable attention due to the 2011 Wisconsin protests of Walker's budget repair bill and limitations on public employee bargaining rights; issues which would likely soon come before the Wisconsin Supreme Court. Kloppenburg supporters attempted to tie Prosser to the policies of Republican governor Scott Walker, and his March 2011 law limiting most of Wisconsin's public employees' collective bargaining rights. The non-partisan race for the court seat was also characterized as a proxy battle or referendum on the administration of Governor Walker and other Republican officials.[1][54][55] Both candidates stated their unhappiness regarding the increased partisan aspect of the race,[56][57] with Prosser claiming that if he was defeated, it would mean the end of judicial independence.[58]

On March 31, Prosser's campaign co-chair, former Democratic governor Patrick Lucey, resigned from the campaign and endorsed Kloppenburg, saying it appeared that Prosser had lost his impartiality, and was showing "a disturbing distemper and lack of civility that does not bode well for the High Court".[59] The Wausau Daily Herald reversed its primary election endorsement, and urged its readers to vote against Prosser in the general, describing him as "an intemperate figure given to partisan rhetoric".[60] Citing the earlier statement of Prosser's campaign director that the election is about maintaining a conservative majority on the court, The Capital Times endorsed Kloppenburg.[61] Prosser was endorsed by the Sun Prairie Star, The Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel, and former Alaska governor Sarah Palin (via Twitter), among others for the general election.[62]

State officials predicted a voter turnout of around 20 percent, a typical level of turnout for an April election.[63] However, voter interest and turnout were unusually high with nearly 1.5 million votes cast.[64]

Result

The day after the election, Kloppenburg was thought to be ahead by a razor-thin margin of 204-votes, leading her to prematurely declare victory.[65][66] Late in the afternoon of April 7, Waukesha County Clerk Kathy Nickolaus announced that the preliminary vote totals she had given to the Associated Press on April 6 did not include 14,315 votes from Brookfield, her county's second largest city and one of the most Republican. The announcement changed the unofficial total, giving Prosser a lead of over 7,000 votes which likely would not be changed by a recount.[67] Other, much smaller errors in the preliminary count were found in other counties favoring both candidates.[68] A final vote canvass of all the counties in Wisconsin gave Prosser an official lead of 7,316 votes on April 15.[69] Kloppenburg did request a recount at taxpayer expense (costing as much as $500,000)[70] and Prosser was eventually declared the winner by 7,006 votes.[71]

New York Times analyst Nate Silver declared on April 8 that Nickolaus' error pointed to incompetence, not conspiracy.[72] However, Democrats called on Nickolaus to resign, citing her previous employment under Prosser in the mid-1990s as a member of the assembly caucus[69] and questions about her procedures and counts in prior elections.[73] State election officials announced an investigation of possible voting irregularities going back to 2006.[74]

Electoral history

2011 Wisconsin Supreme Court Non-partisan general election recount - May 23, 2011[68]
Candidate Votes Percentage
David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 752,694 50.17%
Joanne Kloppenburg 745,690 49.70%
Write ins 1,729 .11%
2011 Wisconsin Supreme Court Non-partisan general election - April 5, 2011[68]
Candidate Votes Percentage
David Prosser (incumbent) 752,323 50.2%
Joanne Kloppenburg 745,007 49.8%
2011 Wisconsin Supreme Court Non-partisan primary election - February 15, 2011[75]
Candidate Votes Percentage
David Prosser (incumbent) 231,017 55%
Joanne Kloppenburg 105,002 25%
Marla Stephens 45,256 11%
Joel Winnig 37,831 9%
2001 Wisconsin Supreme Court General
Non-partisan election[76]
Candidate Votes Percentage
David Prosser (incumbent) 549,860 99.53%
(Scattering) 2,569 0.47%
U.S. House of Representatives, Wisconsin's 8th District 1996 General Election, November 5, 1996[77]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Jay W. Johnson 129,551 52
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. 119,398 48
Democratic gain from Republican
Wisconsin State Assembly 57th District - General Election November 8, 1994[78]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 12,277 100
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 57th District General Election November 1992[79]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 16,392 68
Democratic Michael Meyer 7,790 32
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 57th District General Election November 1990[80]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 11,342 69
Democratic Michael Meyer 5,144 31
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 57th District General Election November 1988[81]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 16,280 73
Democratic Kathleen P. Hartman 6,077 27
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 57th District General Election November 4, 1986[82]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 12,001 74
Democratic Kathleen P. Hartman 4,291 26
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 57th District General Election November 1984[83]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 16,728 100
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 79th District General Election November 1982[84]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 10,855 68
Democratic David N. Innis 5,135 32
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 42nd District General Election November 1980[85]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. (incumbent) 13,301 100
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 42nd District General Election November 7, 1978[86]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. 9,991 66
Democratic James F. Schreiter 5,124 34
Republican hold
Wisconsin State Assembly 42nd District Primary Election September 12, 1978[87]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. 3,822 69
Republican Arnold E. Grommer 1,685 31
Wisconsin State Assembly 42nd District Primary Election September 12, 1972[88]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Tobias A. Roth 4,383 53
Republican David T. Prosser, Jr. 3,256 39
Republican Norman Austin 402 5
Republican Neal W. Wellman 227 3

References

  1. 1 2 3 Monica Davey (2011-04-05). "Wisconsin Election Turns Into Referendum on Governor". The New York Times.
  2. 1 2 Monica Davey (June 25, 2011). "Wisconsin Judge Said to Have Attacked Colleague". The New York Times.
  3. 1 2 Jason Stein and Larry Sandler (August 25, 2011). "Special prosecutor: No charges for Prosser, Bradley in fracas". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved November 21, 2013. Sauk County District Attorney Patricia Barrett steered clear of specifics about her reasons not to issue charges 'The totality of the facts and the circumstances and all of the evidence that I reviewed did not support my filing criminal charges,' Barrett said
  4. 1 2 Dee J. Hall (March 16, 2012). "Judicial Commission recommends discipline for Prosser". Wisconsin State Journal. Retrieved September 6, 2012.
  5. 1 2 Bruce Vielmetti (August 10, 2012). "Gableman joins recusals in Prosser discipline case". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
  6. ↑ Staff reporter (1943-01-04). "Anne Boswell Is Engaged to Jack Monroe". The Chicago Tribune.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 "1979-1980 blue book: Biographies and pictures". The State of Wisconsin. 1980. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
  8. ↑ "Prosser, Jr., David T. 1942". Dictionary of Wisconsin History. Wisconsin Historical Society. Retrieved 2011-04-16.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Supreme Court Justices - David T. Prosser Jr.". Wisconsin Court System.
  10. ↑ AP staff reporter (1998-09-10). "Prosser joins Supreme Court Geske replacement: Justice begins hearing arguments after hearing ceremony". The Telegraph Herald. Dubuque, Iowa. Associated Press. Retrieved 2011-04-16.
  11. ↑ UPI staff reporter (1981-05-06). "Sexual activity bill gets reprieve". The Telegraph-Herald. Dubuque, Iowa. UPI. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  12. ↑ "A home run for state, Milwaukee". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 1995-09-25. Retrieved 2011-04-04.
  13. 1 2 3 Amy Rinard (1996-12-10). "Thompson Appoints Prosser To Tax Appeals Commission". Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  14. ↑ Richard P. Jones (1998-09-05). "Prosser named to Supreme Court - Thompson selection comes days before justices will begin new term" (Pay per view). Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
  15. ↑ Walters, Steven (1998-05-15). "Lawmakers back Prosser for high court". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-16.
  16. ↑ Journal Sentinel editorial board (2011-04-02). "Prosser a vote for independence" (opinion). Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  17. ↑ Ziemer, David (2010-08-09). "Ziegler in majority most often". Wisconsin Law Journal. Retrieved 2011-04-03.
  18. 1 2 Patrick Marley (2010-10-04). "Online court records misused? State justice Prosser in favor of limiting access to prevent discrimination". Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  19. ↑ Alex De Grand (2010-01-22). "Wisconsin Supreme Court adopts amended recusal rules". State Bar of Wisconsin.
  20. ↑ "Denial of Motion to Vacate Decision Related to the Disqualification of Justice" (PDF). James R. Donohoo v. Action Wisconsin, Inc and Christopher Ott Case No 2006AP396. Supreme Court of Wisconsin. 2008-07-30.
  21. ↑ AP staff reporter (2011-03-25). "Prosser says he won't recuse himself in union rights case". Wisconsin Law Journal. The Associated Press. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  22. ↑ "Justice David T. Prosser, Jr. to retire from Supreme Court July 31", Wisconsin Court System, April 27, 2016
  23. ↑ "Supreme Court Justices, Biographies, pgs. 1-16" (PDF). 2003-2004 Wisconsin Blue Book. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  24. 1 2 Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel staff reporter (2008-05-19). "Justice denies wrongdoing in abuse case - Prosser says he urged removal of priest". Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  25. 1 2 "Priest Sex Abuse Case Resurrected In Political Ad". WISN Milwaukee. 2011-03-24. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  26. ↑ AP staff reporter (2008-05-18). "David Prosser Speaks About Priest Abuse". WJFW TV-12, WJFWDT 12.1 and Newswatch 12. The Associated Press. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  27. ↑ AP staff reporter (2008-05-23). "Prosser Defends '78 Meeting". Madison.com. The Associated Press. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  28. ↑ Sharif Durhams and Don Walker (2011-03-25). "Abuse victim criticizes ad against Prosser - 3 years ago, man was critical of decision not to prosecute". Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  29. ↑ "Greater Wisconsin Committee - Candidate supported: JoAnne Kloppenburg". 2011-03-25. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  30. 1 2 "Greater Wisconsin Committee says Supreme Court Justice David Prosser mishandled allegation of sex abuse by priest". Politifact Wisconsin. 2011-03-29. Retrieved 2011-04-02. Barely true
  31. ↑ Sharif Durhams and Don Walker (March 25, 2011). "Abuse victim criticizes ad against Prosser:3 years ago, man was critical of decision not to prosecute". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
  32. ↑ Patrick Marley (2011-03-25). "In Madison debate, Prosser calls Kloppenburg an 'ideologue' - She fires back at justice's role in Supreme Court's divisiveness". Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  33. ↑ "Jensen's Former Employees Defend Old Boss - Lawmaker Embroiled In Misconduct Trial". Channel3000.com. 2006-03-07. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  34. ↑ "Judge Refuses To Toss Charges Against Jensen, Aide". Channel3000.com. 2006-02-03. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  35. ↑ "Editorial: Supreme Court: One issue doesn't add up". Appleton Post Crescent. 2011-03-26. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 Patrick Marley (2011-03-19). "Supreme Court tensions boil over - Prosser says he was goaded into insulting chief justice". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  37. ↑ Jack Zemlicka (2011-03-25). "High court conflict threatens credibility". Wisconsin Law Journal. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  38. 1 2 "Wisconsin justice says he doesn't start fights on court". Superior Telegram. 2011-03-22. Retrieved 2011-04-02. (subscription required (help)). Wisconsin Supreme Court Justice David Prosser said Tuesday that liberal-leaning justices have orchestrated the bitter infighting that has consumed the court to hurt his chances at re-election.
  39. 1 2 "Bradley says Prosser choked her". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. June 25, 2011.
  40. 1 2 3 Crocker Stephenson, Cary Spivak and Patrick Marley. "Justices' feud gets physical: Prosser, Bradley clashed on eve of union ruling". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
  41. 1 2 Crocker Stephenson (June 25, 2011). "Prosser: Reports false that he placed hands on neck of other justice". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
  42. 1 2 John Hart (June 26, 2011). "Wis. justice accuses colleague of choking her". USAToday. Associated Press.
  43. 1 2 "Wis. justice accuses colleague of choking her". MSNBC. Associated Press.
  44. ↑ Two probes opened into Bradley claim. JSOnline, June 27, 2011
  45. ↑ Ethics violations filed against Prosser
  46. ↑ Patrick Marley (2010-12-09). "First dust-up emerges in race for Supreme Court". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  47. ↑ "Kloppenburg, Prosser Spar Over Impartiality". WTMJ4 (AP). 2011-03-22. Retrieved 2011-03-30.
  48. ↑ Abe Sauer (2011-03-24). "Wisconsin's Nasty Spring Election: Impartiality with Its Sleeves Rolled". The Awl. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  49. ↑ "Kloppenburg says Wisconsin Supreme Court Justice Prosser "has prejudged matters that are likely to come before the court"". PolitiFact Wisconsin. Politifact.com. 2011-03-27. Retrieved 2011-04-02. Barely true
  50. ↑ Sandler, Larry (2011-02-10). "Prosser tops Milwaukee bar ratings for state high court". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-04.
  51. ↑ Wausau Daily Herald Editorial Board (2011-02-07). "In The Primary Elections We endorse". Wausau Daily Herald. Retrieved 2011-04-02. ;
    Sun Prairie Star Editorial Board (2011-02-04). "Our View: We Endorse ... Prosser, Bruskewitz get our nods". Sun Prairie Star. Sun Prairie, WI. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
    Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Editorial Board (2011-02-11). "We back Prosser - David Prosser is a hard-working, experienced justice. He is not the primary cause of the Supreme Court's squabbling.". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  52. ↑ Steven Elbow (2011-03-23). "Enraged by Walker, activists put Kloppenburg's Supreme Court campaign on their shoulders". The Capital Times. Madison.com. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  53. ↑ AP staff reporter (2011-03-28). "Supreme Court race all about union bargaining law". Beloit Daily News. The Associated Press. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  54. ↑ WTAQ staff (2011-03-15). "Supreme Court Candidates Unhappy With Partisan Aspect in Race". WTAQ News Talk 97.5FM. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  55. ↑ "State Supreme Court candidates face off in heated race". Green Bay Press Gazette. 2011-03-27. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
  56. ↑ JR Ross (2011-03-28). "Prosser says his defeat would destroy judicial independence, Kloppenburg knocks him as partisan". WisPolitics. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  57. ↑ "Former Gov. Lucey Leaves Prosser's Campaign, Endorses Kloppenburg". Channel3000.com. 2011-04-01. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  58. ↑ Wausau Daily Herald Editorial board (2011-03-24). "We endorse ... For state Supreme Court: JoAnne Kloppenburg". Wausau Daily Herald. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  59. ↑ Capitol Times editorial board (2011-03-16). "Put independent Kloppenburg on court". Capitol Times. Madison, WI: Madison.com. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  60. ↑ Sun Prairie Editorial Board (2011-03-24). "Our View: We endorse... Bruskewitz, Prosser among those receiving our April 5 election nods". Sun Prairie Star. Sun Prairie, WI. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
    "Prosser a vote for independence". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 2011-04-02. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
    "Palin endorses Prosser in Wis. Supreme Court race". Wisconsin Law Journal. April 1, 2001. Archived from the original on April 16, 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-02.
  61. ↑ AP staff reporter (2011-03-28). "20 percent turnout expected for Wis April election". Madison.com. The Associated Press. Retrieved August 8, 2012.
  62. ↑ Todd Richmond (2011-04-06). "Wis. court election too close to call amid anger over union rights law". Associated Press.
  63. ↑ "Unofficial Wis. results show court challenger leads by 204 votes". USA Today. 2011-04-06. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
  64. ↑ "Kloppenburg declares victory". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 2011-04-06. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
  65. ↑ Bill Glauber, Jason Stein and Sharif Durhams (2011-04-09). "Prosser camp open to Waukesha County-only recount; Election officials scrutinizing voting results". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved November 21, 2013.
  66. 1 2 3 "Updated vote tallies for state Supreme Court". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. 2011-04-15.
  67. 1 2 "Canvass shows conservative incumbent wins Wisconsin supreme court race". FOX News. Associated Press. 2011-04-15.
  68. ↑ Kloppenburg requests recount in state Supreme Court race
  69. ↑ Prosser wins recount in Wisconsin Supreme Court race
  70. ↑ Nate Silver (2011-04-08). "Vote-Counting Error In Wisconsin Points to Incompetence, Not Conspiracy". The New York Times.
  71. ↑ Mike Johnson (2011-04-11). "Expanded probe of Waukesha County election procedures sought State Democrats make request after an apparent discrepancy is discovered in 2006 results". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
  72. ↑ Michael Winter (2011-04-15). "Canvass shows Wis. incumbent Justice Prosser has won re-election". USA Today.
  73. ↑ "Canvass Results for 2011 Spring Primary" (PDF). Wisconsin Government Accountability Board. 2011-02-15. Retrieved 2011-04-16.
  74. ↑ "Wisconsin State Elections Board Results of Spring General Election 04/03/2001". Wisconsin Government Accountability Board. 2001-05-03. Retrieved 2011-03-25.
  75. ↑ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election" (PDF). Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives. November 5, 1996.
  76. ↑ "1995-1996 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1995. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  77. ↑ "1993-1994 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1993. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  78. ↑ "1991-1992 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1991. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  79. ↑ "1989-1990 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1989. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  80. ↑ "1987-1988 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1987. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  81. ↑ "1985-1986 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1985. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  82. ↑ "1983-1984 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1983. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  83. ↑ "1981-1982 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1981. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  84. ↑ "1979-1980 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1979. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  85. ↑ "1979-1980 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1979. Retrieved 2011-04-12.
  86. ↑ "1973 blue book: Elections in Wisconsin". The State of Wisconsin. 1973. Retrieved 2011-04-12.

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Preceded by
Janine Geske		 Associate Justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court
1998–2016 		Succeeded by
Daniel Kelly
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