Delancey Place

Sidewalk on south side of the 1800 block of Delancey Place.
The 2000 block of Delancey Place, with Rosenbach Museum in foreground.
Rittenhouse area of Philadelphia in 1875, a decade after the Civil War, showing most of Delancey Place already established.

Delancey Place in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania is a series of nine mostly unconnected side streets in the Rittenhouse area of the city between 17th and 26th streets. It is known for its visual appeal and historical association with the upper class of Philadelphia society.[1] This is especially true of the 1800 and 2000 blocks, lined with Civil War–era mansions that have changed little in appearance over the years. There are similar mansions on other streets in the Rittenhouse area (e.g., Pine, Spruce, and Locust), but many have converted to apartment buildings and those streets have become more urbanized. Delancey Place, on the other hand, is not as busy and is considered to be the most prestigious address in Philadelphia.[2][3][4] Some notable residents have included General George Meade (no. 1836) who defeated Lee’s Confederate forces at Gettysburg, the Rosenbach brothers (nos. 2008–2010 Delancey Place) who played a central role in developing the most important collections of rare books in the United States, as well as presidents and CEOs of some of the largest companies in the city and country. The 2000 block of Delancey Place, is the city’s ‘most filmed residential block’.[2][3]

History

Philadelphia expanded into the rural areas west of Broad Street during the 19th century, and especially during the middle decades (~1840–1870).[1][5] The original grid work of streets designed by William Penn in 1683,[6] with some minor adjustment, was already in place, but side streets were needed to accommodate houses.[1] Delancey Place originated during this active time, being named for William Heathcote DeLancey (1797–1865), provost of the University of Pennsylvania (1828–1834) and a bishop of the Episcopal Church. The initial portion (1800 block) was called De Lancey Place.[7] Residents refused to change the suffix (‘Place’) after the city legislated the change to ‘Delancey Street” in 1895, so the city eventually changed it back to ‘Delancey Place’ in 1941.[8]

The 1800, 2000, and 2100 ‘Federal’ blocks comprise mostly Civil War–era houses built in the style of the earlier Federal Period (1785–1815) and are characterized by red brick facades, white marble trim, and semicircular fanlights above doorways.[9][10] Most of the original houses remain today, especially on the 1800 and 2000 blocks where they are palatial in size, giving those blocks a historical atmosphere.[1] The 1800 block opened 1853–55 [1][11] followed by construction of an initial row of 9 houses (nos. 1800–1818) in 1857 [12][13] and the entire block was complete and occupied by the end of 1860.[7][14] The 2000 block opened in 1860 [14] and is 25% longer than typical blocks in Philadelphia, a holdover from the early symmetrical grid having a wider street near each river.[6][15][16] A row of 9 houses (nos. 2000–2018) listed in the National Register of Historic Places was complete and occupied by 1864.[7][17] The Rosenbach Museum is located in two of these (nos. 2008–2010). After a short pause in construction for several years, the rest of the 2000 block was done by circa 1870 [17][18][19][20] and included some red brick houses, especially on the north side, with brownstone trim and bracketed window hoods and thus mixing Federal and Second Empire (Victorian) styles. Overall, houses on the 1800 and 2000 blocks are similar in having four stories, but the top floors on the 2000 block (some added later) are set back with dormers, giving an illusion of 3-story houses and allowing more light on the street. Houses in the 2100 block, initially called ‘Walter Street,’ were built during 1859–1865, starting with the north side.[13][14][17] They also have mostly Federal-style houses but are somewhat smaller and more variable, reflecting subsequent changes.

The 1700 and 1900 ‘carriage house’ blocks [4] were used for businesses and stables in the 19th century, delaying development. Those carriage houses likely serviced the mansions on the 1800 and 2000 blocks. The 1700 block was ‘Cox Street’ on early maps [7][13] and was in place by 1838.[16] Plays and Players Theatre, at 1714 Delancey Place, originally called ‘Little Theatre of Philadelphia’,[21] is one of the oldest professional theater companies in the United States, founded in 1911. Actor Kevin Bacon performed there as a child in 1974. The 1900 block was in place by 1849 as ‘Howell Street’ [22] with a paper factory occupying the entire north side, and with various small houses and stables on the south side.[13] Directories in the late 1850s [17] show residents of Howell St being classified as laborers, suggesting that the original small houses were boarding houses. By the mid-1870s, nearly all of the houses were gone, converted to liveries and stables.[23][24] Most of the current houses on these blocks were built in the early 20th century (1910-1923),[25][26] after the stables were removed, although one of the original carriage houses remains, at no. 1718.

The short 2200 and 2300 ‘Victorian’ blocks were built in the 1870s, with houses characterized by bay windows, stone trim, and bracketed window hoods. The 2200 block was a large rail road yard with stables as late as 1875 [23] but was soon thereafter (circa 1879) developed by William Weightman.[27] At the time it was called ‘Trinity Place,’ in reference to the adjacent Holy Trinity Chapel on Spruce Street. By 1884, it was complete and occupied.[28][29][30] The 2300 block appeared as an eastward extension of Factory Street in 1862 [7] but with no houses. It was gone by 1874 [20] but reappeared in 1875 [23][31] as West Delancey Place with all houses constructed, and by 1884 all houses were occupied.[29] Each block has two styles of houses built at the same time and arranged in a symmetrical pattern down the block: one with a red brick facade lacking street-side bay windows and the other with a brownstone facade having stone-framed bay windows (engraved with ornamentation above).

The 2400 and 2500 ‘Schuylkill’ blocks, also short, are near the Schuylkill River and have a shared history in being ‘Factory Street’ in the 19th century, with mostly warehouses and stables, as early as 1840.[7][13][23][24][28][30][32] The 2400 block had small brick houses as early as 1860 [7][13] and some of those remain, although current houses are a mix of styles and ages. The 2500 block now has 10 luxury townhomes on the south side of the street, built in 2005, with Schuylkill River Park on the north side.

Delancey Place versus Delancey Street

Historically, ‘Delancey Place’ has only been used for streets in the Rittenhouse area between 17th and 26th streets. However, in an effort by the city to simplify street names in 1895, several side streets across the city, between Spruce and Pine Streets, were renamed to ‘Delancey Street,’ including streets formerly called ‘Delancey Place.” It affected some streets that had gone by other names since the late 18th century such as Union Street. The effort was successful for the low-numbered blocks between Front and 8th streets, and the high-numbered blocks between 34th and 63rd streets. However, it was a failure for the original blocks of 'Delancey' in the Rittenhouse area, where residents refused to change, and continued to use the name ‘Delancey Place’ as their address in directories, despite most street maps using the name ‘Delancey Street.’.[21][26] Finally, the city reversed their decision in 1941 and recognized ‘Delancey Place’ as the official name for streets between 17th and 26th that they had called ‘Delancey Street’ in 1895, as well as fixing the spelling of 'Delancey' to a lower case 'l'.[8] Although the Philadelphia city government recognizes "Delancey Place" on their official street map [33] as does Google Maps, other businesses and agencies do not, including the United States Postal Service and major real-estate web-listing companies such as Zillow, Trulia, and Redfin, which still use ‘Delancey Street’ instead of ‘Delancey Place’ for the blocks between 17th and 26th Streets, or a hybrid of the two names.

In popular culture

Scenes from at least five movies and a TV show were filmed on Delancey Place and all on the 2000 block, which is Philadelphia’s ‘most filmed residential block’.[2][3] In the films and show, the main characters live in real houses on the block, in nos. 2006, 2014, 2032, 2036, and 2037 Delancey Place. In Trading Places (1983), a poor street hustler named Billy Rae Valentine (played by Eddie Murphy) trades places with the managing director of a brokerage firm, Louis Winthorpe III (played by Dan Aykroyd), who lives at 2014 Delancey Place. Jamie Lee Curtis plays Ophelia, a prostitute befriended by Winthorpe. In one scene, the Rolls Royce carrying Billy Rae drives down the street showing the federal architecture (as seen from above) and pulls in front of the house. In The Sixth Sense (1999), Bruce Willis plays a child psychologist, Malcolm Crowe, who was killed in his house, 2006 Delancey Place, by a former patient, but doesn’t realize that he is dead and interacts during the movie with a new child patient, Cole Sear (played by Haley Joel Osment), who can see ghosts. In one scene, Malcolm stands in front of the old, federal houses with arched doorways on the street, at night. Toni Collette plays Cole’s mother. The Answer Man (2009) is a romantic comedy starring Jeff Daniels, who plays a world-famous author (Arlen Faber), who ends up dating an overprotective single mother, played by Lauren Graham; Lou Taylor Pucci plays a bookstore owner. The movie was filmed on the 2000 block and inside Arlen’s home at 2032 Delancey Place. How Do You Know (2010) is a love triangle comedy that includes scenes filmed at Rittenhouse Square and on the 2000 block of Delancey Place,[3] although the exact location is not obvious. It stars Reese Witherspoon, Jack Nicholson, Owen Wilson, and Paul Rudd. The Best and the Brightest (2010), starring Neil Patrick Harris and Bonnie Somerville, is about a young couple’s efforts to place their daughter in an elite school. Many scenes were filmed on the 2000 block of Delancey Place, including inside and outside the home of the characters at no. 2037. Jimmy Smit’s character in the TV show Outlaw (2010), a Supreme Court judge, lived at 2036 Delancey, which appears in the pilot episode. And the opening sequence in the short-lived TV show Angie was said to have been filmed at 1823 Delancey Place.[2] Scenes in several other movies, including Rocky II (1979) starring Sylvester Stallone, Mannequin (1987) starring Andrew McCarthy and Kim Cattrall, In Her Shoes (2005) starring Cameron Diaz, Shirley MacLaine, and Toni Collette, and The Happening (2008) starring Mark Wahlberg, were filmed a few streets away in nearby Rittenhouse Square. The exceptional use of this one city block by the movie and TV industry relates to the history and aesthetics of Delancey Place, and cultural setting as an idyllic city street. For example, in Trading Places, it was used to convey great wealth of the main character whereas in The Answer Man, the aesthetics of the street was utilized in a strolling scene,[34] where the two main characters were interacting.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Sauers, Richard A. (2003). Guide to Civil War Philadelphia. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-81232-0.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Philadelphia Sites That Have Figured In The Films". philly-archives. Retrieved 2016-06-11.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "The city's a stage, especially this block Pilot is new chance for local film industry.". philly-archives. Retrieved 2016-06-11.
  4. 1 2 "Rittenhouse Square". lorahemphill.com. Retrieved 2016-06-11.
  5. ↑ Weigley, RF (eds); et al. (1982). Philadelphia: A 300-Year History. New York and London: W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 4–5. ISBN 0-393-01610-2.
  6. 1 2 Holmes, Thomas (1683) Portraiture of the city of Philadelphia. A. Sowle, London.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Smedley, Samuel L. (1862). Smedley’s 1862 Atlas of the City of Philadelphia. J. B. Lippincott, Philadelphia
  8. 1 2 Alotta, Robert I (1990). Mermaids, monasteries, Cherokees, and Custer: the stories behind Philadelphia street names. Bonus Books, Inc. ISBN 0-933893-90-6.
  9. ↑ New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (2005). "Rowhouse Styles" (PDF).
  10. ↑ "Philadelphia Rowhouse Manual" (PDF). Philadelphia Rowhouse Manual. Philadelphia City Planning Commission. 2008.
  11. ↑ McElroy, A. (1857). McElroy’s Philadelphia City Directory. Edward C. and John Biddle & Company, Philadelphia
  12. ↑ McElroy, A. (1858). McElroy’s Philadelphia City Directory. Edward C. and John Biddle & Company, Philadelphia.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hexamer, Ernest, and William Locher (1858–1860) Maps of the City of Philadelphia. Ernest Hexamer and William Locher, Philadelphia.
  14. 1 2 3 McElroy, A. (1861). McElroy’s Philadelphia City Directory. Edward C. and John Biddle & Company, Philadelphia.
  15. ↑ Hills, John (1797). This Plan of the City of Philadelphia. John Hills, Philadelphia.
  16. 1 2 Bradford, T. G. (1838). Philadelphia 1838. T. G. Bradford, Philadelphia.
  17. 1 2 3 4 McElroy, A. (1840–1867). McElroy’s Philadelphia City Directory. Edward C. and John Biddle & Company, Philadelphia.
  18. ↑ Gopsill, James (1869). Gopsill’s Philadelphia City Directory. James Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia.
  19. ↑ Gopsill, James (1870). Gopsill’s Philadelphia City Directory. James Gopsill’s Sons, Philadelphia.
  20. 1 2 Jones, G.H., Graves, W.H., Brown, J. H., and Pomeroy, A. (1874). Atlas of Philadelphia. G. H. Jones & Company, Philadelphia.
  21. 1 2 Smith, Elvino V. (1908, revised 1914). Atlas of the City of Philadelphia. Elvino V. Smith C. E., Philadelphia.
  22. ↑ Sydney, J. C. (1849). Map of the City of Philadelphia. Smith & Wistar, Philadelphia.
  23. 1 2 3 4 Hopkins, G.M. (1875). City Atlas of Philadelphia. G. M. Hopkins, Philadelphia.
  24. 1 2 Jones, G. H. (1874). Alas of Philadelphia. G. H. Jones & Company, Philadelphia.
  25. ↑ Bromley, G. W. (1910). Atlas of the city of Philadelphia. G. W. Bromley & Company, Philadelphia.
  26. 1 2 Smith, Elvino V. (1923). Atlas of the City of Philadelphia. Elvino V. Smith C. E., Philadelphia.
  27. ↑ Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia (2014). "Rittenhouse West" (PDF). Philadelphia, PA: Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia.
  28. 1 2 Bromley, G. W. (1895). Atlas of the city of Philadelphia. G. W. Bromley & Company, Philadelphia.
  29. 1 2 Boyd's blue book: A directory from selected streets of Philadelphia and surroundings. (1882). Philadelphia, Pa: C.E. Howe Co.
  30. 1 2 Baist GW (1895). Baist's Property Atlas of Philadelphia. Surveyor & Map Publisher, Philadelphia.
  31. ↑ "Victorian Treasures From The Flourishes Of City Hall To Gravestones In Cemeteries, Phila. Abounds In Ornate Structures.". philly-archives. Retrieved 2016-06-11.
  32. ↑ Tanner, Henry S., Junior (1840). Philadelphia (map). Henry S. Tanner, Junior, Philadelphia.
  33. ↑ "City of Philadelphia Map". phila.gov. Retrieved 2016-06-14.
  34. ↑ Paetzold, Heinz (2013). The aesthetics of city strolling. Contemporary Aesthetics vol. 11, p.10.
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