Demographics of Uttar Pradesh

The demographics of Uttar Pradesh is a complex topic, which is undergoing dynamic change. Uttar Pradesh is India`s most populous state. It has a population of about 199,581,477 as per the 2011 census. If it were a separate country, Uttar Pradesh would be the world's fifth most populous nation, next only to China, India, the United States of America and Indonesia. There is an average population density of 828 persons per km² i.e. 2,146 per sq mi. The capital of Uttar Pradesh is Lucknow. Hindus and Muslims consider the state as a holy place.

The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Bind, Chero, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recoginised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.[1] The Literacy rate of the state according to the 2011 Census is 70.69%. With the literacy rate for Males at 79.20%, while it is 59.30% for the Females. While this is still below the national average of 74.04% (82.14% for men, 65.16% for women) the rate of growth has been much higher in Uttar Pradesh as compared to the rest of India.

Rank of districts

Following rankings are as per Population Census 2011.[3]

By area

  1. Lakhimpur Kheri -7,680
  2. Sonbhadra - 6,999
  3. Hardoi - 5,986
  4. Bahraich - 5,745
  5. Sitapur - 5,743

By population

  1. Allahabad - 5,954,391
  2. Moradabad - 4,772,006
  3. Ghaziabad - 4,681,645
  4. Azamgarh - 4,613,913
  5. Lucknow - 4,589,838
  6. Kanpur Nagar - 4,581,268
  7. Jaunpur - 4,494,204
  8. Sitapur - 4,483,992
  9. Bareilly - 4,448,359
  10. Gorakhpur - 4,440,895

By population density

  1. Ghaziabad - 1995
  2. Varanasi - 1954
  3. Lucknow - 1456
  4. Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) - 1409
  5. Kanpur Nagar - 1366

By literacy

  1. Noida - 80.12%
  2. Kanpur Nagar - 79.65 %
  3. Auraiya - 78.95%
  4. Etawah - 78.41 %
  5. Ghaziabad - 78.07 %

By sex ratio

  1. Jaunpur - 1024
  2. Azamgarh -1018
  3. Deoria - 1003
  4. Mau - 984
  5. Pratapgarh - 982

Religion

Religion in Uttar Pradesh 2011
Religion Percent
Hindus
  
 79.73%
Islam
  
 19.26%
Others
  
 1.01%

In U.P. the religion-wise percentage of population is Hindus 79.73 Muslims 21.26, Sikhs 0.32, Jains 0.11, Buddhists 0.10, Christians 0.18 while 0.29% people didn't stated their religion.[3][4]

Caste demographics

Castes of Uttar Pradesh [5][6][7][8][9]
Caste Population (%)
Yadavs 8%
Jats 1.7%
KUSHWAHA(MAURYA, SHAKYA, KOERI, KACHHI, SAINI) 8%
Kurmi 3%
Other OBCs(including muslim OBCs) 18%
Jatavs Dalits 9%
Non-Jatav Dalits 11%
Tribals 0.8%
Brahmins 10%
Thakur 8%
Vaishya 2%
Tyagi and Bhumihar 1.1%
Muslims 19.26%
Christians 0.18%

As per 2011 census, Dalits constitute 20.5% of Uttar Pradesh population.[10] Other Backward Classes (OBCs) constitute 40% of U.P population.[11][12] Forward castes constitute around 18-20% of Uttar Pradesh population.[13]

Racial and ancestral makeup

Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with a population of over 199.5 million people on 1 March 2011. It is more populated than the world's 242 countries. If independent it would be the 6th largest country in the world. At the 2001 census of India, about 80% of Uttar Pradesh population is Hindu, while Muslims make up around 18% of the population. The remaining population consists of Sikhs, Buddhists, Christians and Jains.

The population of Uttar Pradesh is divided into numerous castes and sub-castes. Historically, Hindu society is divided into four sub-divisions or varnas, the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras. Muslims are also divided as the Shias and Sunnis. In actual practice, Hindu society in generally used to be divided into numerous lineage groups called jatis. Each jati is then sub-divided into clans, called gotras.

The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Chero, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recoginised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.[1]

Languages

Green = Brij or Harit Pradesh, Yellow = Awadh, Blue = Bundelkhand, Purple = Purvanchal, White = Baghelkhand

In terms of languages, most people in Uttar Pradesh speak the various dialects of Hindustani, which in a literate form is referred to as Urdu and Hindi. In addition, Uttar Pradesh is home a number of languages, which are sometimes referred to as dialects. Each of the dialect zone has acquired its own distinctive identity, through myths, legends and folklore. Traditionally, five distinct regions tend to be identified, which correspond to a particular dialect grouping. In western Uttar Pradesh, the region of Rohilkhand and the upper Doab is home to the speakers of Khari Boli. The lower Doab is referred to as Braj Bhumi, or the land of Braj, and is home to the speakers of Braj Bhasha. Further south, the Bundelkhand region is home to Bundelkhandi speakers. In central Uttar Pradesh is the region of Awadh, which is also home to the speakers of Awadhi. And final eastern Uttar Pradesh is home to Bhojpuri speakers. Often these dialects merged into each other, for example in Shahjahanpur, Khari boli merges into Awadhi.[14]

However, older districts of Basti, Jaunpur,and western Mirzapur in Purvanchal and Shahjehanpur, Pilbhit, Eastern Badayun and Eastern Farrukhabad in central UP are Awadhi speaking.

See also

References

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