Eloise Blaine Cram

Eloise Blaine Cram
Born	Eloise Blain Cram June 11, 1896 Davenport, Iowa, United States
Died	February 9, 1957 (aged 60) San Diego, San Diego County, California, US
Cause of death	Bone cancer
Resting place	Oakdale Memorial Gardens Davenport, Iowa[1]
Nationality	American
Education	University of Chicago (1919) George Washington University (Ph.D.)
Occupation	Zoologist, parasitologist
Parent(s)	Ralph Warren Cram Mabel LaVenture

Eloise Blaine Cram (1896-February 9, 1957) was a zoologist and parasitologist,

Biography

She was born in Davenport, Iowa, in 1896, daughter of prominent newspaperman Ralph Warren Cram and Mabel (LaVenture) Cram. She graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of Chicago in 1919, and received her PhD from George Washington University in 1925. She died, of bone cancer, in San Diego, California, on February 9, 1957.^[2]

Zoologist

In 1920, Cram entered government service as a zoologist for the USDA Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI), where she became noted as a world authority on the parasites of poultry, and eventually rose to the position of Head, Parasites of Poultry and Game Birds. In 1936, Cram left the BAI to take a position at the Zoology Lab of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, where she remained until her retirement in 1956.

Contributions to science

While at the NIH, Cram contributed to the scientific study of pinworm, but her major contribution to parasitology and to science in general was her pioneering research into curbing the disease schistosomiasis (liver flukes), endemic to tropical regions. She made breakthrough discoveries regarding the life- and vector cycles of snails key to transmission of the often-fatal disease to humans, thus aiding in reducing the international health costs of the disease.^[3] By the time of her retirement, Cram had produced over 160 papers and monographs on various subjects relating to animal parasitology, had become an international authority on helminthic diseases,^[4][5] and was working in the NIH's lab on tropical diseases. In 1955, the year before her retirement, she served a term as the only woman president of the American Society of Parasitologists.^[6]

References

1. "Oakdale City Cemetery". Scott Co, Iowa USGenWeb Project. Retrieved 2014-08-05.
2. "Eloise Cram Papers". USDA National Agricultural Library Special Collections. Retrieved 2014-12-13.
3. Marilyn Ogilvie; Joy Harvey (2000). "Eloise Blaine Cram". Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science. Retrieved 2014-12-13.
4. "Eloise Cram". Google Scholar. Retrieved 2014-12-13.
5. "Cram, Eloise B. (Eloise Blaine) 1896-". WorldCat Identities. Retrieved 2014-12-13.
6. "Eloise Blaine Cram" (PDF). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington. 24 (1): 146–147. Retrieved 2014-12-13.