Enoplia

Enoplia
A mermithid
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Nematoda
Class:	Enoplea
Subclass:	Enoplia Pearse, 1942
Orders
Enoplida Trefusiida Triplonchida

The Enoplia are a subclass of nematodes in class Enoplea.

Description

Enoplians are characterized by amphids shaped like ovals, stirrups, or pouches. Their bodies are smooth, without rings or lines. The esophagus is cylindrical and glandular.^[1]

Taxonomy

Lorenzen described two orders, Enoplida and Trefusiida, in the 1980s based on morphology. With the advent of phylogenetic analysis, a reorgaisation has been necessary, moving the Triplonchida here to create three orders and expanding it.^{[1][2] [3]}

The orders are distinguished mainly by habitat type.^[4][3]

• Enoplida Filipjev, 1929 – nematodes of marine and brackish water habitat, carnivorous or feed on diatoms and other algaes
• Triplonchida Cobb, 1920 – terrestrial nematodes, including some plant parasites
• Trefusiida Lorenzen, 1981

References

1. Subclass Enoplia. Nemaplex: Nematode-Plant Expert Information System. University of California, Davis. Version July 26, 2012.
2. Phylum Nematoda. Nematode Classification. Department of Nematology. University of California, Riverside.
3. Lee 2010.
4. Bik, H. M.; et al. (2010). "Moving towards a complete molecular framework of the Nematoda: a focus on the Enoplida and early-branching clades" (PDF). BMC Evol Biol. 10: 353. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-10-353. PMC 2995457. PMID 21073704.

Bibliography

• Blaxter, Mark L.; De Ley, Paul; Garey, James R.; Liu, Leo X.; Scheldeman, Patsy; Vierstraete, Andy; Vanfleteren, Jacques R.; Mackey, Laura Y.; Dorris, Mark; Frisse, Linda M.; Vida, J. T.; Thomas, W. Kelley (5 March 1998). "A molecular evolutionary framework for the phylum Nematoda". Nature. 392 (6671): 71–75. doi:10.1038/32160. PMID 9510248. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
• Lee, Donald L, ed. (2010). The biology of nematodes. London: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0415272114. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
• De Ley, P & Blaxter, M 2004, 'A new system for Nematoda: combining morphological characters with molecular trees, and translating clades into ranks and taxa'. in R Cook & DJ Hunt (eds), Nematology Monographs and Perspectives. vol. 2, E.J. Brill, Leiden, pp. 633-653.