Equipment of the Iranian Army

From 1925 to the Iranian Revolution in 1979, Iran was mostly equipped with Western hardware. Cases exist where Iran was supplied with equipment even before it was made standard in the countries that developed it (for example the US F-14 Tomcat, or the British Chieftain Tank). Primary suppliers included the United States, Britain, France, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), Italy, Israel, and the Soviet Union.

The Iran–Iraq War, and post revolutionary sanctions at the time had a dramatic effect on Iran's inventory of western equipment. Under the pressures of war all supplies were quickly exhausted and replacements became increasingly difficult to come by. The war eventually forced Iran to turn towards the Soviet Union, North Korea, Brazil, and China to meet its short term military requirements. Initial developments in every field of military technology were carried out with the technical support of Russia, China, and North Korea to lay the foundations for future industries.

Iranian reliance on these countries has rapidly decreased over the last decade in most sectors where Iran sought to gain total independence; however, in some sectors such as the Aerospace sector and missile technology Iran is still greatly reliant on external help. Iran has developed the capacity to reverse engineer existing foreign hardware, adapt it to its own requirements and then manufacture the finished product. Examples of this are the Boragh and the IAMI Azarakhsh. In an attempt to make its military industries more sustainable Iran has also sought to export its military products.

This page includes weapons used by both Iranian army and Revolutionary Guards ground forces.

Infantry weapons

Small arms

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
PC-9 ZOAF Semi-automatic pistol Iran 9 mm pistol, unlicensed local production variant of the Swiss SIG Sauer P226.[1]
M1911A1 Semi-automatic pistol United States .45 ACP pistol.[2][3]
MPT-9 Submachine gun Germany/Iran Heckler & Koch MP5 manufactured under licence[4]
Uzi Submachine gun Israel [5]
Nakhjir Sniper rifle USSR/Iran SVD manufactured under license[6]
Siyavash sniper rifle Sniper rifle Iran Domestically produced lightweight sniper weighing 6.5 kg (14 lb) loaded[7]
Steyr HS .50/Sayyad Anti-material rifle Austria/Iran [8]
Shaher Anti-material rifle Iran Iranian 14.5 mm anti material rifle.
Taktab Anti-material rifle Iran Iranian 20 mm anti material sniper rifle [9]
S.5'56 Assault rifle Iran Copy of the Norinco CQ. In service with Saberin unit.[10]
Arash Anti-material rifle Iran Iranian 20 mm bullpup anti material rifle.[11][12][13]
KH-2002 Assault rifle Iran Iranian designed 5.56×45mm bullpup rifle. Limited service.[14]
Fateh Assalt rifle Iran Iranian 5.56x45mm clone of American XCR-L and FN SCAR .
AKM Assault rifle USSR [15]
Type 56 Assault rifle China Chinese AKM clone
KL-7.62 Assault rifle Iran Iranian copy of the Chinese Type 56 and AKM. Possibly produced under license. IRGC main service rifle.
H&K G3A6 Battle rifle Germany/Iran Licensed production,[16] Army main service rifle[15]
MGA3 General purpose machine gun Germany/Iran Licensed production[16]
PKM-T80 General purpose machine gun USSR/Iran Local production[15]
MGD Heavy machine gun USSR/Iran Local production[17]
RPK Light machine gun USSR Local production
Akhgar Heavy machine gun Iran Locally produced 7.62 mm 6-barrelled rotary machine gun.
Muharram Heavy machine gun Iran Locally produced 12.7 mm 6-barrelled rotary machine gun.[18]
Nasir automatic grenade launcher Iran 40mm automatic grenade launcher.

Small arms Reference 1:[15] Small arms Reference 2:[19] Small arms Reference 3:[20] Small arms Reference 4:[21]

Infantry anti-tank weapons/unguided

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
SPG-9 Recoilless rifle USSR/Iran [22][23]
M40 Recoilless rifle United States/Iran [23]
RPG-7 USSR/Iran [24]
Type 69 RPG China Chinese copy of Russian RPG-7.
Saegheh Iran Improved version of the RPG-7.[25]
RPG-29 USSR [26]

AT Rockets Reference 1:[19] AT Rockets Reference 2:[27] AT Rockets Reference 3:[20] AT Rockets Reference 4:[21]

Anti-tank guided missile

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
Toophan Anti-tank guided missile + Iran Reverse engineered version of early BGM-71A TOW missile.
Toophan 2/2B Anti-tank guided missile + Iran Reverse engineered US BGM-71C TOW.
Toophan 5 Anti-tank/Anti-helicopter guided missile + Iran Upgraded BGM-71C TOW with laser beam riding guidance system.
Saeghe 1/2 Anti-tank guided missile + Iran Reverse engineered M47 Dragon.[28][29]
9K11 Malyutka/Raad Anti-tank guided missile + USSR/Iran Manufactured in Iran under the name Raad.
9K111 Fagot Anti-tank guided missile + USSR
9M113 Konkurs Anti-tank guided missile + USSR/Iran Built as Towsan-1 or M-113 in Iran.
9K115-2 Metis-M Anti-tank guided missile + Russia/Iran Produced under license from Russia.
MILAN Anti-tank guided missile + France Captured during the Iran-Iraq War. Probably no longer in service.
Dehlavie Anti-tank guided missile + Iran Iranian copy of Kornet.[30][31]

ATGM Reference 1:[32] ATGM Reference 2:[23] ATGM Reference 3:[27]

Vehicles

Armored fighting vehicles

Armored fighting vehicles[23][32]
Model Type Quantity Acquired Notes
Boragh
BMP-1
Armored personnel carrier 350 1997 210 BMP-1 and 140 Boragh According to Global Security http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
Rakhsh Armored personnel carrier 50+
Sarir Armored personnel carrier + IRGC only.
Sayyad Armored fast attack vehicle +
M113 Armored personnel carrier 200
EE-9 Cascavel Armored car 35 According to Global Security 35 are in service http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
BTR-50
BTR-60
Amphibious Armored personnel carrier 250 1966 KPVT 14.5 mm machine gun replaced with DShKM 12.7 mm machine gun or ZSU-23 gun on some vehicles. ATGM launchers added to some vehicles.
BMP-2 Infantry fighting vehicle 400 1991–2001 1,500 ordered in 1991 from Russia and 413 were delivered between 1993 and 2001 of which 82 were delivered directly by Russia and 331 were assembled in Iran.[33] 100 were in service in 1995, 140 in 2000 and 400 in 2002, 2005 and 2008.[32] 400 are currently in service.[34] Some sources claim that production is ongoing.
FV101 Scorpion Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance 80 1997 Tosan is a domestically produced light Tank, based on the FV101 Scorpion
Tosan Tank Light Tank 20 1997
Zulfiqar MBT 3
Zulfiqar MBT 2
Zulfiqar MBT 1
Main Battle Tank 100+
+
150+
1996–present Based on M60 and T-72. Featuring EFCS-3 fire control system and autoloader. Late production Zulfiqar 3 has a RAM camouflage and RWS with mounted DShKM machine gun. 150+ in service Global Security http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
Chieftain
Mobarez
Main battle tank -100(Chieftain) -Mobarez ~50 707 Mk-3P and Mk-5P, 125–189 FV-4030-1, 41 ARV and 14 AVLB obtained before the 1979 revolution. Further planned deliveries of the more capable 4030 series were cancelled at that point. 100 in service as of 2005.Many others upgraded to Mobarez[35]
M60 Patton Main Battle Tank 150 Some sources claim ~150 M60.[36] Locally modernized as the Samsam.[37]
M47 Patton Main Battle Tank 168 ~68 M47 Global Security locally modernized as the Sabalan[36] and Tiam.[38] http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
T-72S Main Battle Tank 480 1994–1999 Iran produced 422 T-72S tanks under licence from Russia from 1993-2001, received 104 T-72M1 tanks from Poland from 1994-1995 and 37 T-72M1 tanks from Belarus starting in 2000.[39] Possible unlicensed production.
T-62 Main Battle Tank 80 http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
T-54/55 Main Battle Tank 100 http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
Type 69 Main Battle Tank 200 http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
Type 59 Main Battle Tank 200 http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
T-72Z Safir-74 Main Battle Tank 238 10 tanks. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm
Karrar Main Battle Tank 2016 Domestic upgrade of T-72S[40]

Other vehicles

Other Vehicles
Model Type Quantity Acquired Notes
Safir Jeep Multipurpose Military vehicle 5000+ 2008 Yearly production of 5000 vehicles [41][42]
Samandar Light Attack Vehicle + [43][44]
Kaviran Multipurpose Military vehicle + [45]
Sepehr Utility vehicle + [46][47]
Aras Multipurpose Military vehicle + [48][49]
Ranger Light Attack Vehicle + [50][51]
Neynava Lightweight Truck + [52]
Mercedes-Benz L-series truck Truck + [53]
Mercedes-Benz Actros Heavy Truck +
KrAZ Trucks Heavy Truck + [53]

Artillery

Mortar

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
37mm Marsh Mortar 37mm Mortar + Iran
HM 12 60mm Mortar + Iran
HM 13 60mm Mortar + Iran
HM 14 60mm Mortar + Iran
HM 15 81mm Mortar + Iran
HM 16 120mm Mortar + Iran
Razm Mortar 120mm Mortar + Iran [45]
Vafa Mortar 160mm Mortar + Iran [48][49]

Mortars Reference 1:[23] Mortars Reference 2:[19]

Towed artillery

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
M101A1 105mm howitzer 130 United States
2A18M 122mm howitzer 550 Russia/China
Type-54 122mm howitzer 100 China
M1954/Type 59-1 130mm howitzer 985 USSR/China In 2002, Iran had 1,100 M-46 in conditional use. By 2012 this number has dropped to 985.
M1955 152mm howitzer 30 USSR/China
WAC-21 155mm howitzer 15 China
GHN-45 155mm howitzer 120 Canada
M-114 155mm howitzer 70 United States
122mm HM 40 122mm howitzer + Iran
155mm HM 41 155mm howitzer + Iran
FH-77B 155mm howitzer 18
G-5 155mm howitzer 50 South Africa In 1990, Iran had 50 G-5. Howerver, there is no current information on the condition of these howitzer.
M-115 203mm howitzer 20 United States
Type 63 MRL/Fajr 1 107mm MRL 1300 1986 Iran/China Global Security http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm

Artillery Reference 1:[34]

Self-propelled artillery

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
2S1 Gvozdika 122mm self-propelled howitzer 60 Russia
Raad 1 122mm self-propelled howitzer + 1996 Iran Based on 2S1 Gvozdika
Raad 2 155mm self-propelled howitzer + 1997 Iran Based on M109
M-109 155mm self-propelled howitzer 180 United States Remanufactured locally as the Hoveyzeh.[54]
M-1978 170mm self-propelled howitzer 20 North Korea
M-107 175mm self-propelled howitzer 30 United States
M-110 203mm self-propelled howitzer 30 United States
Fajr-3 240mm MRLS 19 1994 Iran
Fajr-5 330mm MRLS 19 1990 Iran
Shahin-1 MRLS + 1990 Iran
Shahin-2 MRLS + 1995 Iran
BM-21 Grad 122mm MRLS 100 1978 USSR
122mm Hadid/Azrash/Nur 122mm MRLS 55 1994 Iran Domestic BM-21 developments?

SPA Reference:[32]

Surface-to-surface missiles

This refers to ballistic missiles and not battlefield systems. Iran's missile forces are under the command of the Revolutionary Guards, under the army's authority.
Additional information is available at Air Force of the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution who operate Iran's long-range missiles. Iran was reported to have purchased 18 mobile 3,200-4,000 km Musudan missiles (the extended range version of Soviet R-27 Zyb) in 2005.[55]

Anti ship missiles

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
Kowsar 1/2/3 Anti-ship missile + IranLight ASCM based on Chinese C-701 and TL-10 [56]
Nasr-1 Anti ship missile + IranLight ASCM based on Chinese C-705 and TL-6 [56]
Noor Anti-ship missile + Iran ASCM based on Chinese C-801 and C-802
Ra'ad Anti-ship missile + IranIranian origin Heavy ASCM similar to Chinese C-401[57]
Qader Anti ship missile + Iran [58]
Khalij Fars Anti-ship ballistic missile + IranBased on Fateh-110[59][60]
Zafar Anti-ship missile + IranLight ASCM for IRGC navy[61]

Anti ship missiles Reference 1:[23] Anti ship missiles Reference 2:[27]

Battlefield missile systems

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
Tondar-69 Rocket artillery + Iran
Oghab Rocket artillery + 1985–present Iran
Naze'at Rocket artillery+ Iran
Zelzal Tactical ballistic missile + Iran [62]
Fateh-110 Tactical ballistic missile+ 2002–present Iran [63]

Battlefield missile systems Reference 1:[32] Battlefield missile systems Reference 2:[27]

Air defence missile systems

Aircraft

The Islamic Republic of Iran Army Aviation (IRIAA) is the air arm of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army. It is not known how much of this inventory is actually operational.

Aircraft Type Versions In service

(Global Security[32] and IISS[23])

Manufacturer Photo
F-14 Interceptor and Air superiority fighter AM 44 built by Northrop Grumman
Mig-29 Multi role and trainer aircraft A/B 28 built by Mikoyan
Mirage Multi role and trainer aircraft EQ/BQ 23 built by Dassault Aviation
J-7 Multi role aircraft M 24 built by Guizhou Aircraft Industry Corporation, Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group, Shenyang Aircraft Corporation
Saeqeh Multi role aircraft 1-2 30 built by HESA
F-4 Multi role aircraft RF, D/E 64 built by McDonnell Douglas
F-5 Multi role and trainer aircraft E/F 60 built by Northrop Grumman
Azarakhsh Attack aircraft 1-2 41 built by HESA
Su-24 Deep strike and interdictor aircraft MK 30 Upgraded by Night vision systems built by Sukhoi
Su-25 Close-support attack and trainer aircraft MK/UBK 6 built by Sukhoi
Shafaq Attack aircraft M-ATF 25+ built by HESA
F 313 Claimed as 5th Gen.Aircraft Unknown Unknown Future Aircraft built by Aviation Industries Organization
Bell 206 JetRanger utility helicopter AB 206A
Shabaviz 2061
10+ built by Agusta and Panha
Bell 205 utility helicopter AB 205A
Shabaviz 2-75
68 built by Agusta and Panha
Bell 214 medium-lift transport helicopter 214A / 214C 50[64]
Mi-17/Mi-171sh medium-lift transport helicopter Mi-17
Mi-171sh
30
Bell AH-1J Sea Cobra attack helicopter AH-1J
Panha 2091
50[65])
Toofan attack helicopter Toofan 1 / Toofan 2 11[66]
Boeing CH-47 Chinook Heavy-lift transport helicopter CH-47C 20 http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm built by Agusta
Dassault Falcon 20 VIP transport Falcon 20E 1
Aero Commander utility transport 690 4
Lockheed P-3 Orion Patrol F 5 USA
IrAn-140 Move / AWACS / Offshore Patrol F 5+ Iran/Ukraine
Fokker F27 Friendship tactical transport F27-400M
F27-600
2
Cessna 185 transport Cessna 185F 10 http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/iran/ground-equipment.htm

Unmanned aerial vehicles

Model Type Quantity Acquired Origin Notes
Sofreh Mahi Stealth UCAV - Iran Under development
Karrar (UCAV) UCAV + 2010Iran [67][68]
Ababil UAV + 1986Iran A wide number built in several different Variants including the tactical Ababil-5 for medium-range reconnaissance and surveillance, the Ababil-T for short/medium-range attack, and also the Ababil-B and -S [69]
Mohajer I/II/III/IV UAV 300+1980's Iran [23][70]
Raad 85 UAV + Iran Suicide drone[70]
Ra'ad UAV + Iran With offensive capabilities[71][72]
Nazir UAV + Iran [71][72]
Hod Hod UAV + Iran[73]
Saeghe Target Drone + Iran [74]
MQM-107 Target Drone + United States [68]
Yasir UAV + 2013Iran In November 2013 a Yasir UAV was shown flying over Damascus, Syria in support of Syrian Arab Army forces fighting against rebels.[44] [70][75]
Shahed 129 UCAV + Iran On April 10, 2014, rebels in Syria recorded a UAV resembling a Shahed 129 flying over Eastern Ghouta, Damascus http://theaviationist.com/2014/04/10/shahed-drone-over-syria/
Hamaseh UCAV + Iran A medium-range drone, capable of carrying air to ground missiles.
H-110 Sarir UCAV 10+ Iran capable of carrying air-to-air missiles. http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/775908.shtml
Fotros UCAV + Iran UCAV with range of 2000 km,flight ceiling of 25000 ft and 16–30 hours flight endurance, armed with missiles. http://theaviationist.com/2013/11/18/fotros-unveiled/#.Uoou-uI-Z2w

Other equipment

See also

References

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