Errol Flynn

For the Detroit street gang, see Errol Flynns. For the album, see Errol Flynn (album).
Errol Flynn

Flynn c. 1940
Born Errol Leslie Flynn
(1909-06-20)20 June 1909
Battery Point, Tasmania, Australia
Died 14 October 1959(1959-10-14) (aged 50)
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Cause of death Heart attack
Occupation Actor
Years active 1932–1959
Spouse(s) Lili Damita
(m. 1935; div. 1942)
Nora Eddington
(m. 1943; div. 1949)
Patrice Wymore
(m. 1950)
Children 4, including Sean

Errol Leslie Flynn[1] (20 June 1909 – 14 October 1959)[1] was an Australian-born actor who achieved fame in Hollywood after 1935.[2] He was known for his romantic swashbuckler roles in Hollywood films, and became an American citizen in 1942.

Early life

Errol Flynn at South West London College aged 14 (1923)

Errol Leslie Flynn was born in a suburb of Hobart, Tasmania, where his father, Theodore, was a lecturer (1909) and later professor (1911) of biology at the University of Tasmania. His mother was born Lily Mary Young, but shortly after marrying Theodore at St. John's Church of England, Birchgrove, Sydney, on 23 January 1909,[3]she changed her first name to Marelle.[4] Flynn described his mother's family as "seafaring folk"[5] and this appears to be where his lifelong interest in boats and the sea originated. Both of his parents were native-born Australians of Irish, English, and Scottish descent. Despite Flynn's claims,[6] the evidence indicates that he was not descended from any of the Bounty mutineers.[7]

After early schooling in Hobart, from 1923 to 1925 Flynn was educated at the South West London College, a private boarding school in Barnes, London,[8] and in 1926 returned to Australia to attend Sydney Church of England Grammar School (Shore School)[9] where he was the classmate of a future Australian prime minister, John Gorton.[10] His formal education ended with his expulsion from Shore for theft,[11] and, he later claimed, for a sexual encounter with the school's laundress.[12] After being dismissed from a job as a junior clerk with a Sydney shipping company for pilfering petty cash, he went to Papua New Guinea at the age of eighteen, seeking his fortune in tobacco planting and metals mining. He spent the next five years oscillating between the New Guinea frontier territory and Sydney.[11] In January 1931, he became engaged to Naomi Campbell-Dibbs, the youngest daughter of Mr and Mrs R Campbell-Dibbs of Temora and Bowral NSW, a relationship which ended before 1935.[13]

Early career

In early 1933, Flynn appeared as an amateur actor in the Australian film In the Wake of the Bounty, in the lead role of Fletcher Christian. Later that year he returned to Britain to pursue a career in acting, and soon secured a job with the Northampton Repertory Company at the town's Royal Theatre (now part of Royal & Derngate), where he worked and received his training as a professional actor for seven months. Northampton is home to an art-house cinema named after him, the Errol Flynn Filmhouse.[14] He performed at the 1934 Malvern Festival and in Glasgow, and briefly in London's West End.[15]

In 1934 Flynn was dismissed from Northampton Rep. after he threw a female stage manager down a stairwell. He returned to Warner Brothers' Teddington Studios in Middlesex where he had worked as an extra in the film I Adore You before going to Northampton.[16] With his new-found acting skills he was cast as the lead in Murder at Monte Carlo (currently a lost film).[17] During its filming he was signed by Warner Bros. and emigrated to the U.S. as a contract actor.

Hollywood

With Olivia de Havilland in Santa Fe Trail (1940)

Flynn was an immediate sensation in his first starring Hollywood role,[18] Captain Blood (1935). Then, typecast as a dashing adventurer, he played an integral role in the re-invention of the action-adventure genre with a succession of films over the next six years, most under the direction of Michael Curtiz: The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936),The Prince and the Pauper (1937), The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938; his first Technicolor film), The Dawn Patrol (1938), Dodge City (1939), The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939) and The Sea Hawk (1940).[19]

In collaboration with Hollywood's best fight arrangers, Flynn became noted for fast-paced sword fights, beginning with The Adventures of Robin Hood, The Sea Hawk and Captain Blood.[20] He demonstrated an acting range beyond action-adventure roles in light contemporary social comedies, such as The Perfect Specimen (1937) and Four's a Crowd (1938), and melodrama The Sisters (1938). During this period Flynn published his first book, Beam Ends (1937), an autobiographical account of his sailing experiences around Australia as a youth. He also travelled to Spain, in 1937, as a war correspondent during the Spanish Civil War.[21]

Flynn co-starred with Olivia de Havilland a total of eight times, and together they made the most successful on-screen romantic partnership in Hollywood in the late 1930s-early 1940s in Captain Blood (1935), The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936), The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), Four's a Crowd (1938), Dodge City (1939), The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939), Santa Fe Trail (1940) and They Died with Their Boots On (1941). While Flynn acknowledged his personal attraction to de Havilland, assertions by film historians that they were romantically involved during the filming of Robin Hood[22] were denied by de Havilland. "Yes, we did fall in love and I believe that this is evident in the screen chemistry between us," she told an interviewer in 2009. "But his circumstances [Flynn's marriage to actress Lili Damita] at the time prevented the relationship going further. I have not talked about it a great deal but the relationship was not consummated. Chemistry was there though. It was there."[23]

With Bette Davis in The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939)

Flynn's relationship with Bette Davis, his co-star in The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939), was quarrelsome; Davis allegedly slapped him across the face far harder than necessary during one scene. Flynn attributed her anger to unrequited romantic interest,[12] but according to others, Davis resented sharing equal billing with a man she considered incapable of playing any role beyond a dashing adventurer. "He himself openly said, 'I don't know really anything about acting'," she told an interviewer, "and I admire his honesty, because he's absolutely right."[24] Years later, however, de Havilland recounted that during a private screening of Elizabeth and Essex, an astounded Davis exclaimed, "Damn it! The man could act!"[25]

In 1940, at the zenith of his career, Flynn was voted the fourteenth most popular star in the US and the seventh most popular in Britain.[26][27] He was a member of the Hollywood Cricket Club with David Niven, and a talented tennis player on the California club circuit. His suave, debonair, devil-may-care attitude was characterised as "Errolesque" by author Benjamin S. Johnson in his treatise, An Errolesque Philosophy on Life.[28]

Second World War

Flynn became a naturalised American citizen on 14 August 1942. As the United States had by then entered the Second World War, he attempted to enlist in the armed services, but failed the physical exam due to multiple heart problems (including at least one heart attack), recurrent malaria (contracted in New Guinea), chronic back pain (self-medicated with morphine and later, heroin), chronic tuberculosis and numerous venereal diseases.[29] This created an image problem for both Flynn, the supposed paragon of male physical prowess, and for Warner Brothers, which continued to cast him in athletic roles, including such patriotic productions as Dive Bomber (1941), Desperate Journey (1942) and Objective, Burma! (1945).[29][30]

Despite widespread criticism, Flynn's failure to join other Hollywood stars in military service was never explained by the studio, which had no desire to publicise the health problems of one of its most valuable assets.[31]

In 1943 he earned $175,000.[32]

Post-war career

In 1946, Flynn published an adventure novel, Showdown, and earned a reported $184,000 (equivalent to $2,240,000 in 2015).[33] In 1947 he signed a 15-year contract with Warner Bros. for $225,000 per film.[34] His income totaled $214,000 that year,[35] and $200,000 in 1948.[36]

After the Second World War, the taste of the American filmgoing audience changed from European-themed material and the English history-based escapist epics in which Flynn excelled, to more gritty, urban realism and film noir, reflecting modern American life. Flynn tried unsuccessfully to make the transition in Uncertain Glory (1944) and Cry Wolf (1947), and then increasingly passe Westerns such as Silver River (1948) and Montana (1950).

Flynn's behaviour became increasingly disruptive during filming; he was released from his contract in 1950 by Jack L. Warner as part of a stable-clearing of 1930s glamour-generation stars. His Hollywood career over at the age of 41, Flynn entered a steep financial and physical decline.[12]

Europe

In the 1950s, after losing his savings from the Hollywood years in a series of financial disasters, including The Story of William Tell (1954),[12] he became a parody of himself, sailing aimlessly around the Western Mediterranean aboard his yacht Zaca. Heavy alcohol abuse left him prematurely aged and overweight. He staved off financial ruin with roles in forgettable productions such as King's Rhapsody (1955) Hello God (1951) and Crossed Swords (1954). He performed in such also-ran Hollywood films as Mara Maru (1952) and Istanbul (1957), and made occasional television appearances.[37] As early as 1952 he had been seriously ill with hepatitis resulting in liver damage.[38] In 1956 he presented and sometimes performed in the television anthology series The Errol Flynn Theatre that was filmed in Britain. He enjoyed a brief revival of popularity with The Sun Also Rises (1957); The Big Boodle (1957), filmed in Cuba; Too Much, Too Soon (1958); and The Roots of Heaven (1958). He met with Stanley Kubrick to discuss a role in Lolita, but nothing came of it.[39] Flynn went to Cuba in late 1958 to film the self-produced B film Cuban Rebel Girls, where he met Fidel Castro and was initially an enthusiastic supporter of the Cuban Revolution. He wrote a series of newspaper and magazine articles for the New York Journal American and other publications documenting his time in Cuba with Castro. Many of these pieces were lost until 2009, when they were rediscovered in a collection at the University of Texas at Austin's Center for American History.[40] He narrated a short film titled Cuban Story: The Truth About Fidel Castro Revolution (1959), his last known work as an actor.[41]

Personal life

Lifestyle

Flynn developed a reputation for womanising, hard drinking and for a time in the 1940s, narcotics abuse. He was linked romantically with Lupe Vélez,[42] Marlene Dietrich, and Dolores del Río, among many others. Carole Lombard is said to have resisted his advances, but invited him to her extravagant parties.[43] He was a regular attendee of William Randolph Hearst's equally lavish affairs at Hearst Castle, though he was once asked to leave after he became excessively intoxicated.[44]

The expression "in like Flynn" is said to have been coined to refer to the supreme ease with which he reputedly seduced women, though there is dispute about its origin.[45] Flynn was reportedly fond of the expression, and later claimed that he wanted to call his memoir In Like Me. (The publisher insisted on a more tasteful title, My Wicked, Wicked Ways.)[46][47]

His lifestyle caught up with him in 1942 when two under-age women, Betty Hansen and Peggy Satterlee, accused him of statutory rape[48] at the Bel Air home of Flynn's friend Frederick McEvoy, and on board Flynn's yacht, respectively.[49] The scandal received immense press attention. Many of Flynn's fans, assuming that his screen persona was a reflection of his actual personality, refused to accept that the charges were true. Some founded organisations to publicly protest the accusation. One such group, the American Boys' Club for the Defense of Errol Flynn—ABCDEF—accumulated a substantial membership that included William F. Buckley Jr.[50]

The trial took place in late January and early February 1943; Flynn's attorney, Jerry Giesler, impugned the accusers' character and morals, and accused them of numerous indiscretions, including affairs with married men and, in Satterlee's case, an abortion (which was illegal at the time).[51] He noted that the two women, who said they did not know one another, filed their complaints within days of each other, although the episodes allegedly took place more than a year apart. He implied that the women had cooperated with prosecutors in hopes of avoiding prosecution themselves.[52] Flynn was acquitted, but the trial's widespread coverage and lurid overtones permanently damaged his carefully cultivated screen image as an idealised romantic leading player.[53]

Marriages and family

Flynn and first wife Lili Damita at Los Angeles airport in 1941

Flynn was married three times: to actress Lili Damita from 1935 until 1942 (one son, Sean Flynn, 1941 - c. June 1971); to Nora Eddington from 1943-49 (two daughters, Deirdre, born 1945 and Rory, born 1947); and to actress Patrice Wymore from 1950 until his death (one daughter, Arnella Roma, 1953–98).

In Hollywood, he tended to refer to himself as Irish rather than Australian (his father Theodore Thomson Flynn had been a biologist and a professor at the Queen's University of Belfast in Northern Ireland during the latter part of his career). After quitting Hollywood, Flynn lived with Wymore in Port Antonio, Jamaica in the early 1950s. He was largely responsible for developing tourism to this area and for a while owned the Titchfield Hotel which was decorated by the artist Olga Lehmann. He popularised trips down rivers on bamboo rafts.[54]

His only son, Sean (born 31 May 1941), was an actor and war correspondent. He and his colleague Dana Stone disappeared in Cambodia in April 1970 and are believed to have been killed in June 1971, during the Vietnam War, while both were working as freelance photojournalists for Time magazine.[55][56] Neither man's remains has ever been found;[57] it is generally assumed that they were killed by Khmer Rouge guerrillas.[58] After a decade-long search financed by his mother, Sean was officially declared dead in 1984.[59]

In 2010 a British team uncovered the remains of a Western hostage in the Cambodian jungle, but DNA comparisons with samples from the Flynn family were negative.[60][61] Sean's life is recounted in the book Inherited Risk: Errol and Sean Flynn in Hollywood and Vietnam.[62]

Flynn's daughter Rory has one son, Sean Rio Flynn, named after her half-brother. He is an actor.[63] Rory Flynn wrote a book about her father, The Baron of Mulholland: A Daughter Remembers Errol Flynn[64]

Death

Errol Flynn's coffin on a Union Station railway platform in Los Angeles.
Flynn's grave marker at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery.

By 1959, Flynn's financial difficulties had become so serious that he flew to Vancouver, British Columbia on 9 October to negotiate the lease of his yacht Zaca to the businessman George Caldough. As Caldough was driving Flynn and the young actress Beverly Aadland, who had accompanied him on the trip, to the airport on 14 October for a Los Angeles-bound flight, Flynn began complaining of severe pain in his back and legs. Caldough transported him to the residence of a doctor, Grant Gould, who noted that Flynn had considerable difficulty negotiating the building's stairway. Gould, assuming that the pain was due to degenerative disc disease and spinal osteoarthritis, administered 50 milligrams of demerol intravenously. As Flynn's discomfort diminished, he "reminisced at great length about his past experiences" to those present. He refused a drink when offered it.[65] Gould then performed a leg massage in the apartment's bedroom and advised Flynn to rest there before resuming his journey. Flynn responded that he felt "ever so much better". After 20 minutes Aadland checked on Flynn and discovered him unresponsive. Despite immediate emergency medical treatment from Gould and a swift transferral by ambulance to Vancouver General Hospital, he did not regain consciousness and was pronounced dead that evening. The coroner's report noted the cause of death as a heart attack, with a significant incidental finding of cirrhosis of the liver.[66]

Both of Flynn's parents survived him, as did his former wives and estranged third wife, Patrice Wymore, and his four children. He is buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California.[67]

Posthumous controversies

In 1961, Beverly Aadland's mother, Florence, co-wrote The Big Love with Tedd Thomey, alleging that Flynn had been involved in a sexual relationship with her daughter, who was 15 at the time.[68][69] The book was later made into a play starring Tracey Ullman as Florence Aadland.[70][71]

In 1980, author Charles Higham published a controversial biography, Errol Flynn: The Untold Story, in which he alleged that Flynn was a fascist sympathiser who spied for the Nazis before and during the Second World War, and that he was bisexual and had multiple gay affairs.[72] He further claimed that Flynn arranged to have Dive Bomber filmed on location at the San Diego Naval Base for the benefit of Japanese military planners, who needed information on American warships and defense installations.[73] Higham admitted that he had no direct evidence that Flynn was a German agent, but claimed to have “pieced together a mosaic that proves that he is”.[74] Flynn's former housemate David Niven criticised Higham for his unfounded accusations; Higham responded that Niven was ignorant of his friend's activities.[75] Subsequent Flynn biographers were also critical of Higham's allegations, and found no evidence to corroborate them.[76] Lincoln Hurst reported that Flynn attempted to join the OSS in 1942 and was put under surveillance by the FBI, which uncovered no subversive activities.[77] Tony Thomas and Buster Wiles accused Higham of altering FBI documents to substantiate his claims.[78]

In 1981, Flynn's daughters, Rory and Deirdre, hired Melvin Belli to sue Higham and his publisher Doubleday for libel; the suit was eventually dismissed on the grounds that one cannot libel a person who is dead.[73][74] In 2000, Higham repeated his charge that Flynn had been a German agent, claiming corroboration from Anne Lane, secretary to MI5 chief Sir Percy Sillitoe from 1946-51, and the person responsible for maintaining Flynn's British intelligence service file. Higham acknowledged that he never saw the file itself, and was unable to secure official confirmation of its existence.[79]

In a 1982 interview with Penthouse magazine, Ronald DeWolf, son of the author L. Ron Hubbard, said that his father's friendship with Flynn was so strong that Hubbard's family considered Flynn an adoptive father to DeWolf. He claimed that Flynn and his father engaged in illegal activities together, including drug smuggling and sexual acts with under-age girls; but Flynn never joined Hubbard's religious group, Scientology.[80]

Journalist George Seldes, who disliked Flynn intensely, wrote in his 1987 memoir that Flynn did not travel to Spain in 1937 to report on its civil war as announced, nor to deliver cash, medicine, supplies, and food for the Republican soldiers as promised. His purpose, according to Seldes, was to perpetrate a pre-planned hoax that he triggered by sending an "apparently harmless" telegram from Madrid to Paris. The following day, American newspapers published an erroneous report that Flynn had been killed at the Spanish front. "The next day he left Spain," Seldes wrote. "There were no ambulances, no medical supplies, no food for the Spanish Republic, and not one cent of money. The war correspondents said bitterly that it was the cruelest hoax of the time. Flynn ... had used a terrible war just to advertise one of his cheap movies."[81]

Film portrayals

Other cultural references

Bibliography

Filmography

Select radio performances

Flynn appeared in numerous radio performances:[101]

Year Title Venue Dates performed
1937 Captain Blood Lux Radio Theatre 22 February[102]
1937 British Agent Lux Radio Theatre 7 June[103]
1937 These Three Lux Radio Theatre 6 December[104]
1938 Green Light Lux Radio Theatre 31 January
1939 The Perfect Specimen Lux Radio Theatre 2 January[105]
1939 Lives of a Bengal Lancer Lux Radio Theatre 10 April[106]
1940 Trade Winds Lux Radio Theatre 4 March[107]
1941 Virginia City Lux Radio Theatre 26 May[108]
1941 They Died With Their Boots On Cavalcade of America 17 November[109]
1944 Command Performance Armed Forces Radio Network 30 July[110]
1946 Gentleman Jim Theatre of Romance 5 February
1952 The Modern Adventures of Casanova 22 May

Theatre performances

Flynn appeared on stage in a number of performances, particularly early in his career:[111]

References

  1. 1 2 McNulty, Thomas (2004). "One: from Tasmania to Hollywood 1909–1934". Errol Flynn: the life and career. McFarland. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-7864-1750-6. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
  2. ↑ Obituary Variety, 21 October 1959, pg. 87.
  3. ↑ "Flynn, Errol Leslie (1909–1959)". Australian Dictionary of Biography Online. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
  4. ↑ Flynn always calls her Marelle in his autobiography.
  5. ↑ Flynn, My Wicked, Wicked Ways, p. 33.
  6. ↑ Flynn, My Wicked, Wicked Ways, p. 25.
  7. ↑ Fasano, Debra (2009). Young Blood – The Making of Errol Flynn. ISBN 978-0-9806703-0-1. Archived from the original on 24 May 2013.
  8. ↑ Bardrick, Ajax (2008) 'Errol Flynn's Barnes Period', published by 'the-vu'
  9. ↑ Moore, John Hammond: "Young Errol Flynn before Hollywood", 1975; ISBN 0-207-13158-9
  10. ↑ Shaw, John (22 May 2002). "Sir John Gorton, 90, Australian Who Vetoed Himself as Premier". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
  11. 1 2 Moore, John Hammond 'The Young Errol Flynn Before Hollywood' (2nd Edition, 2011), Trafford Publishing
  12. 1 2 3 4 Flynn, Errol; Conrad, Earl (1959). My Wicked, Wicked Ways.
  13. ↑ "Family Notices". The Sydney Morning Herald (29,034). New South Wales, Australia. 24 January 1931. p. 12 – via National Library of Australia.
  14. ↑ "New art-house cinema to be named after Hollywood legend Errol Flynn". northamptonchron.co.uk. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
  15. ↑ Connelly, Gerry (1998). Errol Flynn in Northampton. Domra Publications. ISBN 978-0-9524417-2-4.
  16. ↑ Connelly, Gerry. Errol Flynn in Northampton (1998)
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  33. ↑ M'CAREY'S WAGE OF $1,113,035 YEAR'S HIGHEST: Treasury Report Places Film Producer First, Chicago Daily Tribune (1923-1963) [Chicago, Ill] 17 June 1946: 6.
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  41. ↑ "The Truth About Fidel Castro Revolution". IMDb.com. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
  42. ↑ (Weissmuller, Jr., Reed 2008, pp. 73–74)
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  44. ↑ Hearst Castle's Liquid Legacy. Wine Enthusiast, September 2016, pp. 19-21.
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  54. ↑ "The History of Jamaica – Captivated by Jamaica". Jamaica-gleaner.com. 27 August 2002. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
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  56. ↑ Young, P.D. Two of the Missing: Remembering Sean Flynn and Dana Stone. Press 53 (2009); ISBN 0-9816-2809-5
  57. ↑ Pyle, Richard & Faas, Horst. Lost over Laos; a true story of tragedy, mystery and friendship pp. 43-45. (Da Capo Press: 2003); ISBN 0-306-81251-7; accessed via Google Books, 21 June 2009
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  60. ↑ "Found in a Cambodian jungle - but are they the remains of Errol Flynn's war photographer son?". Dailymail.co.uk. 27 March 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
  61. ↑ Sean Flynn not buried in Cambodia war grave, Telegraph.co.uk, 30 June 2010.
  62. ↑ Meyers, Jeffrey, Inherited Risk: Errol Flynn and Sean Flynn in Hollywood and Vietnam, Simon & Schuster: 2002; ISBN 0-7432-1090-5
  63. ↑ "Sean Rio Flynn". Seanflynn.org. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
  64. ↑ Flynn, Rory. The Baron Of Mulholland: A Daughter Remembers Errol Flynn. XLibris (2006); ISBN 1-4257-1251-7
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  74. 1 2 Fox, Margalit (2012-05-03). "Charles Higham, Celebrity Biographer, Dies at 81". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-08-02.
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  76. ↑ Charles Higham The Daily Telegraph, 22 April 2012
  77. 1 2 Capshaw, Ron. "Review of: 'Errol Flynn: The True Adventures of a Real-Life Rogue', by Lincoln Hurst", Bright Lights Journal, Issue 69, August 2010; retrieved 1 November 2010.
  78. ↑ Gary Cooper: American Hero Jeffrey Meyers; Rowman & Littlefield, 2001, pp. 204-5 and 346.
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  80. ↑ "Inside The Church of Scientology: An Exclusive Interview with L. Ron Hubbard, Jr.". Penthouse. June 1983.
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  93. ↑ "Errol Flynn Reserve wins the duel". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 15 April 2005. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
  94. ↑ "Jamaica beguiles as fact inspires fiction". The Australian.
  95. ↑ "Errol Flynn Centenary". Errol Flynn Society of Tasmania Inc. June 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2009. Be 'in like Flynn' to 10 days of events!
  96. ↑ Cuddihy, Martin (21 June 2009). "ABC News". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 14 February 2010.
  97. ↑ Gareth Davis, "Welcome To The Errol Flynn Marina"; accessed 9 November 2015.
  98. ↑ "Celebrating With Patrice Wymore Flynn", jamaica-gleaner.com; accessed 9 November 2015.
  99. ↑ Anderson, Boyd (2010). Errol, Fidel and the Cuban Rebel Girls. University of Queensland Press; ISBN 978-0-7022-3856-7.
  100. ↑ "Jay Electronica – 2 Step Lyrics". genius.com. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
  101. ↑ 'Errol Flynn Radio Shows' at The Errol Flynn Blog
  102. ↑ "Captain Blood" at Lux Radio Theatre on Internet Archive
  103. ↑ "British Agent", Lux Video Theatre at Internet Archive
  104. ↑ "These Three", Lux Radio Theatre at Internet Archive
  105. ↑ "The Perfect Specimen" Lux Radio Theatre at Internet Archive
  106. ↑ "Lives of a Bengal Lancer", Lux Radio Theatre at Internet Archive
  107. ↑ "Trade Winds" Lux Radio Theatre at Internet Archive
  108. ↑ "Virginia City", Lux Radio Theatre at Internet Archive
  109. ↑ "They Died With Their Boots On", Cavalcade of America at Internet Archive
  110. ↑ Errol Flynn in Command Performance at Internet Archive
  111. ↑ Gerry Connelly, Errol Flynn in Northampton, Domra Publications, 1998.
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