Ethniki Etaireia

The Ethniki Etaireia (Greek: Εθνική Εταιρεία, "National Society") was a secret Greek nationalistic organization created in November 1894, by a number of young nationalist officers, advocates of the Megali Idea. Its aim was to revive the morale of the country and prepare the liberation of Greek people still under the Ottoman Empire.

In September 1895 they recruited civilians, all linked to the organization of the Olympic Games, including Demetrius Vikelas,^[1] although he claimed only to have given in to friendly pressure, playing a solely financial role and then quickly resigning from it.^[2]

The populism of the Ethniki Etaireia is considered to be responsible for the outbreak of the Greco-Turkish War of 1897. Following Greece's humiliating defeat, it was dissolved under the pressure of Prime Minister Georgios Theotokis.

Notes

↑ Llewellyn Smith, Olympics in Athens, 49-50
↑ Llewellyn Smith, Olympics in Athens, 149-150

References

Llewellyn Smith, Michael (2004). Olympics in Athens 1896: The Invention of the Modern Olympic Games. Profile Books Limited. ISBN 1-86197-342-X

Megali Idea

Background	Fall of Constantinople Ottoman Greece Greek War of Independence

Annexations	Ionian islands (1864) Thessaly (1881) Crete (1912) Epirus (1912) Macedonia (1912) North Aegean islands (1912) Western Thrace (1919) Dodecanese (1947)

Temporary acquisitions	Eastern Thrace (1920–23) Imvros and Tenedos (1912–13, 1920–23) Northern Epirus (1912–16, 1940–41) Smyrna Zone (1919–22 as dependency)

Other areas	Western Asia Minor (Sanjak of Balikesir and part of Sanjak of Bursa from Hüdavendigâr Vilayet, Aidin Vilayet excluding Denizli Sanjak, also Troad region from Vilayet of the Archipelago, Asian parts of Constantinople Vilayet and Mediterranean coast from Castellorizo to Antalya) Constantinople Cyprus Eastern Rumelia Pelagonia (Monastiri region) Gevgeli Sazan Island Pontus Cappadocia/Karaman

Ideas	Greek nationalism Hellenization Enosis

Pioneers	Ioannis Kolettis Ethniki Etaireia Hellenic Macedonian Committee Pavlos Melas Ion Dragoumis Eleftherios Venizelos Georgios Christakis-Zografos Alexandros Papanastasiou Panagiotis Danglis Pavlos Kountouriotis Georgios Grivas

Forces	Military of Greece Hellenic Gendarmerie Cretan Gendarmerie Army of National Defence Army of the Evros Northern Epirus Liberation Front EOKA

Events	Epirus Revolt of 1854 Cretan Revolt (1866–69) Epirus Revolt of 1878 Macedonian Struggle Greco-Turkish War (1897) Balkan Wars Himara revolt of 1912 Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus Provisional Government of National Defence Greece in WWI Occupation of Constantinople Greek landing at Smyrna Republic of Pontus Greco-Turkish War (1919–22) Greece in WWII Greco-Italian War 1974 Cypriot coup d'état

Treaties	Treaty of Berlin (1878) Convention of Constantinople (1881) Treaty of Constantinople (1897) Treaty of London (1913) Treaty of Bucharest (1913) Treaty of Athens (1913) Protocol of Corfu (1914) Venizelos–Tittoni agreement (1919) Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine (1919) Treaty of Sèvres (1920) Treaty of Lausanne (1923) Treaty of Paris (1947)

Greek nationalism

Ideology	Modern Greek Enlightenment Megali Idea Hellenization Venizelism Metaxism Enosis

Organizations	Filiki Eteria Ethniki Etaireia Hellenic Macedonian Committee National Youth Organisation National Republican Greek League EOKA EOKA B

Political Parties	Nationalist Party New Party Liberal Party Freethinkers' Party Politically Independent Alignment Greek Rally National Party of Greece 4th of August Party National Alignment Party of Hellenism National Political Union Hellenic Front Front Line Patriotic Alliance National Front (Greece) Popular Orthodox Rally Golden Dawn National Unity Association

People	Adamantios Korais Rigas Feraios Alexander Ypsilantis Athanasios Diakos Dionysios Solomos Ioannis Kolettis Constantine Paparrigopoulos Alexandros Koumoundouros Theodoros Diligiannis Charilaos Trikoupis Kostis Palamas Pavlos Melas Ion Dragoumis Eleftherios Venizelos Alexandros Papanastasiou Nikolaos Plastiras Ioannis Metaxas Angelos Sikelianos Alexandros Papagos Napoleon Zervas Georgios Grivas Georgios Papadopoulos Dimitrios Ioannidis

Historical events	Greco-Persian Wars Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty Greek War of Independence Cretan Revolt (1866–69) Greco-Turkish War (1897) Macedonian Struggle Balkan Wars Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus National Schism Greco-Turkish war (1919-1922) 4th of August Regime Greek Resistance Cypriot intercommunal violence Greek military junta of 1967–74 1974 Cypriot coup d'état 1990 Komotini events

Policies	Geographical name changes Greek language question Macedonia naming dispute

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