European Square (Kiev)

European Square and the Hotel Dnipro.

European Square (Ukrainian: Європейська Площа, Yevropeys’ka Ploshcha) is a square located in what is known as the Old Town (Stare Misto) or the Upper Town, in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is also located at the north-eastern end of the Khreschatyk, the city's main thoroughfare. Other streets connected to the square are Tryokhsvyatytelska Street, Volodymyrskyi Descent, and Hrushevsky Street.

In 2013–14 the square was one of the centres of the EuroMaidan protests.^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]}

Former names

The square was known under at least nine different names during the last two hundred years.

• Originally, the square was called the Horse's Square (Konnaya Ploschad), because its location was used for horse trading.
• 1806 - Theatre Square (Teatralnaya Ploschad), after the 1805–1806 construction of the first theater in Kiev by the architect Andriy Melensky located at the current place of Ukrainian House.
• 1851 - European Square ('Yevropeyskaya Ploschad), when the Yevropeysky Hotel was built to the designs of the architect Alexander Vikentievich Beretti.
• 1869 - Tsar Square (Tsarskaya Ploschad, due to the monument of Alexander II of Russia erected there). During that time the square was also referred to as Aleksandrovskaya for the same reason and because through it was passing ulitsa Aleksandrovskaya (today split Mykhailo Hrushevsky Street, Volodymyr Descent, and Petro Sahaidachny Street).
• 1919 - Third International's Square (Ploschad Tretieva Internatsionala), after the Soviet occupation of Ukraine.
• 1941 - Adolf Hitler Square (Adolf Hitler Platz),^[8] German occupation
• 1944 - Stalin Square (Stalinskaya Ploschad), Soviet return
• 1961 - Lenin's Komsomol Square (Ploschad Leninskava Komsomola), destalinization process

Attractions

• Hotel Dnipro
• UNIAN news agency building
• Ukrainian House (Ukrayinskyi Dim) conference and exhibitions hall originally built in the late 1970s as a Lenin Museum
• Khreshchaty Park
  • Kiev Philharmonic (19th century building)
  • Parliamentary Library of Ukraine building

Streets

List of streets that connect to the square.

• Hrushevsky Street (Kiev)
• Khreshchatyk
• Volodymyr Descent
• Three-Saints Street
• Peter's Alley

Gallery

• 
  Square in 1911

References

1. Live updates of the protests, Kyiv Post (27, 28 & 29 November 2013)
2. Students in Ukraine threaten indefinite national strike, Euronews (26 November 2013)
3. Students from various cities across Ukraine are joining the protests, Ukrayinska Pravda (27 November 2013)
4. Protests continue in Kyiv ahead of Vilnius EU summit, Euronews (27 November 2013)
5. In Ukraine, Protests Highlight 'Generational Rift' , Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (27 November 2013)
6. Ukraine: tension in Kyiv as pro and anti government protesters hold rallies, Euronews (29 November 2013)
7. Ukraine opposition demands leader resign after EU snub Archived December 4, 2013, at the Wayback Machine., Seven News (30 November 2013)
8. Streets and squares of Kiev in times of German and Soviet occupations. OUN-UPA website.

External links

• European Square at Kiev History Site (English)/(Russian)/(Ukrainian)
• An optimistic avenue in Vokrug Sveta (Around the World), November, 2005. (Russian)
• Yevropeyska Ploscha in Wiki-Encyclopedia Kiev (Ukrainian)

Coordinates: 50°27′8″N 30°31′39″E / 50.45222°N 30.52750°E