Every family

The coat of arms of the Every family
The heraldic crest of the Every family

The Everys are an historic English family from the West Country (specifically Devon, Dorset and Somerset), traceable to the late 12th century and maternal cousins to the Brice family.[1] They were significant landowners in Devon, particularly in Chardstock and Shepton Beauchamp, and as Lords of the manor of Wootton Abbotts. The family seats were Wycroft Castle, Wootton Abbotts manor house, and Egginton Hall. On 26 May 1641 a branch of the family developed into the Every baronets, and the late 17th-century English pirate Henry Every is believed to have descended from an earlier line.

History

The progenitor of the Every line was John Avery, of Bodmin, born around the beginning of the 16th century (although the Averys have been widespread in the West Country since at least the 12th century).[2] He had at least two sons, one of whom (John) was Serjeant-at-arms of the House of Commons in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I,[3] (and whose descendants would become the Every Baronets), the other of whom would become a considerable landowner, siring the Everys of Wycroft Castle.[4]

Everys of Wycroft Castle

The children of this other son, through commerce, became holders of significant estates (including Wycroft Castle in Axminster and the manor of Wooton Abbotts). After the deaths of William and Alexander Every the estates, through inheritance, merged. The line continued as the Everys of Wycroft Castle, named for what was now the family seat of Wycroft (or Wicroft) Castle in Devon, previously the seat of the Creuse family.[5][6] Since the 16th century the Everys of Wycroft Castle have been maternal ancestors of the Brice family (after the marriage of Joan Every to Worthington Brice in Dinnington, Somerset), making the Brices cousins to the Everys.[7]

Every baronets, of Egginton

Main article: Every baronets

The Every Baronetcy, of Egginton in the County of Derby, is a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 26 May 1641 for Simon Every, Member of Parliament for Leicester in 1640 and a supporter of the Royalist cause in the Civil War. Born into the Everys of Wycroft Castle, at Chardstock, Devon, he married Anne, daughter and co-heir of Sir Henry Leigh, of Egginton, Derbyshire. After his marriage, Every settled at Egginton.[8][9]

The family seat of Egginton Hall burnt down in 1736, and was replaced by the eighth baronet (the great-great-grandson of the fourth) with a new house, which was demolished in the 1950s.

The heir apparent to the baronetcy is the 13th Baronet's eldest son, Edward James Henry Every (born 1975).

Henry Every, pirate

Main article: Henry Every
The pirate Henry Every selling his jewellery, from Buccaneers and Marooners of the Spanish Main (1887)

Scholars have traced a possible descent from the West Country Everys for the late 17th-century English pirate Henry Every.[10] He is thought to have been the son of John Evarie (spelling uncertain) and his wife, Anne (maiden name unknown), cousins of the Everys of Wycroft Castle based in the Devon village of Newton Ferrers, 9.7 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of Plymouth.[10][11] Modern scholarship suggests that Henry was born on 23 August 1659; according to the deposition of William Phillips, a member of Every's crew who gave a "voluntary confession" after his capture, in August 1696 Every was "aged about 40 years," his mother lived "near Plymouth," and his wife was a periwig seller who lived "in Ratcliffe Highway." [12] Every was married and records indicate that he may have wed one Dorothy Arther at St James Duke's Place in London on 11 September 1690,[13] though there is no evidence that he had any children.

Notable family members

John Every was Serjeant-at-arms of the House of Commons in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I.[14] In the 17th century Worthington Brice and his son John (son and grandson of Joan Every of Wycroft Castle, respectively) fought with the Cavaliers during the English Civil Wars, receiving fines for doing so during the Interregnum.[15] Henry Every (of Devonshire) rose to prominence in the late 17th century as a pirate who operated in the Atlantic and Indian oceans, later made famous in numerous published works.[16] The fourth baronet was a captain in the Royal Navy and a supporter of William III. He was High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1718. The fifth baronet was Rector of Eggington and of Navenby, Lincolnshire.[17] The sixth baronet was High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1749.[18] The seventh Baronet was Rector of Waddington, Lincolnshire.[19] The eighth baronet was High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1783.[18] The current baronet was High Sheriff for 2009.[20]

Coats of arms

The recorded coat of arms for the Every family of Wycroft Castle (granted 1604) is or, four chevronels gules; the crest being a demi-unicorn couped gules, maned, tired, hoofed or. [21] The Baronets of Egginton add the Red Hand of Ulster as a blazon to denote their title, and have as a crest a unicorns head couped proper.[22]

References

Footnotes

  1. ↑ St. George, Henry. The Visitation of the County of Somerset in the year 1623. London, 1876
  2. ↑ Avery, Elroy McKendree. The Groton Avery Clan, page 3. 1912
  3. ↑ Avery, Elroy McKendree. The Groton Avery Clan, page 13. 1912
  4. ↑ Betham, William "The Baronetage of England: Or The History of the English Baronets, and Such Baronets of Scotland, as are of English Families; with Genealogical Tables, and Engravings of Their Coats of Arms, Volume 5" Burrell and Bransby, 1805. p50, ftnote 1.
  5. ↑ Betham, William "The Baronetage of England: Or The History of the English Baronets, and Such Baronets of Scotland, as are of English Families; with Genealogical Tables, and Engravings of Their Coats of Arms, Volume 5" Burrell and Bransby, 1805. p50, ftnote 1.
  6. ↑ Collins, Arthur. The Peerage of England, 1741
  7. ↑ St. George, Henry. The Visitation of the County of Somerset in the year 1623. London, 1876
  8. ↑ William Betham, The Baronetage of England
  9. ↑ Collins, Arthur. The Peerage of England, 1741
  10. 1 2 Rogoziński 2000
  11. ↑ Baer 2005, p. 91
  12. ↑ The National Archives SP 63/358 fols. 127–32
  13. ↑ Fox 2008, p. 29
  14. ↑ Avery, Elroy McKendree. The Groton Avery Clan, page 13. 1912
  15. ↑ Somerset County Council. Letter from County Archivist. 27 July 1988
  16. ↑ Marley 2010, p. 589
  17. ↑ Clergy Records
  18. 1 2 National Archives, Derbyshire Record Office: Every Family Papers ref D5236
  19. ↑ Clergy Records
  20. ↑ The London Gazette: no. 59011. p. 4924. 19 March 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-23.
  21. ↑ Avery, Elroy McKendree. The Groton Avery Clan, page 21. 1912
  22. ↑ Lysons, Daniel. Magna Britannia, page Lxiv. 1817

Bibliography

  • Baer, Joel H. (2005). Pirates of the British Isles. London: Tempus Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7524-2304-3. 
  • Fox, E. T. (2008). King of the Pirates: The Swashbuckling Life of Henry Every. London: Tempus Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7524-4718-6. 
  • Marley, David F. (2010). Pirates of the Americas. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-201-2. 
  • Rogoziński, Jan (2000). Honor Among Thieves: Captain Kidd, Henry Every, and the Pirate Democracy in the Indian Ocean. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books. ISBN 978-0-8117-1529-4. 
  • Debrett's The Baronetage of England 7th Edition (1839) p46 Google Books
  • Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990,
  • A Topographical Dictionary of England (1848) from British History Online
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