Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate

Identifiers
CAS Number	488-69-7
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:40595
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1089962
ChemSpider	393165
ECHA InfoCard	100.006.985
MeSH	fructose-1,6-diphosphate
PubChem	445557
InChI InChI=1S/C6H14O12P2/c7-4-3(1-16-19(10,11)12)18-6(9,5(4)8)2-17-20(13,14)15/h3-5,7-9H,1-2H2,(H2,10,11,12)(H2,13,14,15)/t3-,4-,5+,6+/m1/s1 Key: RNBGYGVWRKECFJ-ZXXMMSQZSA-N InChI=1/C6H14O12P2/c7-4-3(1-16-19(10,11)12)18-6(9,5(4)8)2-17-20(13,14)15/h3-5,7-9H,1-2H2,(H2,10,11,12)(H2,13,14,15)/t3-,4-,5+,6+/m1/s1 Key: RNBGYGVWRKECFJ-ZXXMMSQZBN
SMILES O=P(OC[C@]1(O)O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)COP(=O)(O)O)(O)O
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H14O12P2
Molar mass	340.116
Pharmacology
ATC code	C01EB07 (WHO)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, also known as Harden-Young ester, is fructose sugar phosphorylated on carbons 1 and 6 (i.e., is a fructosephosphate). The β-D-form of this compound is very common in cells. The vast majority of glucose and fructose entering a cell will become converted to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate at some point.

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate in glycolysis

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate lies within the glycolysis metabolic pathway and is produced by phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate. It is, in turn, broken down into two compounds: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. It is an allosteric activator of pyruvate kinase through distinct interactions of binding and allostery at the enzyme's catalytic site ^[1]

β-D-fructose 6-phosphate	6-phosphofructo 1-kinase		β-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate	Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase		D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate		dihydroxyacetone phosphate
							+
	ATP	ADP
	Pi	H2O
	Hexose diphosphatase			Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase

Compound C05345 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 2.7.1.11 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 3.1.3.11 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C05378 at KEGG Pathway Database. Enzyme 4.1.2.13 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00111 at KEGG Pathway Database. Compound C00118 at KEGG Pathway Database.

The numbering of the carbon atoms indicates the fate of the carbons according to their position in fructose 6-phosphate.

Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. ^{[§ 1]}

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|{{{bSize}}}px|alt=Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit]]

Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit

1. The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "GlycolysisGluconeogenesis_WP534".

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate isomerism

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate has only one biologically active isomer, the β-D-form. There are many other isomers, analogous to those of fructose.

Iron Chelation

Fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) has also been implicated in the ability to bind and sequester Fe(II), a soluble form of iron whose oxidation to the insoluble Fe(III) is capable of generating reactive oxygen species via Fenton chemistry. The ability of fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) to bind Fe(II) may prevent such electron transfers, and thus act as an antioxidant within the body. Certain neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, have been linked to metal deposits with high iron content, although it is uncertain whether Fenton chemistry plays a substantial role in these diseases, or whether fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) is capable of mitigating those effects.^[2]

See also

• Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate

References

1. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/bi501426w
2. Bajic, Aleksandar; Zakrzewska J; Godjevac D; Andjus P; Jones DR; Spasic M; Spasojevic I (2011). "Relevance of the ability of fructose 1,6-bis(phosphate) to sequester ferrous but not ferric ions". Carbohydrate Research. 346: 416–420. doi:10.1016/j.carres.2010.12.008.