Gereja Sion

Zion Church
Gereja Sion
Portugeesche Buitenkerk
Basic information
Location Jl. Pangeran Jayakarta, Taman Sari, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
Affiliation Protestant (formerly Roman Catholic)
Ecclesiastical or organizational status Church
Architectural description
Completed 1695

Gereja Sion (Indonesian for "Zion Church") is a historic church located in Pinangsia Administrative District, Taman Sari, Jakarta, Indonesia. Dating from 1695, it is the oldest church still standing in Jakarta.[1]

History

Lithograph of the Zion Church (1883-1889)
Lithograph of the interior of Zion Church
Interior and Pipe organ of Zion church in the year 1950

The church was formerly known as De Nieuwe Portugeesche Buitenkerk ("The New Portuguese Outer Church"), referring to its position on the outside of the city wall, as opposed to Portugeesche Binnenkerk, "the Portuguese Inner Church"). The church was also known as Belkita during the period.[2]

The church was built outside the old city walls for the so-called "black Portuguese" - the Eurasians and natives captured from Portuguese trading posts in India and Malaya and brought to Jakarta (then Batavia) as slaves.[1] Most of these people were Catholics, but were given their freedom on the condition that they joined the Dutch Reformed Church, and the converts were known as Mardijker or the liberated ones.[1][3]

The construction of the church was started in 1693.[4] It was officially opened on Sunday, October 23, 1695 and was jointly financed by the Portuguese and the VOC Government. The first sermon was delivered by Reverend Theodorus Zas and was attended by Governor General Willem van Outhoorn.

Later, the church name changed into "Portuguese Church".[4] During the Japanese occupation of Indonesia in 1942, the name "Portuguese Church" was forbidden and the church was closed for two years.[4] The Japanese army wished to transform the place into a columbarium for the fallen soldiers.[2]

During the governmental transition, the Dutch government transferred the ownership of the church to the Protestant Churches of Western Indonesia body (Gereja-gereja Protestan di Indonesia) or GPIB. During the 1957 GPIB Sinode Conference, the Portuguese Church changed its name into GPIB Congregation of Zion (GPIB Jemaat Sion), and since then, the church is known as Zion Church.[5]

The church was restored in 1920 and in 1978. The building is protected through the Law SK Gubernur DKI Jakarta CB/11/1/12/1972[5]

In 1984, the churchyard was reduced for road construction.[2]

Building

Tomb of Governor General Hendric Zwaardecroon in the old graveyard.

Zion Church measures 24 by 32 meters and is situated on 6,725 square meters of land.[5] An extension was built on the back facade, measuring 6 by 18 meters.[5] It was built above a foundation of 10,000 logs. The construction is designed by E. Ewout Verhagen from Rotterdam. The wall is constructed from bricks glued by a mix of sand and heatproof sugar.[5]

Church interior.

Zion Church is characteristically Dutch with its plain facade, ward-like appearance and domed windows.[5] The church contains copper chandeliers, a baroque-style ebony pulpit, and the original organ.[1] The furnishings were made by craftsmen from Formosa (Taiwan).[6] The pipe organ was donated by the daughter of Reverend John Maurits Moor.[5]

2,381 people were buried in the graveyard during 1790 alone, however, few tombs remain.[7] The ornate bronze tombstone of Governor General Hendrick Zwaardecroon who died in 1728 was buried, as was his wish, among "ordinary" people.[1]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zion Church, Jakarta.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Witton, Patrick (2003). Indonesia. Melbourne: Lonely Planet. p. 146. ISBN 1-74059-154-2.
  2. 1 2 3 Siswanto, Eko Huda S (December 26, 2009). "Ekspedisi Wisata Gereja Sion". Vivanews (in Indonesian). Retrieved April 1, 2011.
  3. ↑ A Heuken SJ (2003). Gereja-gereja Tua di Jakarta (in Indonesian). Cipta Loka Caraka.
  4. 1 2 3 "Sion, Gereja". Ensiklopedi Jakarta (in Indonesian). Dinas Komunikasi, Informatika dan Kehumasan Pemprov DKI Jakarta. Retrieved April 27, 2011.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bayu Dwi Mardana (January 9, 2005). "Wisata Gereja Tua Jakarta – Menggali Memori lewat Rumah Ibadah" (in Indonesian). Sinar Harapan, Arsitektur Indis. Retrieved April 2, 2011.
  6. ↑ Hendrik, Everwinus Niemeijer. Calvinisme en koloniale stadscultuur: Batavia 1619-1725 : academisch proefschrift ... (in Dutch). Vrije Universiteit te Amsterdam.
  7. ↑ C Windoro AT (September 4, 2008). "Gereja Sion, Pelajaran dari Raksasa Tua yang Membatu" (in Indonesian). Kompas. Retrieved April 1, 2011.

Coordinates: 6°08′17″S 106°49′05″E / 6.138009°S 106.817920°E / -6.138009; 106.817920

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