Geriatric nephrology

Geriatric nephrology is the branch of internal medicine and geriatric medicine that deals with diseases of the kidney

It is a growing subspecialty of geriatrics. Patients who are living longer may acquire diseases that accelerate chronic kidney disease, which often remains undetected until patients are confronted with the sudden need for dialysis.

International Society for Geriatric Urology and Nephrology^[1] is dedicated to this issue and has its own journal.^[2]

A book about geriatric nephrology was published in 1986^[3] by Bernard Davis, M. Michelis.

The American Society of Nephrology has a grant in Geriatric Nephrology.^[4]

In the United States, the median age of patients starting dialysis is 64.8 years old, yet the fastest growing segment of the dialysis population is 75 years and older.^[5] Geriatric nephrology emphasizes early identification and aggressive intervention, as well as the incorporation of geriatric and palliative care principles that emphasize independence and functionality.

References

Diseases of the urinary system (N00–N39, 580–599)

Kidney disease

Glomerules

Primarily
nephrotic

Non-proliferative	Minimal change Focal segmental Membranous

Proliferative	Mesangial proliferative Endocapillary proliferative Membranoproliferative/mesangiocapillary

By condition	Diabetic Amyloidosis

Primarily
nephritic,
RPG

Type I RPG/Type II hypersensitivity	Goodpasture's syndrome

Type II RPG/Type III hypersensitivity	Post-streptococcal Lupus DPGN IgA/Berger's

Type III RPG/Pauci-immune	Granulomatosis with polyangiitis Microscopic polyangiitis Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

General

Tubules

Interstitium

Interstitial nephritis
- Pyelonephritis
- Balkan endemic nephropathy

General

General syndromes	Nephritis Nephrosis) Renal failure Acute renal failure Chronic kidney disease Uremic pericarditis Uremia Diabetes insipidus Nephrogenic Renal papilla Renal papillary necrosis Major calyx/pelvis Hydronephrosis Pyonephrosis Reflux nephropathy

Vascular	Renal artery stenosis Renal ischemia Hypertensive nephropathy Renovascular hypertension Renal cortical necrosis

Other	Analgesic nephropathy Renal osteodystrophy Nephroptosis Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome

Urinary tract

Ureter	Ureteritis Ureterocele Megaureter

Bladder	Cystitis Interstitial cystitis Hunner's ulcer Trigonitis Hemorrhagic cystitis Neurogenic bladder dysfunction Bladder sphincter dyssynergia Vesicointestinal fistula Vesicoureteral reflux

Urethra	Urethritis Non-gonococcal urethritis Urethral syndrome Urethral stricture/Meatal stenosis Urethral caruncle

Any/all	Obstructive uropathy Urinary tract infection Retroperitoneal fibrosis Urolithiasis Bladder stone Kidney stone Renal colic Malakoplakia Urinary incontinence Stress Urge Overflow

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