German submarine U-514

*U-514*
History
U-505, a typical Type IXC boat
Nazi Germany
Name:	U-514
Ordered:	14 February 1940
Builder:	Deutsche Werft, Hamburg
Yard number:	310
Laid down:	29 April 1941
Launched:	18 November 1941
Commissioned:	24 January 1942
Fate:	Sunk 8 July 1943^[1]
General characteristics
Class and type:	Type IXC submarine
Displacement:	1,120 t (1,100 long tons) surfaced 1,232 t (1,213 long tons) submerged
Length:	76.76 m (251 ft 10 in) o/a 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in) pressure hull
Beam:	6.76 m (22 ft 2 in) o/a 4.40 m (14 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height:	9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught:	4.70 m (15 ft 5 in)
Installed power:	4,400 PS (3,200 kW; 4,300 bhp) (diesels) 1,000 PS (740 kW; 990 shp) (electric)
Propulsion:	2 shafts 2 × diesel engines 2 × electric motors
Speed:	18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) surfaced 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph) submerged
Range:	13,450 nmi (24,910 km; 15,480 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced 63 nmi (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth:	230 m (750 ft)
Complement:	4 officer, 44 enlisted
Armament:	6 × torpedo tubes (4 bow, 2 stern) 22 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedoes 1 × 10.5 cm (4.1 in) deck gun (180 rounds) 1 × 3.7 cm (1.5 in) AA gun 1 × twin 2 cm FlaK 30 AA guns
Service record^[2]^[3]
Part of:	4th U-boat Flotilla 24 January – 31 August 1942 10th U-boat Flotilla 1 September 1942 – 8 July 1943
Commanders:	Kptlt. Hans-Jürgen Auffermann 24 January 1942 – 8 July 1943
Operations:	1st patrol: 15 August – 9 November 1942 2nd patrol: 9 December 1942 – 12 February 1943 3rd patrol: 15 April – 22 May 1943 4th patrol: 1–8 July 1943
Victories:	4 commercial ships sunk (16,329 GRT) 2 commercial ship damaged (13,551 GRT) 2 commercial ship a total loss (8,202 GRT)

German submarine U-514 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was laid down by Hamburg Werft as yard number 310 on 29 April 1941, launched on 18 November and commissioned in December 1941 under Kapitänleutnant Hans-Jürgen Auffermann.

The U-boat was assigned to the 4th U-boat Flotilla for training between 24 January and 31 August 1942 and then the 10th flotilla for operations from 1 September until her loss.

Design

German Type IXC submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXBs. U-514 had a displacement of 1,120 tonnes (1,100 long tons) when at the surface and 1,232 tonnes (1,213 long tons) while submerged.^[4] The U-boat had a total length of 76.76 m (251 ft 10 in), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.76 m (22 ft 2 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 shaft horsepower (1,010 PS; 750 kW) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).^[4]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph).^[4] When submerged, the boat could operate for 63 nautical miles (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 13,450 nautical miles (24,910 km; 15,480 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-514 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) as well as a 2 cm (0.79 in) anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.^[4]

Service history

1st patrol

U-514's operational career began with a short journey from Kiel in Germany to Kristiansand in Norway over 12 and 13 August 1942. She then almost immediately headed west into the Atlantic via the gap between Iceland and the Faeroe Islands. Her first victim was the British sailing schooner Helen Forsey in mid-ocean. Following this success, she moved toward the northern coast of South America, where she attacked five ships. One of them was the Canadian merchant vessel SS Cornwallis on 11 September 1942 off Barbados, firing six torpedoes into Carlisle Bay. These either missed or impacted on the harbor's anti-torpedo netting. After returning fire with her four-inch gun, Cornwallis sustained a strike from one torpedo that had passed through one of at least four damaged portions of the netting around 4:30 PM. The ship was beached, lest she sink in the harbor, repaired and subsequently returned to service.^[5] The boat returned to occupied France, docking in Lorient on 9 November after sinking over 17,000 tons of shipping in 87 days at sea.

2nd patrol

Her second foray between 9 December 1942 and 12 February 1943, although at 66 days not as long as her first, still accounted for 15,270 tons of shipping.

3rd patrol

On her third patrol, the outbound boat was attacked twice in the same day, 17 April 1943. The first was by a Wellington of 172 Squadron RAF; the second was by a Whitley of 10 Squadron. Both attacks were unsuccessful, as was U-514's patrol.

4th patrol

The German submarine departed Lorient on 1 July 1943 but was sunk on the 8th northwest of Cape Finisterre, Spain by rockets fitted to a British B-24 Liberator of 224 Squadron in the Bay of Biscay among a group of Spanish fishing boats.^[5] This modification, although effective in this case, was not adopted for use by such an aircraft as the Liberator.

Wolfpacks

U-514 took part in six wolfpacks, namely.

Delphin (5 January – 9 February 1943)
Amsel (22 April – 3 May 1943)
Specht (27 April – 4 May 1943)
Fink (4–6 May 1943)
Elbe (7–10 May 1943)
Elbe 1 (10–14 May 1943)

Summary of raiding history

Date	Name	Nationality	Tonnage (GRT)	Fate^[6]
6 September 1942	Helen Farsey	United Kingdom	167	Sunk
11 September 1942	Cornwallis	Canada	5,458	Damaged
15 September 1942	Kioto	United Kingdom	3,297	Sunk
28 September 1942	Lages	Brazil	5,472	Total loss
28 September 1942	Osorio	Brazil	2,730	Total loss
12 October 1942	Steel Scientist	United States	5,688	Sunk
3 January 1943	British Vigilance	United Kingdom	8,093	Damaged
27 January 1943	Charles C. Pinckney	United States	7,177	Sunk

References

↑ Kemp 1999, p. 129.
↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Type IXC U-boat U-514". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "War Patrols by U-boat U-514". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
1 2 3 4 Gröner 1991, p. 68.
1 2 Humphrey Metzgen and John Graham, Caribbean Wars Untold: A Salute to the British West Indies, University of West Indies Press, 2007, ISBN 976-640-203-5, ISBN 978-976-640-203-7
↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-514". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 29 January 2014.

Bibliography

Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
Kemp, Paul (1999). U-Boats Destroyed - German Submarine Losses in the World Wars. London: Arms & Armour. ISBN 1-85409-515-3.

External links

Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC boat U-514". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 16 July 2011.

German Type IXC submarine

U-66 U-67 U-68 U-125 U-126 U-127 U-128 U-129 U-130 U-131 U-153 U-154 U-155 U-156 U-157 U-158 U-159 U-160 U-161 U-162 U-163 U-164 U-165 U-166 U-171 U-172 U-173 U-174 U-175 U-176 U-501 U-502 U-503 U-504 U-505 U-506 U-507 U-508 U-509 U-510 U-511 U-512 U-513 U-514 U-515 U-516 U-517 U-518 U-519 U-520 U-521 U-522 U-523 U-524

Preceded by: Type IXB Followed by: Type IXC/40

List of U-boats of Germany

Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in July 1943

Shipwrecks	2 Jul: Hoihow 3 Jul: U-126, U-628 4 Jul: City of Venice 5 Jul: USS Strong, U-535 6 Jul: USS Helena, Erg, Nagatsuki, Niizuki 7 Jul: U-951 8 Jul: U-232, U-514 9 Jul: U-435, U-590 10 Jul: USS Maddox, USS Sentinel 11 Jul: Flutto 12 Jul: HMS California, Duchess of York, U-409, U-506, U-561 13 July: Acciaio, USS Gwin, Jintsū, Timothy Pickering, U-487, U-607 14 Jul: I-179, U-160 15 Jul: U-135, U-509, U-759 16 July: U-67 17 July: Hatsuyuki 19 Jul: U-513 20 Jul: Kiyonami, U-558, Yūgure 21 Jul: U-662 22 Jul: Nisshin 23 Jul: U-527, U-598, U-613 24 Jul: U-459, U-622 25 July: Vaterland, Weissesee 26 July: El Argentino, U-359 27 July: Hamburg, I-168 28 July: Ariake, Mikazuki, U-159, U-404 29 July: Pietro Micca, U-614 30 Jul: U-43, U-375, U-461, U-462, U-504, U-591 31 Jul: U-199 Unknown date: HMS Parthian, U-647

Other incidents	11 Jul: HMS California, Duchess of York 16 Jul: HMS Cleopatra 23 Jul: HMS Newfoundland 29 Jul: USS Tuna

1942 1943 1944 June 1943 August 1943

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