Gianni Bongioanni

Giovanni (Gianni) Bongioanni (born August 6, 1921 in Turin) is an Italian film director, screenwriter, cinematographer, camera operator, editor, writer and occasional actor. He was one of the earliest directors to adopt an authentic, neo-realistic approach to Italian film-making,[1] and his film La svolta pericolosa (1959) is considered the first Italian television series.[2] In addition, Bongioanni was actively involved in the Italian TV and radio broadcasting industries, in which he worked for several years before making his first feature film, Tre per una rapina (1964).

Life

Gianni Bongioanni was born in Turin on August 6, 1921. His mother was an housewife and his father was a turner. At the age of 11, he started working as a turner in his father's store while attending middle school. He found his life at home unsatisfying, and the cinema offered him the best chance of escape from this lifestyle. At the age of 5, he saw his first film (The Kid, directed by Charlie Chaplin) and was so excited by this film that he began to believe that his life could be just like an American film. Bongioanni began attending the two inexpensive cinemas below his house as often as he could; during the following years, he developed a love and an appreciation for American directors and actors. At the age of 11, he took up swimming in order to emulate the Austro-Hungarian American swimmer and actor Johnny Weismuller, who played Tarzan in 1932. As a teenager, Bongioanni's two main passions were swimming and films.

In 1939, Bongioanni was introduced to Turin's CINEGUF, a Cinema Department founded within Turin University for students who wanted to enter the film industry. This gave him an excellent opportunity to gain experience as a camera operator. In 1941, he joined the Cinema Department of the General Staff of the Italian Royal Army, where he was able to view many of the best foreign films of the 1930s. As a result, he became familiar with the work of the most important and influential directors of the time, including Charlie Chaplin, Frank Capra, Fritz Lang, Ernst Lubitsch, William A. Wellman and Marcel Carné amongst others. Bongioanni was even able to watch the original versions of these films, because they had been taken from captured enemy ships. During this period, he also made several documentaries about the war.

In 1944, Bongioanni became the presenter of the radio station Radiotevere,[3] based in Milan. Shortly afterwards, despite being only 23 years old, he became the director of the radio station. In 1946, after the end of the war, he started his career as a reviewer of films and radio shows at the magazine Film, which was directed by Mino Doletti. During this year, he wrote an article called Abbasso i tromboni! (Down with the Windbags!), in which he attacked the current state of Italian cinema, lambasting certain directors and actors who continued to create films in an antiquated style, despite the increasingly prevalent neo-realism of the period.

In 1952, Bongioanni joined the rising national TV and radio broadcasting company "RAI", becoming the technical manager of its Cinema Production Department under the direction of Sergio Pugliese.[4] In 1957, he decided to begin making his own films. His first film, Filo d'erba (A Blade of Grass) was awarded the Prix Italia, an international radio and television prize. Later, between 1959 and 1967, Bongioanni was the producer and director in several TV productions which demonstrated his ability to understand detailed aspects of Italian society. These included La svolta pericolosa (The dangerous turn), which is considered the first Italian television series, Fine di una solitudine (The end of solitude) and La madre di Torino(A mother in Turin). In 1964, he made his first feature film, Tre per una rapina, an action film based on the life of a young Italian immigrant moving to Germany.

After directing various documentaries, Bongioanni returned to fiction in the 1970s with a series of TV series which are considered some of the best in Italian TV history.[5] As a result, Bongioanni has been praised as a director who has tried to bring the painful, and often forgotten, truth to light.[6]. These films marked him out as a keen observer of the harsh realities of Italian life. They included Dedicato a un bambino (Dedicated to a child), Una pistola nel cassetto (A gun in the drawer), Una donna (A Woman), Un matrimonio di provincia (A wedding in a small town), Mia figlia (My daughter) and several others.

In 2011, at the age of 90, Bongioanni decided to make a new film, Di quell'amor (On that love), collaborating with a small group of younger film-makers. This film is about love in old age.

Directing techniques

Bongioanni creates films in the style of documentaries, with a direct sound and spontaneous acting (often using amateurs taken from the street) which requires little or no time to set up. He is also responsible for introducing talented new Italian actors such as Giuliana De Sio, Francesco Salvi, Maria Monti, Angiola Baggi and Carlotta Wittig to the film industry. His filming techniques frequently embed fragmented editing and the narrator's commentary within the film. The result of this process is a film in which the narrator is able to express his thoughts, however abstract they may be, in the same style as a contemporary essay or novel.

Directing career

Radio broadcasts

Documentaries

TV series

Feature films

Acting career

In 1967, Bongioanni played a very small part in Paolo Cavara’s film L'occhio selvaggio (The wild eye). He has also occasionally acted in his own films.

Writing career

In 2003, Bongioanni published a book called RADIOTEVERE. This book is about his experiences as a young radio presenter and director towards the end of the Second World War. In 2008, he published another book, PROFESSIONE REGISTA (PROFESSION: DIRECTOR). This is an account of his professional life, from his early experience of the film industry in Turin to his troubled time in the world of Cinecittà.

Other information

Bongioanni's writing, research, editing and management of production is all carried out at his home in Rome. This allows him to have almost complete artistic control, as well as diminishing his expenses significantly.

Filmography and awards

Year English title Original title Director Producer Writer Premiere Note Awarded
1956 A blade of grass Filo d'erba Yes Yes Yes Television The story of a child worker International Radio and TV film Prize “Prix Italia”.
1959 The dangerous turn La svolta pericolosa Yes Yes Yes Television This consists of 4 episodes, and is considered the first Italian TV series Mention d’honneur – Festival de Cannes (1960)
1964 Three men for a robbery Tre per una rapina Yes Yes Yes Theatrical A noir action story
1965 The end of solitude Fine di una solitudine Yes Yes Yes Television The difficult life of a divorced woman
1967 A mother in Turin La madre di Torino Yes Yes Yes Television A docudrama International Radio and TV film Prize “Prix Italia”
1971 Dedicated to a child Dedicato a un bambino Yes Yes Yes Television The 3-episode story of a poorly-adjusted child
1973 A gun in the drawer Una pistola nel cassetto Yes Yes Yes Television A 3-episode series
1977 A woman Una donna Yes Yes Yes Television From the novel by Sibilla Aleramo: the true story of the first Italian feminist of the 1900s, told in 6 episodes
1979 A wedding in a small-town Un matrimonio in provincia Yes Yes Yes Television From the novel by Maria Antonietta Torriani: a tactful story of love in the nineteenth century, told in 2 episodes
1981 My daughter Mia figlia Yes Yes Yes Television From the novel by Maria Marcone: the story of an anorexic girl, told in 3 episodes International Prize “ENNIO FLAIANO” (1982)
1983 Giovanni from one mother to another Giovanni da una madre all'altra Yes Yes Yes Television The story of a failed adoption, told in 3 episodes
1986 Madness, my love Follia amore mio Yes Yes Yes Television The story of a mentally ill family, told in 3 episodes SFIFF 30- 1987 San Francisco International Film Festival
1989 A cuckoo's son cries in the morning Piange al mattino il figlio del cuculo Yes Yes Yes Television The story of a surrogate mother, told in 2 episodes

Links

References

  1. ↑ A. Grasso, Enciclopedia della Televisione Garzanti, Milano, Garzanti Editore, 1996.
  2. ↑ A. Grasso, Enciclopedia della Televisione Garzanti, Milano, Garzanti Editore, 1996.
  3. ↑ G. Bongioanni, Qui Radiotevere. 1944 storia di radio , di amore e di morte, Sovera Edizioni, Roma, 2003.
  4. ↑ it:Sergio Pugliese
  5. ↑ Roberto Poppi, Dizionario del cinema Italiano. I Registi., Gremese Editore, 2002
  6. ↑ A. Grasso, Enciclopedia della Televisione Garzanti, Milano, Garzanti Editore, 1996.
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