Global Strategy for Plant Conservation

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) is a program of the UN's Convention on Biological Diversity founded in 1999. The GSPC seeks to slow the pace of plant extinction around the world through a strategy of 5 objectives.

History

The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) began as a grass-roots movement in 1999 with discussions at the 16th International Botanical Congress in St. Louis. A group of specialists subsequently met in Gran Canaria and issued the 'Gran Canaria Declaration Calling for a Global Plant Conservation Strategy'. Following extensive consultations, the fleshed-out GPSC was adopted by the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity in April 2002. The GSPC sought to slow the pace of plant extinction around the world by 2010, with Target 1 of the Strategy calling for the completion of "a widely accessible working list of all known plant species, as a step towards a complete world Flora". In 2010, Version 1 of The Plant List was launched aimed to be comprehensive for species of Vascular plant (flowering plants, conifers, ferns and their allies) and of Bryophytes (mosses and liverworts).^[1]

In 2010 GSPC updated its targets to be completed by 2020. In 2012 the Missouri Botanical Garden, The New York Botanical Garden, the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh and the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew agreed to collaborate to develop a World Flora Online.^[2]

Goals

The heart of the GSPC are five goals, expressed as a total of 16 targets. The five objectives and their 16 targets are:^[3]

Objective I: Plant diversity is well understood, documented and recognized

• Target 1: An online flora of all known plants.
• Target 2: An assessment of the conservation status of all known plant species, as far as possible, to guide conservation action.
• Target 3: Information, research and associated outputs, and methods necessary to implement the Strategy developed and shared.

Objective II: Plant diversity is urgently and effectively conserved

• Target 4: At least 15 per cent of each ecological region or vegetation type secured through effective management and/or restoration.
• Target 5: At least 75 per cent of the most important areas for plant diversity of each ecological region protected with effective management in place for conserving plants and their genetic diversity.
• Target 6: At least 75 per cent of production lands in each sector managed sustainably, consistent with the conservation of plant diversity.
• Target 7: At least 75 per cent of known threatened plant species conserved in situ.
• Target 8: At least 75 per cent of threatened plant species in ex situ collections, preferably in the country of origin, and at least 20 per cent available for recovery and restoration programmes.
• Target 9: 70 per cent of the genetic diversity of crops including their wild relatives and other socio-economically valuable plant species conserved, while respecting, preserving and maintaining associated indigenous and local knowledge.
• Target 10: Effective management plans in place to prevent new biological invasions and to manage important areas for plant diversity that are invaded.

Objective III: Plant diversity is used in a sustainable and equitable manner

• Target 11: No species of wild flora endangered by international trade.
• Target 12: All wild harvested plant-based products sourced sustainably.
• Target 13: Indigenous and local knowledge innovations and practices associated with plant resources maintained or increased, as appropriate, to support customary use, sustainable livelihoods, local food security and health care.

Objective IV: Education and awareness about plant diversity, its role in sustainable livelihoods and importance to all life on earth is promoted

• Target 14: The importance of plant diversity and the need for its conservation incorporated into communication, education and public awareness programmes.

Objective V: The capacities and public engagement necessary to implement the Strategy have been developed

• Target 15: The number of trained people working with appropriate facilities sufficient according to national needs, to achieve the targets of this Strategy.
• Target 16: Institutions, networks and partnerships for plant conservation established or strengthened at national, regional and international levels to achieve the targets of this Strategy.

The GSPC is being put through a formal review of progress by the Convention on Biological Diversity, culminating in major discussions in May 2008 in Bonn, Germany at the 9th Conference of the Parties to the CBD.

References

1. The Plant List-about, The Plant List 2013, retrieved 27 September 2015
2. Press release Missouri Botanical Garden receives $3 million gift from Monsanto Company toward development of a World Flora Online. Missouri Botanical Garden, 5 June 2012
3. Convention on Biological Diversity,The targets 2011-2020 Convention on Biological Diversity

External links

• Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Official site
• Botanic Gardens Conservation International Key contributor to the GSPC
• Global Partnership for Plant Conservation NGO partnership aiding in achieving the GSPC
• Gran Canaria Declaration on Climate Change and Plant Conservation Background information with link to a downloadable pdf of the Declaration
• The GSPC - A Plan to Save the World's Plant Species Link to downloadable pdfs of the GSPC 2010 and GSPC 2020 in several languages