Hort.

For other uses, see Hort (disambiguation).

Hort., in the taxonomy of plants, is an abbreviation used to indicate a name that saw significant use in the horticultural literature (usually of the 19th century and earlier), but was never properly published.

Origins and usage

"Hort.," short for Hortulanorum,[1] was proposed in order that a non-wild, cultivated plants known and described in agriculture or gardening circles can be examined by taxonomists, to be examined if they can be established as species, and published. The proposal was made at the 1928 "International Congress of Horticulture of Vienna"[1] by citrus scholar Tyozaburo Tanaka.[1]

For example, for the clementine, the following binomial name was adopted by Tanaka:

Citrus clementina hort. ex Tanaka

With respect to the citrus, Tanaka's system is no longer considered viable (for the clementine example above, the hybrid name Citrus × clementina would be favored by most consensus), but it is still useful as an expedient for designating the numerous Japanese "types" (hybrids, cultivars, accessions, phenotypes).

While Walter Tennyson Swingle recognized only 16 citrus species,[1] Tanaka came up with some 157 species[1] or close to 160.[2] Tanaka's approach has been characterized as that of a "splitter", and Swingles that of a "lumper",[2] but recent comparative research on phenotypes and genetics bear out support for many fewer species (four species[3]).

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Khan, Iqrar Ahmad (2007). Citrus Genetics, Breeding And Biotechnology. CABI. p. 33. ISBN 9781845931933.
  2. 1 2 Page, Martin (2008). Growing Citrus: The Essential Gardener's Guide. Timber Press. p. 30. ISBN 9780881929065.
  3. ↑ Scora and Kumamoto (1983), cited by Martin.


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