Imperial and Royal Hussars

Together with the Dragoons and Uhlans, the Imperial and Royal Hussars (German: k.u.k. Husaren), made up the cavalry of the Austro-Hungarian Army from 1867 to 1918, both in the Common Army and in the Hungarian Landwehr, where they were known as the Royal Hungarian Hussars (k.u. Husaren).

The Austrian monarchy, weakened by the losing the war against Prussia in 1866, had to effectively guarantee the autonomy of Kingdom of Hungary in the so-called Compromise of 15 March 1867. As a result, the Hungarian half of the Empire immediately began to establish its own army, the Royal Hungarian Landwehr (Hungarian: Magyar Királyi Honvédség). The cavalry of the Hungarian Landwehr was made up of the Landwehr Hussars.

Following the signing of the Compromise, the Austrian half of the Empire also started to build an army, the Imperial-Royal Landwehr (German: k.k. Landwehr). The two new Landwehr forces thus existed alongside the Common Army (Gemeinsame Armee), the imperial army of the whole Empire. In effect this meant that Austria-Hungary had three separate armies at the same time.

Imperial and Royal Hussars around 1910

Organisation

The Common Army had 16 hussar regiments and the Royal Hungarian Landwehr had ten. By tradition, the majority of the hussars were recruited from the Hungarian lands, parts of which belong today to Serbia, Romania, including Transylvania and Banat, Croatia and Slovakia (socalled Upper Hungary). The regiments, with a few exceptions, were all stationed there.

The Imperial and Royal Hussars in 1914

A list of the Imperial and Royal Hussars regiments in 1914 is given below by short title (i.e. "1st Hussars" as opposed to "1st Regiment of Hussars").

Master Farrier, 13th Hussars
Buglar, 7th Hussars (wearing a light blue atilla)

Royal Hungarian Hussars

The regiments listed below were part of the Royal Hungarian Hussars, also known as the Royal Hungarian Honved Hussars (k.u. Husaren), Honvéd being Hungarian for "defence". English sources usually refer to regiments simply as e.g. the "1st Hussars" or "1st Honved Hussars".:

19th Cavalry Brigade, 5th Cavalry Division (19. Honvéd Kavallerie Brigade - 5. Honvéd Kavallerie Division)
Commander: Colonel Colbert Zech von Deybach Freiherr von Hart und Sulz - Debachi Zech Colbert harti ès sulzi baró ezredes
22nd Cavalry Brigade, 11th Cavalry Division (22. Honvéd Kavallerie Brigade - 11. Honvéd Kavallerie Truppendivision)
Kommandant: Lieutenant Colonel Johann Flór - Flór János alezredes
22nd Cavalry Brigade, 11th Cavalry Division
Commander: Lieutenant Colonel Árpád Cserépy von Kisruszka - Kisruszkai Cserépy Árpád alezredes
Imperial and Royal Hussars on parade
I and II Squadrons, 23rd Infantry Division (I., II. Esk. 23. Honvéd Infanterie Truppendivision)
III and IV Squadrons, 20th Infantry Division
V and VI Squadrons, 41st Infantry Division
Commander: Lieutenant Colonel Nikolaus Jankovich von Jeszenicze - Jesceniczai Jankovich Miklos alezredes
24th Cavalry Brigade, 11th Cavalry Division
Commander: Colonel Paul Hegedüs - Hegedüs Pál ezredes
23rd Cavalry Brigade, 5th Cavalry Division
Commander: Lieutenant Colonel Ladislaus Forster von Szenterzsébet - Szenterzsébeti Forster László alezredes
23rd Cavalry Brigade, 5th Cavalry Division
Commander: Colonel Johann Graf Lubienski - Gróf Lubienski János ezredes
19th Cavalry Brigade - 5th Cavalry Division
Commander: Lieutenant Colonel Alexius Thege von Konkily - Konkoly Thege Elek alezredes
24th Cavalry Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division
Commander: Colonel Koloman Géczy von Garamszeg - Garamszegi Gèczy Kálmán ezredes
I and II Sqns, 36th Infantry Division
III and IV Sqns, 42nd Infantry Division
V and VI Sqns, 13th Infantry Brigade
Commander: Lieutenant Colonel Alois Hauer - Hauer Alajos alezredes
Shako-coating of the k.u.k. Hussars Regiment
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Official patterns of Austria-Hungarian uniforms (Hussars).

Literature

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