J. Scott Armstrong

J. Scott Armstrong
Born (1937-03-26) March 26, 1937
Residence U.S.
Nationality American
Fields Marketing, advertising
Institutions The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania
Alma mater MIT Sloan School of Management
Carnegie Mellon
Lehigh University

J. Scott Armstrong (born March 26, 1937) is an author, forecasting and marketing expert,[1][2] [3] and a professor of Marketing at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.

Education and background

Armstrong received his B.A. in applied science (1959) and his B.S. in industrial engineering (1960) from Lehigh University. In 1965, he received his M.S. in industrial administration from Carnegie-Mellon University. He received his Ph.D. in management from the MIT Sloan School of Management in 1968.[4] He has taught in Thailand, Switzerland, Sweden, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, Argentina, Japan, and other countries.[4]

Forecasting

Armstrong is the author of Long-Range Forecasting and the editor and co-author of Principles of Forecasting. He was a founder and editor of the Journal of Forecasting,[5] and a founder of the International Journal of Forecasting, and the International Symposium on Forecasting.[6]

Marketing and advertising

Armstrong's book Persuasive Advertising: Evidence-based Principles was published by Palgrave Macmillan in 2010. In it, Armstrong presents 194 principles designed to increase the persuasiveness of advertisements. The principles were derived from empirical data, expert opinion, and observation. They are organized and indexed under ten general principles (e.g. emotion, attention), and those ten principles are further grouped into three categories: strategy, general tactics, and media-specific tactics.[7]

In 1989, a University of Maryland study ranked Armstrong among the top 15 marketing professors in the U.S. based on a study using peer ratings, citations, and publications.[8] He serves or has served on editorial positions for the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, the Journal of Business Research, Interfaces, and other journals. He was awarded the Society for Marketing Advances Distinguished Scholar Award for 2000.

Public Policy

Armstrong also has published several papers dealing with public policy issues ranging from the effectiveness of government mandated disclaimers the moral hazards of executive compensation.[9] Armstrong argues that government mandated disclaimer can be ineffective or even harmful by encouraging negative behavior,[10] perhaps by reducing the buyer’s sense of responsibility and care. Armstrong claims that the free market will fix labelling as sellers have a long-term interest to ensure the satisfaction of buyers and buyers themselves will seek to find out information about the product.

Climate change

In an article published in Energy & Environment, Armstrong claimed that the climate scientists have ignored the scientific literature on forecasting principles.[11][12] Armstrong wrote, "When we inspected the 17 [forecasting] articles, we found that none of them referred to the scientific literature on forecasting methods. It is difficult to understand how scientific forecasting could be conducted without reference to the research literature on how to make forecasts. One would expect to see empirical justification for the forecasting methods that were used. We concluded that climate forecasts are informed by the modelers’ experience and by their models—but that they are unaided by the application of forecasting principles."[11] Others have criticized Armstrong's applications of business forecasting methods to scientific projections as "too ambiguous and subjective to be used as a reliable basis for auditing scientific investigations."[13] Climatologist Kevin Trenberth states that Armstrong's criticisms "overlooked the fact that [the IPCC reports] address many of the things he is critical of."[14]

Armstrong extended a "Global Warming Challenge" to Al Gore in June 2007,[15] in the style of the Simon–Ehrlich wager. Each side was to place $10,000 ($20,000 total) in trust, with the winner being determined by annual mean temperatures. Gore declined the wager, stating that he does not gamble.[16] Climatologist Gavin Schmidt described Armstrong's wager as "essentially a bet on year to year weather noise" rather than climate change.[17]

Armstrong has published articles and testified before Congress on forecasts of polar bear populations (testimony), arguing that previous estimates were too flawed to justify listing the bear as an endangered species.[6][18][19] In an evaluation of Armstrong and other authors’ criticism of polar bear population forecasts, Amstrup and other authors concluded that all of the claims made by Armstrong were either mistaken or misleading.[13]

Selected publications

Books

Papers

Organizations

Armstrong is a founder or co-founder of these organizations

Awards & Honors

References

  1. ↑ sueddeutsche.de GmbH, Munich, Germany. "Wahlforschung – Zauberformeln für den Wählerwillen – Wissen". sueddeutsche.de. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  2. ↑ topeditor (2007-09-05). "Grading the Forecasts of 'Experts'". Blogs.wsj.com. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  3. ↑ "spiked | Put your money where your 'myth' is". Spiked-online.com. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  4. 1 2 "Welcome To". Jscottarmstrong.com. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  5. ↑ (Journal of Forecasting, 1,1982, p. 1–2)
  6. 1 2 "Professor Scott Armstrong Exposing Inaccuracies in Polar Bear Studies". News of Interest.TV. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  7. ↑ Armstrong, J. Scott, Persuasive Advertising, Palgrave Macmillan
  8. ↑ "J. Scott Armstrong, Professor of Marketing – The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania". Marketing.wharton.upenn.edu. 2008-11-18. Retrieved 2010-04-16.
  9. ↑ Armstrong, Scott (30 March 2012). "Evidence on the Effects of Mandatory Disclaimers in Advertising". Journal of Public Policy & Marketing.
  10. ↑ Evidence on the Effects of Mandatory Disclaimers in Advertising
  11. 1 2 "Principles of Forecasting – Public policy" (PDF). Forecastingprinciples.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 8, 2013. Retrieved 2010-04-16.
  12. ↑ Armstrong, J. Scott (13 September 2007). "Global Warming: Forecasts by Scientists versus Scientific Forecasts" (PDF). ff.org. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
  13. 1 2 Amstrup, Steven C., Casswell H., DeWeaver E., Stirling I., Douglas D.C., Marcot B.G., Hunter C.M. (2009). "Rebuttal of "Polar Bear Population Forecasts: A Public-Policy Forecasting Audit"" (PDF). Interfaces. 39: 353–369. doi:10.1287/inte.1090.0444.
  14. ↑ Global Warming and Forecasts of Climate Change
  15. ↑ Schapiro, Rich (2008-03-01). "Penn prof still hot to tackle Al Gore on global warming". New York: NY Daily News. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  16. ↑ Hume, Brit (2007-06-27). "One Expert Is Willing to Bet Money Al Gore Is Wrong About Global Warming – Brit Hume | Special Report". FOXNews.com. Retrieved 2010-04-16.
  17. ↑ Gavin Schmidt (20 July 2007). "Green and Armstrong's scientific forecast". RealClimate. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
  18. ↑ "Federal Polar Bear Research Critically Flawed, Forecasting Expert Asserts". ScienceDaily. 2008-05-10. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  19. ↑ "Federal Polar Bear Research Critically Flawed, Argue Forecasting Experts in INFORMS Journal – INFORMS: The Institute For Operations Research and The Management Sciences". Informs. Retrieved 2010-04-19.
  20. ↑ "Global Marketing Conference Hong Kong".
  21. ↑ "Faculty Awards - Marketing Department". marketing.wharton.upenn.edu. Retrieved 2016-02-15.
  22. ↑ "J. Scott Armstrong - Marketing Department". marketing.wharton.upenn.edu. Retrieved 2016-02-15.
  23. ↑ "Forecasting - Biographies of Handbook Authors". www.forecastingprinciples.com. Retrieved 2016-02-15.
  24. ↑ Kirkpatrick, Shelley A.; Locke, Edwin A. (1992-03-01). "The Development of Measures of Faculty Scholarship". Group & Organization Management. 17 (1): 5–23. doi:10.1177/1059601192171002. ISSN 1059-6011.
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