Jihad in Hadith

The Hadiths are narrations originating from the words and deeds of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Hadith are regarded by the traditional schools of jurisprudence as important tools for understanding the Qur'an and in matters of jurisprudence. Jihad is an Islamic term which is a religious duty of Muslims. As in other matters of Islam, there are many Hadith explaining the concept of Jihad. Of the 199 references to jihad in perhaps the most standard collection of hadith—Bukhari—all assume that jihad means warfare.[1]

Hadith

Among reported saying of the Islamic prophet Muhammad involving jihad are:

The best Jihad is the word of Justice in front of the oppressive sultan.
— cited by Ibn Nuhaas and narrated by Ibn Habbaan[2][3]
The Messenger of Allah was asked about the best jihad. He said: "The best jihad is the one in which your

horse is slain and your blood is spilled."

— cited by Ibn Nuhaas and narrated by Ibn Habbaan[4]
Narrated Anas ibn Malik:

Allah's Apostle said, "I have been ordered to fight the people till they say: 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah.' And if they say so, pray like our prayers, face our Qibla and slaughter as we slaughter, then their blood and property will be sacred to us and we will not interfere with them except legally and their reckoning will be with Allah." Narrated Maimun ibn Siyah that he asked Anas bin Malik,

"O Abu Hamza! What makes the life and property of a person sacred?" He replied, "Whoever says, 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah', faces our Qibla during the prayers, prays like us and eats our slaughtered animal, then he is a Muslim, and has got the same rights and obligations as other Muslims have."

— Sahih al-Bukhari, 1:8:387 and Sahih al-Bukhari, 1:2:24 see also Sahih Muslim, 1:30,Sahih Muslim, 1:31,Sahih Muslim, 1:32,Sahih Muslim, 1:33,Sahih Muslim, 1:34
On the day of Al-Ahzab (i.e. clans) the Prophet said, (After this battle) we will go to attack them (i.e. the infidels) and they will not come to attack us."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:59:435 see also Sahih Muslim, 19:4294
Narrated Abu Huraira: I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "The example of a Mujahid in Allah's Cause-- and Allah knows better who really strives in His Cause----is like a person who fasts and prays continuously. Allah guarantees that He will admit the Mujahid in His Cause into Paradise if he is killed, otherwise He will return him to his home safely with rewards and war booty."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:46 see also Sahih Muslim, 20:4646
Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet said, "Nobody who dies and finds good from Allah (in the Hereafter) would wish to come back to this world even if he were given the whole world and whatever is in it, except the martyr who, on seeing the superiority of martyrdom, would like to come back to the world and get killed again (in Allah's Cause)."

Narrated Anas: The Prophet said, "A single endeavor (of fighting) in Allah's Cause in the afternoon or in the forenoon is better than all the world and whatever is in it. A place in Paradise as small as the bow or lash of one of you is better than all the world and whatever is in it. And if a houri from Paradise appeared to the people of the earth, she would fill the space between Heaven and the Earth with light and pleasant scent and her head cover is better than the world and whatever is in it."

— Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:53 see also Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:50, Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:54
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: One who died but did not fight in the way of Allah nor did he express any desire (or determination) for Jihid died the death of a hypocrite. 'Abdullah b. Mubarak said: We think the hadith pertained to the time of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
— Sahih Muslim, 20:4696 see also Sahih Muslim, 20:4631, Sahih Muslim, 20:4634, Sahih Muslim, 20:4635
A man whose face was covered with an iron mask (i.e. clad in armor) came to the Prophet and said, "O Allah's Apostle! Shall I fight or embrace Islam first? "The Prophet said, "Embrace Islam first and then fight." So he embraced Islam, and was martyred. Allah's Apostle said, A Little work, but a great reward. "(He did very little (after embracing Islam), but he will be rewarded in abundance)."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:63 see also Sahih Muslim, 20:4639
Narrated 'Abdullah ibn Abu Aufa: Allah's Apostle said, "Know that Paradise is under the shades of swords."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:73 see also Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:72
Narrated Abu Sa‘id al-Khudri: Somebody asked, "O Allah's Apostle! Who is the best among the people?" Allah's Apostle replied "A believer who strives his utmost in Allah's Cause with his life and property." They asked, "Who is next?" He replied, "A believer who stays in one of the mountain paths worshipping Allah and leaving the people secure from his mischief."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:45 see also Sahih Muslim, 20:4652,Sahih Muslim, 20:4653
Narrated Abu Musa Ashaari: A man came to the Prophet and asked, "A man fights for war booty; another fights for fame and a third fights for showing off; which of them fights in Allah's Cause?" The Prophet said, "He who fights that Allah's Word (i.e. Islam) should be superior, fights in Allah's Cause."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:65 see also Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:48
Narrated Abu Huraira: A man came to Allah's Apostle and said, "Instruct me as to such a deed as equals Jihad (in reward)." He replied, "I do not find such a deed." Then he added, "Can you, while the Muslim fighter is in the battle-field, enter your mosque to perform prayers without cease and fast and never break your fast?" The man said, "But who can do that?" Abu- Huraira added, "The Mujahid (i.e. Muslim fighter) is rewarded even for the footsteps of his horse while it wanders bout (for grazing) tied in a long rope."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:44 see also Sahih Muslim, 19:4315, Sahih Muslim, 19:4314
Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri: "Allah's Apostle said, "A time will come upon the people, when a group of people will wage a holy war and it will be said, 'Is there amongst you anyone who has accompanied Allah's Apostle?' They will say, 'Yes.' And so victory will be bestowed on them. Then a time will come upon the people when a group of people will wage a holy war, and it will be said, "Is there amongst you a none who has accompanied the companions of Allah's Apostle?' They will say, 'Yes.' And so victory will be bestowed on them. Then a time will come upon the people when a group of people will wage a holy war, and it will be said, "Is there amongst you anyone who has been in the company of the companions of the companions of Allah's Apostle ?' They will say, 'Yes.' And victory will be bestowed on them."
— Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:57:1 see also Sahih Muslim, 41:6904,Sahih Muslim, 20:4717,Sahih Muslim, 20:4712
It has been narrated on the authority of Zaid b. Kbalid al-Juhani that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: Anybody who equips a warrior (going to fight) in the way of Allah (is like one who actually) fights. And anybody who looks well after his family in his absence (is also like one who actually) fights.
— Sahih Muslim, 20:4668 see also Sahih Muslim, 20:4669
It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Ishaq, that he heard Bara' talking about the Qur'anic verse:" Those who sit (at home) from among the believers and those who go out for Jihad in the way of Allah are not aqual" (iv. 95). (He said that) the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) ordered Zaid (to write the verse). He brought a shoulder-blade (of a slaughtered camel) and inscribed it (the verse) thereon. The son of Umm Maktum complained of his blindness to the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him). (At this) descended the revelation:" Those of the believers who sit (at home) without any trouble (illness, incapacity, disability)" (iv. 95). The tradition has been handed down through two other chains of transmitters.
— Sahih Muslim, 20:4676 see also Sahih Muslim, 20:4677

Sahih al-Bukhari

Sahih al-Bukhari is one of the six canonical Hadith collections of Sunni Islam. Sunni Muslims regard it as being the most authentic of the six, and is considered to be the most authentic book after Qur-an.[5] Sahih al-Bukhari contains a chapter "Fighting for the Cause of Allah (Jihad)".[6]

According to a Hadith in Sahih Bukhari, participating in Jihad is the third best deed for man, after offering prayers at their stated times and being dutiful to one's parents[7] whereas another Hadith in the same collection has Jihad as the second best deed, after belief in Allah and Muhammad.[8] In another Hadith in Bukhari, it is said that there is no migration after the Conquest of Mecca, but Jihad and good intention remain; and if one is called by the Muslim ruler for fighting, one should go forth immediately.[9] Jihad for women is different from that of men. In 4:42:42, Muhammad is reported to have said that the best Jihad for women is Hajj.[10] Another Hadith (4:52:44) says that no deed equals Jihad in reward, and that the Mujahid is rewarded even for the footsteps of his horse while it wanders about.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Muhammad ibn Isma'il Bukhari, The Translation of the Meaning of Sahih al-Bukhari, trans. Muhammad Muhsin Khan, 8 vols. (Medina: Dar al-Fikr: 1981), 4:34–204. Quoted in Streusand, Douglas E. (September 1997). "What Does Jihad Mean?". Middle East Quarterly: 9–17. In hadith collections, jihad means armed action; for example, the 199 references to jihad in the most standard collection of hadith, Sahih al-Bukhari, all assume that jihad means warfare.
  2. ↑ Performing Best Jihad in Egypt Accessed: May 9, 2011
  3. ↑ The Need for Understanding and Tolerance Accessed: May 11, 2011
  4. ↑ Ibn Nuhaas, Book of Jihad, Translated by Nuur Yamani, p. 107
  5. ↑ Muqaddimah Ibn al-Salah, pg. 160-9 Dar al-Ma’aarif edition
  6. ↑ Translation of Sahih Bukhari, Book 52: Fighting for the Cause of Allah (Jihaad)
  7. ↑ Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:41
  8. ↑ Sahih al-Bukhari, 1:2:25
  9. ↑ Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:42
  10. ↑ Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:42:43
  11. ↑ Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:52:44
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