Johan Frederik Holleman

Johan Frederik Holleman

Portrait of Johan Frederik Holleman

Johan Frederik Holleman
Born (1915-12-18)18 December 1915
Tulungagung, Dutch East Indies
Died 28 August 2001(2001-08-28) (aged 85)
Alphen aan den Rijn, Netherlands
Occupation Professor, ethnologist, legal scholar
Academic background
Alma mater Stellenbosch University
University of Cape Town

Johan 'Hans' Frederik Holleman (18 December 1915 – 28 August 2001)[1] was a Dutch and South African professor, ethnologist, legal scholar, best known for his research into the indigenous legal systems of Southern Africa. During his life he published twenty books, including five works of fiction. He also published works using the pseudonyms 'Jacobus van der Blaeswindt' and 'Holmer Johanssen'.

Biography

Johan Holleman was born in Tulungagung in Java in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) in 1915. His father was Frederik David Holleman (1887–1958), a Dutch and South African ethnologist and legal scholar working in the Dutch colonial service.

He studied law and ethnology at Stellenbosch University in South Africa, completing his bachelor's degree ethnology and Roman-Dutch Law in 1937, and his master's degree in ethnology (awarded cum laude) in 1938. During this time he became interested in the ethnography of Southern Africa, and lived in a Zulu kraal for a period of ten months. Here he studied Zulu customary law, and also photographed scenes of everyday life in traditional Zulu society. Holleman's photography was well received, and the subject of several photo exhibitions in Stellenbosch.

During this period his also published his first of several fiction books, a book called Gety which is regarded as an important contribution to New Realism.[2]

Johan Holleman acquired South African citizenship in 1940. Between 1940 and 1945 he worked in the civil service, but was prevented from making full use of his knowledge of African Customary Law and instead "banned" to Riversdal, far away from the African population.[3] During his service there he also married his wife Marie Sem. In 1945, he left the civil service and, after a brief stint as an art director at a film company, was appointed a Beit Research Fellow at the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute in Lusaka in Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). Here he participated in Max Gluckman's research into Southern and Central Africa.

For his doctorate Holleman studied under Isaac Schapera. He was awarded his PhD on Shona Family Law in Southern Rhodesia by the University of Cape Town in 1950.

He briefly worked as a curator at the Queen Victoria Memorial Museum in Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia (now Harare in Zimbabwe) before accepting a management position in the Department of Native Affairs of Bulawayo and Wedza. Here he conducted research into urbanization, and also made several recommendations to the Southern Rhodesian government regarding legal protection for migrant labourers. In 1958 he published the book African Interlude, which was a part academic, and part biographical book on his time spent in Southern Rhodesia. Chief, Council, and Commissioner published in 1969, was based on his research on urbanization during this time.

Between 1957 and 1962, he was a professor and director at the Institute of Social Research of the University of Natal in Durban, South Africa. He was invited by the Southern Rhodesian government to participate in the Mangwende Commission on the administrative and agricultural issues in the Murewa region. He served on the commission during the period 1960-1961, and wrote an influential report for the commission, arguing that much of the administrative issues in the Murewa region was the result of cultural misunderstanding between colonial administrators and the native population. As a result of this report, the government of Southern Rhodesia passed legislation requiring all colonial administrators to take courses in ethnography and management.

He moved to Leiden in the Netherlands in 1963. Here he served as professor of Sociology and Cultural Studies of Africa at the Institute for Cultural Anthropology of Non-Western Nations, as well as a director at the Afrika-Studiecentrum from 1963–69.[4] In 1969, he was appointed professor of Customary Law at Leiden University as successor of Hans Keuning to the chair of Adat Law. Here he followed in his father's footsteps, holding the same chair his father and Van Vollenhoven once did. He retired in 1979, one year before his mandatory retirement as his chair had been abolished and because he wanted to focus on his translation of Cornelis van Vollenhoven's series of books on adat law in the Dutch East Indies.[5] His chair at the university was retired at the same time.

Johan Holleman died in Alphen aan den Rijn, in the Netherlands, in 2001. The archives of both Hollemans may be found in the special collections of Leiden University Library,[6] the Museum Volkenkunde in Leiden, and the Afrika-Studiecentrum library,[7] also in Leiden.

Selected bibliography

References

  1. ↑ Vermeulen, Han (2001). "In Memoriam: Prof.dr. J.F. Holleman". mareonline. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
  2. ↑ Breuer, Rosemarie. "Alphabetical List of Authors: Holmer Johanssen (Pseudonym) / Johan Frederic (sic) Holleman". StellenboschWriters.com. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  3. ↑ Von Benda-Beckmann, Franz; Vermeulen, Han (2001). "Adat Law and Legal Anthropology, In Memoriam: Johan Frederik (Hans) Holleman (18 December 1915 - 28 August 2001); with a bibliography." (PDF). Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law (46). Retrieved 17 March 2016.
  4. ↑ "About the ASCL". African Studies Centre Leiden. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
  5. ↑ "Leidse Hoogleraren vanaf 1575: Johan Frederik Holleman". Universiteit Leiden. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  6. ↑ "Archief Holleman, F.D.". Special Collections. Universiteit Leiden. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  7. ↑ "Archives". African Studies Centre Leiden. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
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