John Twenge

John Twenge
(Saint John of Bridlington)
Born 1320
Thwing, England
Died 10 October 1379
Venerated in Roman Catholic Church
Canonized 1401 by Pope Boniface IX
Feast 21 October
Attributes fish, book, crozier, fur almice; muzzled animal at his feet
Patronage women in difficult labour; fishermen

John Twenge (Saint John of Bridlington, John Thwing, John of Thwing, John Thwing of Bridlington) (1319–1379) is an English saint of the 14th century.

Life

Born in 1320 in the village of Thwing on the Yorkshire Wolds, about nine miles west of Bridlington,[1] he was of the Yorkshire family Twenge, which during the English Reformation supplied two Roman Catholic priest-martyrs and was also instrumental in establishing the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary at Bar Convent, York.

John was schooled in the village from the age of five, before completing his studies at Oxford. He then entered the Augustinian Canons Regular community of Priory of Bridlington. He carried out his duties with humility and diligence, and was in turn novice master, almsgiver, preacher and sub-prior. He became Canon of the Priory in 1346 and was eventually elected Prior in 1356. John initially declined out of humility, but after being re-elected, probably in 1361, that he took on the duties of Prior in January 1362.[1] He served as Prior for 17 years before his death on 10 October 1379.

Miracles attributed to him

In his lifetime he enjoyed a reputation for great holiness and for miraculous powers. Reputedly on one occasion he changed water into wine. On another, five seamen from Hartlepool in danger of shipwreck called upon God in the name of His servant, John of Bridlington, whereupon the prior himself appeared to them in his canonical habit and brought them safely to shore. The men left their vessel at the harbour and walked to the Monastery where they thanked John in person for saving their lives.[1]

The Vision of William Staunton (British Library Manuscripts, Royal 17.B.xliii and Additional 34,193) recounts William's visit to St. Patrick's Purgatory where he sees both purgatory and the earthly paradise and is conducted through the otherworld by St. John of Bridlington and St. Ive (of Quitike).[2]

Death and canonisation

After his death from natural causes the fame of the supposed miracles wrought by his intercession spread rapidly through the land. Archbishop of York Neville charged his suffragans and others to take evidence with a view to his canonisation, 26 July 1386. Richard Scrope, Archbishop of York 1398-1405, assisted by the Bishops of Durham and Carlisle Cathedrals, officiated at a solemn translation of his body, 11 March 1404, de mandato Domini Papae.[3] This pope, Boniface IX, shortly afterwards canonised him. The fact has been doubted and disputed; but the original Bull was unearthed in the Vatican archives by Mr. T.A. Twemlow, who was engaged in research work there for the British government.

At the English Reformation Henry VIII was asked to spare the magnificent shrine of the saint, but in vain; it was destroyed in 1537. The nave of the church, restored in 1857, is all that now remains of Bridlington Priory. The saint's feast is observed by the canons regular on 9 October.[3]

Veneration

Window at All Saints

St John of Bridlington was commended for the integrity of his life, his scholarship, and his quiet generosity. He was the last English saint to be canonised before the English Reformation. King Henry V attributed his victory at Agincourt to the intercession in heaven of this Saint John and of Saint John of Beverley. Women in difficult labour may pray to St John of Bridlington as their patron saint[4] and he is also associated with the local fishing industry.

At All Saints Church Thwing, there is a window showing St John of Bridlington and St Cecilia. There is a St John Street in Bridlington named after him, an old thoroughfare linking the "Old Town" that grew up around Bridlington Priory with the quayside community of fishermen and traders. At the church of St Andrew, Hempstead, a wooden panel showing John of Bridlington depicts him holding a fish, and in episcopal robes, though he never served as bishop.[5]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Wilson, Mike. "St John of Bridlington", Bridlington.net
  2. ↑ Eileen Gardiner, Medieval Visions of Heaven and Hell: A Sourcebook (New York: Garland, 1993), 153–54.
  3. 1 2 Scully, Vincent. "St. John Twenge." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 26 May 2013
  4. ↑ Holman, Tom (2008). A Yorkshire Miscellany. France's Lincoln Ltd. p. 63. ISBN 0711228655.
  5. ↑ St Andrew, Hempstead at The Norfolk Churches Site
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