José, Prince of Brazil

D. José, Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛ]; 20 August 1761 – 11 September 1788) was the heir apparent to the Kingdom of Portugal until his death in 1788, as the eldest child of Queen Maria I of Portugal and King Pedro III of Portugal,^{[lower-alpha 1]} members of the House of Braganza

José died of smallpox at the age of 27, causing his younger and ill-prepared brother,^[1] Infante João, to become heir-apparent and eventually King. João's reign would be a turbulent one, seeing Napoleonic invasion of Portugal and the loss of the Portuguese Empire's largest and wealthiest colony, Brazil.

Early life

José age of 13; (1774)

José was born at the Real Barraca where the Palace of Ajuda in Lisbon stands today. He was named after his grandfather who was the ruling King of Portugal at the time of his birth. His grandfather created him Prince of Beira, this being the first time when the title was given to a male.

At the time of his birth, his parents were the Prince and Princess of Brazil, his mother the Heir presumptive of the king.

Marriage

On 21 February 1777, when he was 15 years old, he married his 30-year-old aunt the Infanta Benedita of Portugal. Benedita was an attractive woman and the main candidate for the wife of José. The marriage was the express wish of the king José.

They had no children, however she miscarried twice: in 1781 and in 1786. Three days after their wedding, José's grandfather and Benedita's father the old King José died, and his mother succeeded as queen regnant. Infante José became the new crown prince, being accorded the titles Prince of Brazil and 14th Duke of Braganza.

Death and legacy

Royal styles of José, Prince of Brazil

Reference style	His Royal Highness
Spoken style	Your Royal Highness
Alternative style	Sire

José died at the age of 27 of smallpox. Upon José's death, his younger brother Infante John became heir-apparent to the throne and thus the new Prince of Brazil. José died on the Ajuda Royal Complex in Lisbon. His mother and wife were very badly affected by his death. His wife would be known as the "Dowager Princess of Brazil" till her death in 1829.

José is buried in the Royal Pantheon of the House of Braganza in Lisbon, the resting place for most of the members of the House of Braganza.

Titles, styles, and honours

Titles and styles

20 August 1761 – 24 February 1777 His Royal Highness The Prince of Beira, Duke of Barcelos.
24 February 1777 – 11 September 1788 His Royal Highness The Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza.

Honours

Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece

Ancestors

Ancestors of José, Prince of Brazil

16. John IV of Portugal

8. Peter II of Portugal (=24)

17. Luisa of Medina-Sidonia

4. John V of Portugal (=12)

18. Philip William, Elector Palatine (=22)

9. Maria Sofia of Neuburg (=25)

19. Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (=23)

2. Peter III of Portugal

20. Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor

10. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (=26)

21. Maria Anna of Spain

5. Maria Anna of Austria (=13)

22. Philip William, Elector Palatine (=18)

11. Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg (=27)

23. Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt (=19)

1. José, Prince of Brazil

24. Peter II of Portugal (=8)

12. John V of Portugal (=4)

25. Maria Sofia of Neuburg (=9)

6. Joseph I of Portugal

26. Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (=10)

13. Maria Anna of Austria (=5)

27. Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg (=11)

3. Maria I of Portugal

28. Louis of France, Dauphin of France, Grand Dauphin

14. Philip V of Spain

29. Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria

7. Infanta Mariana Victoria of Spain

30. Odoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma

15. Elisabeth Farnese

31. Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg

Endnotes

↑ When José was born, his parents were not King and Queen yet, but the Prince and Princess of Brazil

Footnotes

↑ Chisholm 1911, p. 444.

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "John VI". Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 444.
(Portuguese) A Prince that was almost a King
(Portuguese) Orders from King José to Prince José
Carlota Joaquina, Queen of Portugal

External links

Media related to José, Prince of Beira and Brazil at Wikimedia Commons

Portuguese royalty
José, Prince of Brazil House of Braganza Cadet branch of the House of Aviz Born: 20 August 1761 Died: 11 September 1788
Preceded by Maria Francisca	Prince of Beira Duke of Barcelos 20 August 1761— 24 February 1777	Succeeded by Maria Teresa
Preceded by Maria I	Prince of Brazil Duke of Braganza 24 February 1777— 11 September 1788	Succeeded by John VI

Princes of Brazil

Teodósio (1645–1653) Afonso (1653–1656) João (1688) João (1689–1706) Pedro (1712-1714) José (1714–1750) Maria (1760–1777) José (1777–1788) João (1788–1816) Pedro (1816–1817)

Dukes of Braganza

Feudal Dukes	Afonso Fernando I Fernando II Jaime Teodósio I João I Teodósio II João II

Heir to the Throne	Teodósio Afonso Isabel Luísa João João Maria Bárbara Pedro José Maria Francisca José João Pedro de Alcântara Maria da Glória Pedro Carlos Luís Filipe

Claimant to the Throne	Miguel Miguel Januário Duarte Nuno Duarte Pio

Infantes of Portugal

The generations indicate descent from Afonso I, and continues through the House of Aviz, the House of Habsburg through Infanta Isabel, Holy Roman Empress and Queen of Spain, and the House of Braganza through Infanta Catarina, Duchess of Braganza.

1st generation	Infante Henrique Sancho I Infante João

2nd generation	Afonso II Infante Raimundo Infante Pedro, Count of Urgell Infante Fernando, Count of Flanders Infante Henrique

3rd generation	Sancho II Afonso III Infante Fernando, Lord of Serpa

4th generation	Infante Fernando Dinis I Infante Afonso, Lord of Portalegre Infante Vicente

5th generation	Afonso IV Infante Afonso, Lord of Leiria

6th generation	Infante Afonso Infante Dinis Pedro I Infante João

7th generation	Infante Luís Fernando I Infante Afonso Infante João, Duke of Valencia de Campos Infante Dinis, Lord of Cifuentes

8th generation	Infante Pedro Infante Afonso (1382) Infante Afonso (1390–1400) Duarte I Infante Pedro, Duke of Coimbra Infante Henrique, Duke of Viseu Infante João, Constable of Portugal Infante Fernando

9th generation	Infante João Afonso V Infante Fernando, Duke of Viseu Infante Duarte Infante Pedro, Constable of Portugal Infante João, Prince of Antioch Cardinal-Infante Jaime of Coimbra Infante Diogo, Constable of Portugal

10th generation	João, Prince of Portugal João II Infante João, Duke of Viseu Infante Diogo, Duke of Viseu Infante Duarte of Viseu Infante Dinis of Viseu Infante Simão of Viseu Infante Afonso of Viseu Manuel I

11th generation	Afonso, Prince of Portugal Infante João Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal and Asturias* João III Infante Luís, Duke of Beja Infante Fernando, Duke of Guarda Cardinal-Infante Afonso Henrique I (The Cardinal-King) Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães Infante António Infante Carlos

12th generation	Afonso, Prince of Portugal Manuel, Prince of Portugal Filipe, Prince of Portugal Infante Dinis João Manuel, Prince of Portugal Infante António Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães

13th generation	Sebastião I Carlos, Prince of Asturias§# Diogo, Prince of Portugal and Asturias§# Filipe II§# Manuel, Hereditary Prince of Portugalƒ

14th generation	Filipe III§# Infante Carlos§# Cardinal-Infante Fernando§# Infante Alfonso Mauricio§#

15th generation	Baltasar Carlos, Prince of Portugal and Asturias§# Infante Francisco Fernando§# Teodósio, Prince of Brazil Afonso VI Pedro II

16th generation	João, Prince of Brazil João V Infante Francisco, Duke of Beja Infante António Infante Manuel, Count of Ourém

17th generation	Pedro, Prince of Brazil José I Infante Carlos Pedro III Infante Alexandre

18th generation	None

19th generation	José, Prince of Brazil Infante João (1762) Infante João Francisco João VI

20th generation	Francisco António, Prince of Beira Pedro I of Brazil & IV of Portugal Miguel I Infante Pedro Carlos§

21st generation	Miguel, Prince of Beira João Carlos, Prince of Beira Infante Miguel, Duke of Braganza Infante Sebastião§

22nd generation	Pedro V¶ Luís I¶ Infante João, Duke of Beja¶ Infante Fernando¶ Infante Augusto, Duke of Coimbra¶ Infante Leopoldo¶ Infante Eugénio¶ Infante Miguel, Duke of Viseu Infante Francisco José Infante Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza

23rd generation	Carlos I¶ Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto¶ Infante Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza Infante Miguel, Duke of Viseu Infante Henrique, Duke of Coimbra

24th generation	Luís Filipe, Prince Royal¶ Manuel II¶ Infante Afonso, Prince of Beira Infante Dinis, Duke of Porto

* also an infante of Castile and León, Aragon, Sicily and Naples, § also an infante of Spain, # also an archduke of Austria, ‡ also an imperial prince of Brazil, ¶ also a prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke in Saxony ƒ claimant infante

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