Joseph Turner (architect)

Joseph Turner (c. 1729–1807) was an architect of Welsh origin who worked in the 18th century.^[1] Most of his major works were in North Wales, and in Chester, Cheshire. Almost all of them were in Georgian style, with at least one work in Gothic style, in Mold, Flintshire, Wales.^[2] Turner also designed memorials in Chester Cathedral,^[3] and in the churches of St Peter, Prestbury,^[4] St Margaret, Wrenbury,^[5] St Peter, Ruthin,^[6] and St Collen, Llangollen.^[7] Turner was a member of Chester Assembly.^[8]

Major works

Key

Grade	Criteria[9]
I	Buildings of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important
II*	Particularly important buildings of more than special interest
II	Buildings of national importance and special interest

Name	Location	Photograph	Date	Notes	Grade
Chirk Castle	Chirk, Wrexham, Wales 52°56′07″N 3°05′23″W / 52.9352°N 3.0897°W		1760s–1770s	Alterations, including provision of new windows, a "Green House" in the garden (1767) (later rebuilt), stables (1768–69), the state dining room (c. 1770–71), and a new staircase leading to the state rooms (1778).[10][11]	I
St Mary's Church, Mold	Mold, Flintshire, Wales 53°10′09″N 3°08′35″W / 53.1691°N 3.1430°W		1768–73	Turner added the tower in "a credible 18th-century attempt at Georgian style".[12][13]	I
Bridge	St Asaph, Denbighshire, Wales 53°15′23″N 3°26′51″W / 53.2564°N 3.4476°W		1770	A five-arched bridge over the River Elwy.[14][15]	II*
New Hall Lodge, Chirk Castle	Chirk, Wrexham, Wales 52°56′29″N 3°04′48″W / 52.9414°N 3.0801°W	—	1770	A pair of lodges in Georgian style at the entrance to Chirk Park.[16][17][18]	II
Entrance gates, lodge and screen	Oulton Estate, Cheshire 53°11′01″N 2°36′49″W / 53.1837°N 2.6136°W		c. 1775	The entrance to the former country house on Oulton Estate.[19][20]	II*
Lighthouse	Point of Ayr, Flintshire, Wales 53°21′25″N 3°19′20″W / 53.3570°N 3.3222°W		1777	A lighthouse at the northernmost point of Wales.[21][22]	II
Dyffryn Aled	Llansannan, Conwy, Wales		1777	A house demolished in about 1920.[23]	—
10–28 Nicholas Street	Chester, Cheshire 53°11′21″N 2°53′42″W / 53.1891°N 2.8951°W	—	1780	A terrace of ten town houses in Georgian style.[24][25]	II
Bridgegate	Chester, Cheshire 53°11′10″N 2°53′21″W / 53.1862°N 2.8893°W		1781	A replacement for an earlier gateway at the southern entrance to the city. It is in Neoclassical style.[8][26][27][28]	I
Flintshire County Gaol	Flint Castle, Flint, Flintshire, Wales	—	1784–85	Built in the outer ward of the castle, this was demolished in 1969.[29]	—
Ruthin Library	Record Street, Ruthin, Denbighshire, Wales 53°06′49″N 3°18′34″W / 53.1135°N 3.3095°W		1785–90	Built initially as a record office, it was extended to be the county hall, including a courthouse. It later became the town's library.[30][31]	II*
Watergate	Chester, Cheshire 53°11′22″N 2°53′51″W / 53.1894°N 2.8974°W		1788	A replacement for an earlier gateway at the western entrance to the city.[8][27][32][33]	I
Bridge of Sighs	Chester, Cheshire 53°11′38″N 2°53′37″W / 53.1939°N 2.8937°W		1793	A bridge linking the former gaol to the chapel of Bluecoat School.[34][35]	II

References

Citations

1. Joseph Turner – Summary, Parks and Gardens Data Services, retrieved 6 November 2011
2. Hubbard 1986, pp. 57–58.
3. Hartwell et al. 2011, pp. 40, 227, 229.
4. Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 547.
5. Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 691.
6. Hubbard 1986, p. 275.
7. Hubbard 1986, p. 220.
8. Ward 2009, p. 79.
9. Listed Buildings, Historic England, retrieved 27 March 2015
10. Hubbard 1986, pp. 122–27.
11. Chirk Castle, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011
12. Hubbard 1986, p. 389.
13. Parish Church of St Mary, Mold, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011
14. Hubbard 1986, pp. 441–442.
15. St Asaph Bridge, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011
16. Hubbard 1986, p. 128.
17. New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: North Lodge, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011
18. New Hall Gate to Chirk Park: South Lodge, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011
19. Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 432.
20. Historic England, "Screen, lodges and gates at Oulton Park (1138435)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011
21. Hubbard 1986, pp. 444–45.
22. Point of Ayr Lighthouse, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011
23. Hubbard 1986, p. 241.
24. Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 131.
25. Historic England, "Number 10–28 and steps, railings and lamp holder, Nicholas Street, Chester (1376327)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011
26. Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 132.
27. Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 254.
28. Historic England, "The Bridgegate, Chester (1376320)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011
29. Hubbard 1986, p. 349.
30. Hubbard 1986, pp. 276–77.
31. Ruthin Library, Cadw, retrieved 7 November 2011
32. Langtree & Comyns 2001, p. 133.
33. Historic England, "The Watergate, Chester (1376468)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011
34. Hartwell et al. 2011, p. 270.
35. Historic England, "Bridge of Sighs, Chester (1375967)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 6 November 2011

Sources

• Langtree, Stephen; Comyns, Alan, eds. (2001), 2000 Years of Building: Chester's Architectural Legacy, Chester: Chester Civic Trust, ISBN 0-9540152-0-7
• Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew; Hubbard, Edward; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2011) [1971], Cheshire, The Buildings of England, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-17043-6
• Hubbard, Edward (1986), Clwyd, The Buildings of Wales, London: Penguin, ISBN 0-14-071052-3
• Ward, Simon (2009), Chester: A History, Chichester: Phillimore, ISBN 978-1-86077-499-7