Khasa kingdom

For the legendary tribe, see Khasas (Mahabharata).

The Khasa kingdom, also known as the Khasa-Malla kingdom, was a kingdom established in present-day Nepal around 10th century. It was ruled by kings who bore the family name "Malla" (not to be confused with the later Malla dynasty of Kathmandu).[1] The Khasa Malla kings ruled western parts of Nepal during 11th-14th century.[2]

Some of the earliest Devanagari script examples are the 13th century records from the sites in the former Khasa kingdom. These archaeological sites are located in Jumla, Surkhet and Dailekh districts. Dullu was the capital of the Khasa kingdom.

History

An ancient tribe named Khasa is mentioned in several ancient legendary Indian texts, including the Mahabharata. The historical Khasa kingdom is different from the territory of this legendary tribe, although there have been some speculations about a connection between the two. The historical Khasas are mentioned in several Indian inscriptions dated between 8th and 13th centuries CE.[3]

Recorded evidence of 12-14th century shows that Khas kingdom came into power at end of 10th century. This Khasa kingdom is a different state than 'Khasa Kingdom' as maintained in Mahabharat.

Known rulers

Decline

After late 13th century the Khas empire collapsed and divided into Baise Rajya (22 principalities) in Karnali-Bheri region and 12 principalities in Gandak region (Among Chaubise rajyas- 24 principalities 12 were Khas and 12 were Magar Rajyas).

The 22 principalities were

Jumla , Doti , Jajarkot , Bajura , Gajur , Biskot , Malneta, Thalahara , Dailekh , Dullu , Duryal , Tulsipur -Dang , Salyan , Chilli , Phalawagh , Jehari , Darnar , Atbis , Gotam , Majal , Gurnakot and Rukum .

And the 24 principalities were

Gorkha , Lamjung , Tanahun , Kaski Nuwakot , Dhor , Satahun , Garahun , Rishing, Ghiring , Paiyun , Parbat , Galkot , Palpa , Gulmi ArghaKhanchi, Musikot , Isma , Dhurkot , Bajhang , Bhirkot, Pyuthan and Butwal.

References

  1. ↑ Surya Mani Adhikary (1997). The Khaśa kingdom: a trans-Himalayan empire of the middle age. Nirala. p. 37. ISBN 978-81-85693-50-7.
  2. ↑ Krishna P. Bhattarai (1 January 2009). Nepal. Infobase Publishing. p. 113. ISBN 978-1-4381-0523-9.
  3. ↑ Laxman S. Thakur (1990). K. K. Kusuman, ed. The Khasas An Early Indian Tribe. A Panorama of Indian Culture: Professor A. Sreedhara Menon Felicitation Volume. Mittal Publications. pp. 285–293. ISBN 978-81-7099-214-1.
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