Lakes in Norway

Djupvatnet in Stranda, Møre og Romsdal

View of Jølstravatn in Jølster, Sogn og Fjordane

There are at least 450,000 freshwater lakes in Norway. Most were created by glacial erosion.

Types of lakes

Randsfjorden's narrow shape and glacial "overdeepening" explains why it is named a fjord, even though it is not a saltwater inlet

Various Sami and Norwegian language terms distinguish different types of lake, and often feature in place names:

• Fjord: Although normally used to describe a saltwater inlet, in eastern Norway a long, narrow fresh water lake is also called a fjord (though this differs from the English use of the word: see fjord). Randsfjorden, mapped on the left, is the largest example of an inland fjord.
• Sjø: Although normally used to describe a sea, Sjø is also a large fresh-water lake that is not as narrow as a fjord. Examples include Vansjø in Østfold and Selbusjø in Sør-Trøndelag.
• Mjøs: The form mjøs is also used for larger lakes. Mjøsa itself is a large lake between the towns of Gjøvik, Lillehammer and Hamar. Other examples of the usage include Vangsmjøse in Vang, Oppland.
• Vatn: A vatn (or vann) is a small lake. You can walk around a vatn in a couple of hours. Sognsvann near Oslo is one example of such usage. Vatn might be used for large lakes further north, such as Altevatnet in Troms and Snåsavatnet in Nord-Trøndelag.
• Tjern: (from the old Norse tjarn and tjǫrn) is a small lake. It is also written tjenn, tjørn and tjønn. The English cognate is tarn.
• Combinations: Østensjøvannet is an interesting variation that concatenates sjø and vann. Møsvann in Vinje, Telemark combines mjøsa with vann.
• Jávrásj: (Lule Sami, spoken in Nordland) or Jávrrás (Northern Sami,^[1] more widespread): Where the place names of the Sami people are used, these are limited to very small lakes, or ponds. None are listed here.
• Jávrre: (Lule Sami) or jávri (Northern Sami):^[1] These refer to larger lakes. The largest lake in Norway predominantly known by its Sami name is Siiddašjávri, which lies partly in Nordland but mostly in Sweden. Vuolep Sårjåsjávrre, also straddling the Nordland-Sweden border, is the largest with the Lule Sam ending -jávrre.
• Luoppal: (North Sámi) is a narrow lake with one river running into it, one river running out from it. May be difficult to distinguish from a temporary widening of a river.

Largest lakes

Fewer than 400 of Norway's lakes have an area of more than 5 square kilometres (1.9 sq mi). The total collective area of these lakes is estimated at 17,100 square kilometres (6,600 sq mi) and the total volume at 1,200 cubic kilometres (290 cu mi).

The following list shows the top ten lakes in Norway in terms of surface area.^[2]

No.	Name	County	Area (km²)
1	Mjøsa	Akershus, Hedmark, Oppland	362
2	Røssvatnet	Nordland	218.61
3	Femund	Hedmark, Sør-Trøndelag	203.52
4	Randsfjorden	Oppland	139.23
5	Tyrifjorden	Buskerud	138.56
6	Snåsavatnet	Nord-Trøndelag	121.58
7	Tunnsjøen	Nord-Trøndelag	100.18
8	Limingen	Nord-Trøndelag	93.50
9	Øyeren	Akershus, Østfold	84.74
10	Møsvatn	Telemark	84.48

Deepest lakes

Europe's four deepest lakes are in Norway, namely Hornindalsvatnet, Salsvatnet, Lake Tinn and Mjøsa. The following list ranks the top ten lakes in Norway in terms of depth.^[2]

No.	Name	County	Depth (m)
1	Hornindalsvatnet	Sogn og Fjordane	514
2	Salsvatnet	Nord-Trøndelag	482^*
3	Lake Tinn	Telemark	460
4	Mjøsa	Akershus, Hedmark, Oppland	444
5	Fyresvatn	Telemark	377
6	Suldalsvatnet	Rogaland	376
7	Bandak	Telemark	325
8	Lundevatn	Vest-Agder, Rogaland	314
9	Storsjøen (in Rendalen)	Hedmark	309
10	Totak	Telemark	306

* Sources provide both 464 m & 482 m for the greatest depth.

See also

• Geography of Norway

References

1. Sami terms for lake taken from the glossary on P.94 of Laponia World Heritage Area, ed. J.L. Battle, printed Ågrens, Örnsköldsvik, 2001, ISSN 0283-9636. Available online from the county administration of Norrbotten, accessed 3 April 2006.
2. Taken from the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat) lake database for Norway.