Lead(II) sulfate

Lead(II) sulfate
Names
IUPAC name
lead(II) sulfate
Other names
Anglesite, fast white, milk white
Identifiers
7446-14-2 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChemSpider 19956579 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.362
PubChem 24008
Properties
PbSO4
Molar mass 303.26 g/mol
Appearance white solid
Density 6.29 g/cm3[1]
Melting point 1,087 °C (1,989 °F; 1,360 K) decomposes
0.0032 g/100 mL (15 °C)
0.00443 g/100 mL (20 °C)[2]
2.13 x 10−8 (20 °C)
Solubility insoluble in alcohol
1.877
Structure
orthorhombic, barite
Thermochemistry
103 J/degree mol
149 J·mol−1·K−1[3]
−920 kJ·mol−1[3]
Hazards
Repr. Cat. 1/3
Toxic (T)
Harmful (Xn)
Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases R61, R20/22, R33, R62, R50/53
S-phrases S53, S45, S60, S61
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
0
3
0
Flash point Non-flammable
0.15 mg/m3
Related compounds
Other anions
 Lead(II) chloride, Lead(II) bromide, Lead(II) iodide, Lead(II) fluoride
Other cations
 Tin(II) sulfate, Sodium sulfate, Copper(II) sulfate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Lead(II) sulfate (PbSO4) is a white solid, which appears white in microcrystalline form. It is also known as fast white, milk white, sulfuric acid lead salt or anglesite.

It is often seen in the plates/electrodes of car batteries, as it is formed when the battery is discharged (when the battery is recharged, then the lead sulfate is transformed back to metallic lead and sulfuric acid on the negative terminal or lead dioxide and sulfuric acid on the positive terminal). Lead sulfate is poorly soluble in water.

Manufacturing

Lead(II) sulfate is prepared by treating lead oxide, hydroxide or carbonate with warm sulfuric acid, or by treating a soluble lead salt with sulfuric acid.

Alternatively, it can be produced by the interaction of solutions of lead nitrate and sodium sulfate.

Toxicology

Lead sulfate is toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin contact. It is a cumulative poison, and repeated exposure may lead to anemia, kidney damage, eyesight damage or damage to the central nervous system (especially in children). It is also corrosive - contact with the eyes can lead to severe irritation or burns. Typical threshold limit value (above which the substance is harmful) is 0.15 mg/m3.

Mineral

The naturally occurring mineral anglesite, PbSO4, occurs as an oxidation product of primary lead sulfide ore, galena.

Basic and hydrogen lead sulfates

A number of lead basic sulfates are known: PbSO4·PbO; PbSO4·2PbO; PbSO4·3PbO; PbSO4·4PbO. They are used in manufacturing of active paste for lead acid batteries. A related mineral is leadhillite, 2PbCO3·PbSO4·Pb(OH)2.

At high concentration of sulfuric acid (>80%), lead hydrogensulfate, Pb(HSO4)2, forms.[4]

Chemical Properties

Lead(II) sulfate can be dissolved in concentrated HNO3, HCl, H2SO4 producing acidic salts or complex compounds, and in concentrated alkali giving soluble hexahydroxidoplumbate(II) [Pb(OH)6]2− complexes.

PbSO4(s) + H2SO4(conc.) → Pb(HSO4)2(aq)
PbSO4(s) + 4HCl(conc.) → H2PbCl4(aq) + H2SO4
PbSO4(s) + 4NaOH(conc.) → Na2[Pb(OH)6](aq) + Na2SO4(aq)

Lead(II) sulfate decomposes when heated above 1000 °C:

PbSO4(s) → PbO(s) + SO3(g)
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References

  1. ↑ "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics", 83rd Edition, CRC Press, 2002.
  2. ↑ NIST-data review 1980
  3. 1 2 Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles 6th Ed. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. A22. ISBN 0-618-94690-X.
  4. ↑ Министерство образования и науки РФ, Реферат "Свинец и его свойства", 2007, http://revolution.allbest.ru/chemistry/00011389_0.html
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