Liberal Party (Iceland)
Liberal Party Frjálslyndi flokkurinn | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Chairperson | Sigurjón Þórðarson |
| Vice-chairperson | Ásta Hafberg |
| Founded | November 28, 1998 |
| Dissolved | March 18, 2012 |
| Split from | Independence Party |
| Succeeded by | Dawn |
| Headquarters |
Lyngháls 3, 110 Reykjavík |
| Ideology |
|
| Political position | Centre-right[2] |
| Colours | Blue and White |
| Seats in the Althing |
0 / 63 |
The Liberal Party (Icelandic: Frjálslyndi flokkurinn) was a liberal political party in Iceland. Its main issue was fisheries policy and it drew its main support from coastal villages.[1] It has no seats in the Althing, having lost its four seats at the 2009 election.
The Liberal Party was founded by former Independence Party MP Sverrir Hermannsson in 1998. It was founded primarily in opposition to the fishing quota, and became a protest vote.[1] In the following year's election, the party won two seats out of 63. This climbed to four in 2003: a level that was maintained at the 2007 election. However, the party lost all its parliamentary representation in 2009, after a financial crisis hit the country.
The party was a strong supporter of the free market, against subsidies and monopolies, and in favour of civil liberties.[1] It was oriented particularly towards the fishing industry[3] and campaigns for the coastal electorate. It advocated the redistribution of fishing rights, as few big fishing companies had bought up around 70% of all quotas. While Reykjavíkan large-scale fisheries became rich, some coastal villages that were dependent on draught became impoverished.[1] The party chairman is Sigurjón Þórðarson, and he decided in March 2012 to merge his party together with the new political party named Dawn. For the moment it is however a bit unclear if the party function as a wing fraction within the new party, or if the structures have been completely merged. It is however clear, that the previous Liberal Party candidates now will run the 2013 Icelandic parliamentary election for the new Dawn party.[4][5]
History
The Liberal Party was founded by Sverrir Hermannsson, a former MP of the Independence Party and CEO of Landsbanki, in November 1998. Sverrir had been a member of Independence-led governments from 1983 to 1988 before he went into the private sector. He turned his back to the Independence Party in disappointment over their turn to neoliberal policies.[1]
In 2006/7, the minor New Force party merged into the Liberal Party, which caused the prominent Liberal Party member Margrét Sverrisdóttir to leave the party and join the Icelandic Movement - Living Land, threatening to split the Liberal Party.[6][7]
The party had, before the 2007 parliament elections, moved from being primarily focused on issues of fishing quotas and small fishing communities toward immigration. It was the only political party in Iceland that supports strict restrictions on immigration, and consequently the party was accused of xenophobia. The party conducted a members' poll in January 2009 in order to determine its EU stance. The outcome was against EU-accession of Iceland. The party supportes strict neutrality.
In February 2009, two of the Liberal Party's parliamentarians left the party; Jón Magnússon joined the Independence Party and Kristinn H. Gunnarsson joined the Progressive Party.
Ideology
Immigration
The Liberal Party of Iceland was against unrestricted immigration and wished to tighten these laws.
Foreign policy
The Liberal Party was against the idea of Iceland joining the European Union. The party's stance was decided in a party members' poll which was conducted in December 2008. The question was: Should Iceland seek EU-membership?. The results were published in January 2009 with 51.6% being against EU-accession, 34.8% in favour and 9.5% undecided.[8]
The party supports Iceland's membership of NATO, but was firmly opposed to the U.S. invasion and occupation of Iraq.
Election results
Parliament
| Election | Votes | Vote % | Seats | Place |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 6,919  |
4.2 |
2 / 63 |
5th |
| 2003 | 13,523  |
7.4 |
4 / 63 |
5th |
| 2007 | 13,233  |
7.3 |
4 / 63 |
5th |
| 2009 | 4,148 |
2.2 |
0 / 63 |
6th |
| 2013 | Did not participate. | |||
Leaders
Chairpersons
- Sverrir Hermannsson, 1998–2003
- Guðjón Arnar Kristjánsson, 2003–2010
- Sigurjón Þórðarson, 2010–2012
Vice-chairpersons
- Gunnar Ingi Gunnarsson, 1998–2003
- Magnús Þór Hafsteinsson, 2003–2009
- Ásgerður Flosadóttir 2009
- Kolbrún Stefánsdóttir, 2009–2010
- Ásta Hafberg, 2010–2012
See also
- Politics of Iceland
- Liberalism and centrism in Iceland
- Liberalism
- Liberal democracy
- Contributions to liberal theory
Footnotes
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Rubart, Frauke (2006). Das Parteiensystem Islands. Die Parteiensysteme Westeuropas (in German). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag. p. 254. ISBN 978-3-531-14111-4.
- 1 2 Bjarnason, Magnus (2010). The Political Economy of Joining the European Union: Iceland's Position at the Beginning of the 21st Century. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. p. 52. ISBN 9789056296421.
- ↑ Rademacher, A.K.; Bätz, C.; Hartmann, K. (2010). Iceland - An Overview: History, Economy, Culture, Educational System (in German). Munich: GRIN Verlag. p. 6. ISBN 9783640768462.
- ↑ "Liberals in talks with other political movements" (in Icelandic). Mbl.is. 3 January 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
- ↑ "Her name shall be Dawn" (in Icelandic). Rúv.is. 18 March 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
- ↑ http://www.icelandreview.com/icelandreview/daily_news/?cat_id=16567&ew_0_a_id=260125
- ↑ http://www.icelandreview.com/icelandreview/daily_news/?cat_id=16567&ew_0_a_id=260428
- ↑ "Liberal Party rejects EU-membership" (in Icelandic). 14 January 2009. Archived from the original on May 2, 2009. Retrieved 25 January 2009.