List of attacks on civilians attributed to Sri Lankan government forces
The following is a list of attacks on civilians attributed to armed groups under the control of the Sri Lankan government - Army, Navy, Air Force, Police and paramilitary groups (Home Guards/Civil Defence Force, EPDP, PLOTE, TMVP etc.). This list does not contain assassinations which are listed in a separate article.
The Sri Lankan Armed Forces which is almost exclusively made up of Sinhalese ethnicity [1] has engaged in several counts of violence against Tamils including numerous instances of civilian massacres, ethnic cleansing, pogroms, forced disappearances, sexual violence, destruction of property and assassination of Tamil civil leaders. [2]
Attacks in chronological order
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
See also
References
- ↑ Thangavelu, V. "At Manal Aru ( Weli Oya ) Sinhalese State Ethnically Cleansed Tamils". Nakkeran. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
- ↑ "Genocide Against Tamil People: Massacres, Pogroms, Destruction of Property, Sexual Violence and Assassinations of Civil Society Leaders" (PDF). People's Tribunal on Sri Lanka (PTSL). Retrieved 8 May 2015.
- ↑ Hughes, Dhana (2013). Violence, Torture and Memory in Sri Lanka: Life After Terror. Routledge. p. 8. ISBN 1135038155.
- ↑ Jayasinghe, Amal (3 September 2001). "Analysis: Sworn enemy turned ally". BBC News.
- ↑ Rampton, David (2013). ""Deeper Hegemony": The Politics of Sinhala Nationalist Authenticity and the Failures of Power-Sharing in Sri Lanka". In Woods, Eric Taylor; Schertzer, Robert S.; Kaufmann, Eric. Nationalism and Conflict Management. Routledge. pp. 111–117. ISBN 1135708525.
- ↑ Perera, Jehan (2001). "Approaches to Ending the Civil War in Sri Lanka: The Role of the State and Civil Society". In Colletta, Nat J.; Lim, Teck Ghee; Kelles-Viitanen, Anita. Social Cohesion and Conflict Prevention in Asia: Managing Diversity Through Development. World Bank Publications. p. 385. ISBN 0-8213-4874-4.
- ↑ "April 1971". Peace and Conflict Timeline.
- 1 2 Rajasingham, K. T. "Chapter 24: Tamil militancy - a manifestation". Sri Lanka: The Untold Story.
- ↑ Hoole, Rajan (2001). "Chapter 2: Antecedents of July 1983 and the Foundations of Impunity". Sri Lanka: the Arrogance of Power : Myths, Decadence and Murder. University Teachers for Human Rights. ISBN 955-9447-04-1.
- ↑ "35th anniversary of Tamil Conference victims held in Jaffna". TamilNet. 11 January 2009.
- ↑ Wilson, A. Jeyaratnam (1994). S.J.V.Chelvanayakam and the Crisis of Sri Lankan Tamil Nationalism, 1947-1977 (PDF). C. Hurst & Co. p. 112.
- ↑ "Asia Report N°134 - Sri Lanka's Muslims: Caught in the Crossfire" (PDF). International Crisis Group . 29 May 2007. p. 4.
- ↑ Jeyaraj, D. B. S. (20 September 2014). "Ashraff's mystique still lingers among Eastern Muslims". The Daily Mirror (Sri Lanka).
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Massacres of Tamils (1956-2008). Chennai: NESOHR/Manitham Publications. 2009. p. 15. ISBN 978-81-909737-0-0.
- ↑ "10 Die in Sri Lanka As Troops Fire at Crowd". New York Times. Associated Press. 29 March 1984.
- ↑ Rajasingham, K. T. "Chapter 30: Whirlpool of violence". Sri Lanka: The Untold Story.
- ↑ Satyendra, Nadesan (15 April 1984). "The Chunnakam Massacre". Tamil Nation.
- ↑ Sabaratnam, T. (28 May 2008). "The ignored side of Balraj story". The Bottom Line (Sri Lanka). Archived from the original on 30 May 2008.
- ↑ "Janaka Perera". LankaNewspapers.com. 7 October 2008.
- ↑ Rajasingham, K. T. "Chapter 31: Indira Gandhi - a casualty of terror". Sri Lanka: The Untold Story.
- 1 2 Sabaratnam, T. "Chapter 23: Manal Aru becomes Weli Oya". Pirapaharan: Volume Two. Ilankai Tamil Sangam.
- ↑ "Report No. 1 - Chapter 2". University Teachers for Human Rights. January 1989.
- ↑ "Mannar human rights activist Fr Mary Bastian remembered". TamilNet. 6 January 2004.
- 1 2 Brown, Cynthia, ed. (1995). Playing the "Communal Card": Communal Violence and Human Rights. Human rights Watch. ISBN 1-56432-152-5.
- ↑ Marks, Thomas (1996). Maoist Insurgency Since Vietnam. Routledge. p. 197. ISBN 0-7146-4606-7.
- ↑ "Soldiers in Sri Lanka Are Reported to Kill 85". New York Times. Associated Press. 6 December 1984.
- ↑ "Special Report No. 26 - Can the East be won through Human Culling?". University Teachers for Human Rights. 3 August 2007.
- ↑ "Report No. 2 - Chapter 4". University Teachers for Human Rights. March 1989.
- ↑ Hoole, Rajan (2001). Sri Lanka: the Arrogance of Power : Myths, Decadence and Murder. University Teachers for Human Rights. p. 214. ISBN 955-9447-04-1.
- ↑ Rajasingham, K. T. "Chapter 32: Limbo between war and peace". Sri Lanka: The Untold Story.
- ↑ Somasundaram, Daya (1998). Scarred Minds: The Psychological Impact of War on Sri Lankan Tamils. Sage Publications. p. 310. ISBN 0-7619-9267-7.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "ASA 37/015/1994 Sri Lanka: When will justice be done?" (PDF). Amnesty International. 30 June 1994.
- ↑ "Information Bulletin No.10 - Trincomalee District in February 1996: Focusing on the Killiveddy Massacre". University Teachers for Human Rights. 2 March 1996.
- ↑ Frerks, George; Klem, Bart (2004). Dealing with diversity: Sri Lankan Discourses on Peace and Conflict. Netherlands Institute of International Relations. p. 118. ISBN 90-5031-091-5.
- ↑ Hawksley, Humphrey (22 February 1986). "Massacre in Akkaraipattu". The Guardian/Tamil Nation.
- ↑ IDSA News Review on South Asia/Indian Ocean. Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses. 1985. p. 363.
- ↑ Hughes, Dhana (2013). Violence, Torture and Memory in Sri Lanka: Life After Terror. Routledge. p. 13. ISBN 1135038155.
- ↑ "World Report 1990: Sri Lanka - Human Rights Developments". Human Rights Watch.
- ↑ Juergensmeyer, Mark (2008). Global Rebellion: Religious Challenges to the Secular State, from Christian Militias to al Qaeda. University of California Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-0-520-25554-8.
- ↑ Whitaker, Mark (2006). "Internet Counter Counter-Insurgency: TamilNet.com and Ethnic Conflict in Sri Lanka". In Landzelius, Kyra. Native on the Net: Indigenous and Diasporic Peoples in the Virtual Age. Routledge. p. 261. ISBN 978-1-134-50180-9.
- ↑ Trawick, Margaret (2003). "Killing and Healing Revisited: On Cultural Difference, Warfare and Sacrifice". In Nichter, Mark; Lock, Margaret. New Horizons in Medical Anthropology: Essays in Honour of Charles Leslie. Routledge. p. 287. ISBN 0-203-39851-3.
- ↑ Hyndman, Patricia; Guthrie, Jeannine (May 1992). Human Rights Accountability in Sri Lanka. Human Rights Watch. p. 7. ISBN 1-56432-072-3.
- ↑ Rajasingham, K. T. "Chapter 33: India shows its hand". Sri Lanka: The Untold Story.
- 1 2 McConnell, D. (2008). "The Tamil people's right to self-determination" (PDF). Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 21 (1): 59–76. doi:10.1080/09557570701828592. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
- 1 2 "Report No. 8: The Debasement of Law and of Humanity and the Drift Towards Total War - Chapter 3: The Kokkadichcholai Massacre & After". University Teachers for Human Rights. 28 August 1991.
- ↑ Gharavi, Hamid (1 May 1998). "Arbitration under Bilateral Investment Treaties, American Arbitration Association's A.D.R.J. and Mealey's Int. Arb. Report, May 1998". Salans. Archived from the original on 24 October 2007. Retrieved 19 July 2007.
- ↑ McGowan, William (1992). Only Man Is Vile: The Tragedy of Sri Lanka. Farrar Straus & Giroux. pp. 243–244. ISBN 0-374-22652-0.
- ↑ "ASA 37/020/1990 Sri Lanka Briefing: A human rights crisis" (PDF). Amnesty International. 1 September 1990. p. 5.
- ↑ Rajasingham, K. T. "Chapter 45: War continues with brutality". Sri Lanka: The Untold Story.
- ↑ "Report No. 7: The Clash of Ideologies and the Continuing Tragedy in the Batticaloa and Amparai Districts - Chapter 2: Reports". University Teachers for Human Rights. 8 May 1991.
- ↑ "Report No. 5: August: A Bloody Stalemate - Chapter 9: The East : Looking Back". University Teachers for Human Rights. 10 September 1990.
- ↑ "Briefing No. 1 - Human rights and The Issues of War and Peace". University Teachers for Human Rights. August 1992.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "ASA 37/014/1991 Sri Lanka: The Northeast: Human rights violations in a context of armed conflict" (PDF). Amnesty International. 31 August 1991.
- ↑ "Report No. 7: The Clash of Ideologies and the Continuing Tragedy in the Batticaloa and Amparai Districts - Chapter 4: The Refugee Camp at the Eastern University, Vantharumoolai". University Teachers for Human Rights. 8 May 1991.
- 1 2 "World Report 2002 - Events of 2001 : Sri Lanka". Human Rights Watch.
- ↑ Hoole, Rajan (2001). Sri Lanka: the Arrogance of Power : Myths, Decadence and Murder. University Teachers for Human Rights. pp. 378–397. ISBN 955-9447-04-1.
- ↑ McDermott, Rachel Fell, ed. (2008). Encountering Kali: In the Margins, at the Center, in the West. University of California Press. p. 121. ISBN 0-520-23240-2.
- ↑ "Report No. 8: The Debasement of Law and of Humanity and the Drift Towards Total War - Chapter 2: Batticaloa and Amparai Districts". University Teachers for Human Rights. 28 August 1991.
- ↑ Caron, Cynthia (15 March 2003). "Floundering Peace Process: Need to Widen Participation". Economic and Political Weekly. 38 (11): 1029–1031. Retrieved 26 January 2009.
- ↑ Lawrence, Patricia (2001). The Ocean of Stories ; Children's Imagination, Creativity, and Reconciliation in Eastern Sri Lanka. International Centre for Ethnic Studies. p. 40. ISBN 955-580-076-6.
- ↑ "Sri Lankan Tamil rebels commemorate civilian killings in eastern town". Xinhua News Agency. Retrieved 10 July 2007.
- ↑ "ASA 37/001/1992 Sri Lanka: Summary of human rights concerns during 1991" (PDF). Amnesty International. 1 January 1992.
- ↑ "The Tamil people's right to self-determination" (PDF). Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 1 March 2008. Retrieved 18 January 2009.
- ↑ Disappearances and political crisis: Human Rights crisis of 1990s, A manual for action. Amnesty International. 1994. pp. 16–22. ISBN 90-6463-095-X.
- ↑ Jayawardena, Kishali Pinto (19 July 1998). "Recognizing some valuable lessons: The Krishanthi case in retrospect". The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka).
- ↑ "ASA 37/010/1992 Sri Lanka: Deliberate killings of Muslim and Tamil villagers in Polonnaruwa" (PDF). Amnesty International. 31 May 1992.
- ↑ "Report No. 11: Land, Human rights & The Eastern Predicament - Chapter 7: Massacres In The Polonnaruwa District". University Teachers for Human Rights. 15 April 1993.
- ↑ "Soldiers acquitted in Sri Lanka". BBC News. 26 November 2002.
- ↑ "Jury finds Mylanthanai massacre accused not guilty". Sri Lanka Monitor. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012.
- ↑ "Special Report No. 16 - Child Conscription and Peace: A Tragedy of Contradictions". University Teachers for Human Rights. 18 March 2003.
- ↑ "ASA 37/001/1993 Sri Lanka: An assessment of the human rights situation" (PDF). Amnesty International. 1 February 1993.
- ↑ "Report No. 10: Rays of Hope Amidst Deepening Gloom - Chapter 0: Special Feature : Massacre in the Jaffna Lagoon". University Teachers for Human Rights. 15 January 1993.
- ↑ Fernando, Shamindra (5 January 1993). "Navy demolishes Tiger boats". The Island (Sri Lanka).
- ↑ Olsen, Bendigt (1994). Human Rights in Developing Countries - Yearbook. Springer. p. 368. ISBN 90-6544-845-4.
- ↑ Rajasingham, K. T. "Chapter 53: The Kilaly massacre". Sri Lanka: The Untold Story.
- 1 2 "Special Report No. 5 - From Manal Aru To Weli Oya and The spirit of July 1983". University Teachers for Human Rights. 15 September 1993.
- ↑ "ASA 37/010/1995 Sri Lanka: Reports of extrajudicial executions during May 1995" (PDF). Amnesty International. 31 May 1995.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka: Stop Killings of Civilians". Human Rights Watch. July 1995.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka Human Rights Practices, 1995". United States Department of State/University of Illinois at Chicago. March 1996.
- ↑ Somasundaram, D. (1997). "Abandoning jaffna hospital: Ethical and moral dilemmas". Medicine, Conflict and Survival . 13 (4): 333–347. doi:10.1080/13623699708409357.
- ↑ "World Report 1996: Sri Lanka". Human Rights Watch.
- ↑ "Navy assault on fishermen". Sri Lanka Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 June 2003.
- ↑ "Srilanka : Civilian well being in a time of war : A lost hope?". University Teachers for Human Rights. 10 October 1995.
- ↑ "Amnesty International report".
- ↑ "Report on Kumarapuram massacre".
- ↑ "probe Trincomalee massacre".
- ↑ "HRW Report".
- ↑ "Kumarapuram village".
- ↑ "Amnesty International Report". Amnesty International.org. Retrieved 2006-01-06.
- ↑ "Tampalakamam accused shot dead". Tamilnet.com. Retrieved 2006-01-06.
- 1 2 "Amnesty International Report". Amnesty International.org. Retrieved 2007-02-28.
- ↑ Sri Lanka: Air Force bombing at Puthukkudiyiruppu -- Amnesty International's concerns, Amnesty International, 16 September 1999
- 1 2 3 MSF urges respect for the safety of civilians caught in Sri Lanka fighting, Médecins Sans Frontières, 16 May 2000
- 1 2 "Mirusuvil massacre case". BBC.com. 2007-05-09.
- ↑ "Child soldiers:Understanding the context" (PDF). BMJ.com. 2007-05-06.
- ↑ "Mirusuvil mass graves". British Refugee Council: Sri Lanka Monitor. 2007-05-09.
- ↑ "Activities of Center for Human Rights Development". chrdsrilanka.org. 2007-05-09.
- ↑ Unfinished Business of the Five Students and ACF Cases– A Time to call the Bluff
- 1 2 "Is the State complacent?". The Nation. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-30.
- ↑ "'Murder of five Tamil youths highlights need to end impunity' – Govt must protect witnesses to Trinco killings – HRW". Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 2007-01-30.
- ↑ "Tamil journalist gunned down in Trincomalee after covering paramilitary abuses". Reporters Without Borders. Retrieved 2007-01-31.
- ↑ Sri Lanka: Amnesty International condemns killings of civilians, Amnesty International Canada, 16 May 2006
- ↑ The Choice between Anarchy and International Law with Monitoring, University Teachers for Human Rights (Jaffna) Special Report No. 23, 7 November 2006
- ↑ Sri Lanka villagers flee massacre, BBC News, 20 May 2006
- ↑ "10 civilians killed, in SLA pressure mine attack". TamilNet. Retrieved 2016-06-13.
- ↑ "SLA soldiers massacre family of four in Vankalai, Mannar". TamilNet. Retrieved 2016-06-13.
- ↑ Probe on Pesalai church attack - Acting on local and international reports , LankaNewspapers.com, 24 June 2006
- ↑ Sri Lankan forces 'target church', BBC News, 18 June 2006
- ↑ Catholic church attacked; bishop accuses navy, National Catholic Reporter, 20 June 2006
- ↑ "15 NGO workers killed". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 8 August 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-30.
- ↑ Huggler, Justin (2006-08-31). "Europe accuses Sri Lankan army of assassinating aid workers". The Independent, UK. London. Retrieved 2007-01-30.
- ↑ The Killing Match, Amnesty International Magazine, Winter 2006
- ↑ From Welikade to Mutur and Pottuvil: A Generation of Moral Denudation and the Rise of Heroes with Feet of Clay, University Teachers for Human Rights (Jaffna) Special Report No. 25, 31 May 2007
- ↑ Sri Lanka church shelled in gov’t attack on rebels, Catholic Online, 14 August 2006
- ↑ Hell in the north: church and children's home destroyed, AsiaNews.it, 14 August 2006
- ↑ "61 girls killed in airstrike, 8 dead in Colombo blast (2nd Roundup)". Monsters and Critics. 14 August 2006.
- ↑ Huggler, Justin (2006-08-16). "Sri Lankan army warns children can be targets". The Independent. London. Retrieved 2010-05-08.
- ↑ "Dispute over Sri Lanka air raids". BBC News. 2006-08-15. Retrieved 2010-05-08.
- ↑ Sri Lankan schoolgirls killed
- ↑ "Lanka army 'kills 45 civilians'". BBC. 2006-11-08. Retrieved 2009-01-18.
- ↑ Sri Lanka to open road to Jaffna, BBC News, 20 November 2006
- ↑ Soldier, PC arrested in Thandikulam killing , Daily News, 27 November 2006
- ↑ Sri Lanka Troops Kill 5 Youths, Monitors Say, New York Times, 20 November 2006
- ↑ Sri Lanka raid 'kills civilians', BBC News, 2 January 2007
- ↑ War of words and figures as press gets less access to the field, Reporters Sans Frontiers, 5 January 2007
- ↑ http://www.tamilnet.com/art.html?catid=13&artid=25734
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Sri Lanka: Repeated Shelling of Hospitals Evidence of War Crimes". Human Rights Watch. 8 May 2010.
- 1 2 3 4 "Asia Report N°191 - WAR CRIMES IN SRI LANKA". International Crisis Group. 17 May 2010.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka: ICRC maintains support for hospital hit by shelling". International Committee of the Red Cross. 2 February 2009.
- 1 2 "Report to Congress on Incidents During the Recent Conflict in Sri Lanka" (PDF). Department of State. 22 October 2009.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka: ICRC evacuates over 240 wounded and sick from the Vanni by sea". International Committee of the Red Cross. 10 February 2009.
- ↑ Chamberlain, Gethin (9 April 2010). "Sri Lankan hospital shelled in Tamil no-fire zone". The Guardian. London.
- ↑ "Hospital 'hit by Sri Lankan army'". BBC News. 2 May 2009.
- ↑ Paton Walsh, Nick (2 May 2009). "'Sri Lankan army hits hospital'". Channel 4 News.
- ↑ "'64 civilians killed in Sri Lanka hospital attack'". Daily Telegraph. London. 2 May 2009.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka war zone hospital 'hit'". BBC News. 12 May 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
- ↑ "Doctor says 49 killed in Sri Lanka hospital attack". London: The Guardian. 12 May 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
- ↑ "49 patients killed as shell hits Lanka hospital". The Times of India. 12 May 2009. Archived from the original on May 22, 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka's prison clash 'a massacre'". BBC News. 1 November 2012.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka Opposition Says 27 Prisoners Died in a 'Massacre'". Associated Press/The New York Times. 11 November 2012.
- ↑ Srinivasan, Meera (5 August 2013). "Three killed as Sri Lankan Army clamps down on protesters". The Hindu.
- ↑ "Sri Lanka: Investigate 'Clean Water' Protest Deaths". Human Rights Watch. 9 August 2013.
- ↑ Kannangara, Nirmala (11 August 2013). "The Cry For Water At Weliweriya". The Sunday Leader.
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