List of megamouth shark specimens and sightings
This list of megamouth shark specimens and sightings is a comprehensive listing of all recorded human encounters with Megachasma pelagios, popularly known as the megamouth shark.
List of megamouth sharks
Records are listed chronologically in ascending order and numbered accordingly.
- Date – Date on which the specimen was first captured, found, or observed.
- Location – Area where the specimen was found.
- Sex – Sex and sexual maturity of the specimen.
- Size – Data relating to measurements. Abbreviations used are based on standardised acronyms in ichthyology (see Measurements).
- Method of capture – Circumstances in which the specimen was recovered or observed.
- Disposition – Repository or otherwise fate of the specimen.
- References – Primary sources for each specimen as well as later publications that refer to the specimen.
- Notes – Miscellaneous information.
# | Date | Location | Sex | Size | Method of capture | Disposition | References | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 15 November 1976 | 25 miles (40 km) off Kāne'ohe, Oahu, Hawaii (21°51′N 157°46′W / 21.850°N 157.767°W) | Male | TL: 4.46 m; PCL: 3.091 m (69.3% TL); WT: 750 kg | Became entangled in the sea anchor of a United States Navy ship | Deposited at the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum | Dunford (1976); Taylor (1977); Cressey & Boyle (1978); Johnson (1978); Taylor et al. (1983); [Anonymous] (1983a, b, c, d, e, f); Maisey (1985); Wood (1986); Gallagher (N.d.) | Holotype and first recorded specimen. First examined by Leighton Taylor, who dubbed it "megamouth". |
2 | 29 November 1984 | Catalina Island, California | Male | TL: 4.49 m | "Caught" | Deposited at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County | [Anonymous] (1984a, b); Lavenberg & Seigel (1985); Diamond (1985); Maisey (1985); Wood (1986) | |
3 | 18 August 1988 | Mandurah, Western Australia | Male | TL: 5.15 m; PCL: 3.43 m (66.6% TL) | Found washed ashore | Deposited at Western Australian Museum | Berra & Hutchins (1988); [Anonymous] (1988a, b); Nielsen (1988); Berra & Hutchins (1990); Berra & Hutchins (1991) | |
4 | 23 January 1989 | Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan | Male | TL: 4+ m | Found washed ashore | Discarded | Nakaya (1989a); Nakaya (1989b) | |
5 | June 1989 | Yaizu, Shizuoka, Japan | Female? | TL: ~4.9 m | Caught in net | Released alive | Miya et al. (1992); Mollet (2012) | Most likely a female according to John Morrissey. |
6 | 21 October 1990 | Dana Point, California | Male | TL: 4.94 m | Found entangled in a drift gillnet | Tracked | Haight (1990a); Haight (1990b); [Anonymous] (1990a, b, c, d); [Anonymous] (1991a, b); Lavenberg (1991); Nelson et al. (1997) | Specimen was taken alive, then fitted with two ultrasonic transmitters and tracked for two days. The shark was observed to move close to the surface at night and deeper during the day. |
7 | 29 November 1994 | Hakata Bay, Fukuoka, Japan (34°40′N 130°50′E / 34.667°N 130.833°E) | Immature female | TL: 4.71 m; PCL: 3.136 m (66.6% TL) | "Stranded" | Deposited at Marine World Uminonakamichi (Fukuoka, Japan) | Castro (1994); Takada (1994); Takada (1995); Clark & Castro (1995); Castro et al. (1997); Nakaya et al. (1997); Takada et al. (1997); Tanaka & Yano (1997); Yabumoto et al. (1997); Yamaguchi & Nakaya (1997); Yano et al. (1997a); Yano et al. (1997b); Yano et al. (1997c); Goto (1999) | First confirmed female; much studied. Numerous papers on this specimen were published in Biology of the Megamouth Shark (1997). |
8 | 4 May 1995 | 40 miles (64 km) off Dakar, Senegal (15°08′N 18°22′W / 15.133°N 18.367°W) | Immature male | TL: ~1.8 m | Caught in purse seine of French tuna fishing ship | Discarded | Séret (1995) | First recorded specimen from the Atlantic Ocean and smallest known specimen at the time. |
9 | 18 September 1995 | southern Brazil | Immature male | TL: 1.9 m; WT: 24.4 kg | Caught by commercial longline vessel | Deposited at Instituto de Pesca in São Paulo, Brazil | Castro & Gadig (1995); Amorim et al. (1995); Amorim et al. (2000) | |
10 | 30 April 1997 | 12 miles (19 km) south of Mikizaki, Owase, Mie, Japan (33°44′N 136°16′E / 33.733°N 136.267°E) at 150 m depth | Female | TL: 5.44 m; WT: 1,040 kg | Caught by fishermen | Deposited at Toba Aquarium | Yano et al. (1997d); Ito et al. (1999) | External brain form and cranial nerves studied in detail. |
11 | 20 February 1998 | Macajalar Bay, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines | Male | TL: ~5.49 m | Caught by three fishermen | Consumed | Baldo & Elizaga (1998); Elizaga (1998a); Elizaga (1998b); Reyes (1998); Morrissey & Elizaga (1999); Amorim et al. (2000) | |
12 | 23 April 1998 | Atawa, Mie, Japan | Female | TL: 5.2–5.49 m | "Captured" | Discarded | Yano et al. (1998); Amorim et al. (2000); Burgess (N.d.) | |
13 | 30 August 1998 | Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia (1°46′0″N 124°50′3″E / 1.76667°N 124.83417°E) | Female? | TL: ~5 m | Observed being attacked by Sperm Whales | Swam away | Pecchioni & Benoldi (1999); Amorim et al. (2000) | |
14 | 1 October 1999 | 30 miles (48 km) west of San Diego, California | Female | TL: ~17 ft (5.2 m) | Caught in a drift gillnet | Released alive in good condition | Petersen (1999) | Four colour photographs taken. Water temperature was 67.2 °F (19.56 °C). |
15 | 19 October 2001 | 42 miles (68 km) northwest of San Diego, California | Male | TL: ~18 ft (5.5 m) | Caught in a drift gillnet | Released alive in good condition | Petersen (2001) | Tissue biopsy collected. Water temperature was 65.8 °F (18.78 °C). |
16 | 18 January 2002 | eastern Indian Ocean (2°17.9′S 88°12.7′E / 2.2983°S 88.2117°E) at 150 m depth | Immature male | TL: 2.35 m; WT(estimate): >120 kg | Caught in tuna purse seine | Discarded | Boonyapiwat & Vidthayanon (2002) | Caught by M/V Seafdec. Sea surface temperature was 26.8 °C. |
17 | 20 April 2002 | Nature's Valley near Plettenberg Bay, approximately 400 km east of Cape Town, South Africa (33°59′S 23°34′E / 33.983°S 23.567°E) | Female | TL: 3.5 m; WT: 300 kg | Found washed ashore | Deposited at Port Elizabeth Museum | [Anonymous] (2002); Sanchez (2002); Smale (2002); Smale et al. (2002) | Collected from the beach by Vic Cockcroft of the Centre for Dolphin Studies. Tissue samples taken. Specimen was examined, measured and dissected by Malcolm Smale and Leonard Compagno. Mould of the animal was used for educational displays. |
18 | 6 January 2003 | Tablon, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines | ? | TL: 4.97 m; BD: 1.01 m | Caught by fisherman | Consumed | Yasay (2003) | Caught by fisherman Eldiposo Pabaida. Personnel of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources 10 (BFAR 10) measured the specimen and took several photographs. |
19 | 26 May 2003 | Dana Point, California | ? | TL(estimate): 20–25 ft (6–7.6 m); WT(estimate): 5 tons | Sighted at sea | Released | Robbins (2003) | Sighted by Scott Caldwell from the Leslie Anne. A rope was temporarily tied around the animal's tail, preventing escape. No photographs taken; unconfirmed sighting. |
20 | 3 July 2003 | 800 m off Ki-Lei-Bi, Hualien County, Taiwan | Male | TL: ~2.5 m; WT: 490 kg | Caught in net | Consumed | Mollet (2004) | Caught by fisherman Li. Specimen bought by local seafood store. Stomach was found to be empty. |
21 | 7 August 2003 | Omaezaki, Shizuoka, Japan | Male | TL: 4.3 m | ? | Deposited at Tokai University | Furuta (2003); Burgess (N.d.) | Prepared for display by taxidermist. |
22 | 8 March 2004 | 41.6 nautical miles (77.0 km) off Posorja Port, Guayas, Ecuador (2°54.374′S 81°14.858′W / 2.906233°S 81.247633°W) | Male | TL: 4.2 m; WT: ~600 kg | Caught in trammel net | Sent to market | Romero & Cruz (2004) | Caught by small fishing vessel that was unable to bring it aboard. Assisted by the Ecuadorian tuna fish ship Betty Elizabeth. Animal was alive at time of capture and regurgitated food consisting mainly of Engraulis ringens. Surface temperature of the sea was 23.6 °C. |
23 | 13 March 2004 | Gapang Beach, northern tip of Sumatra | Immature male | TL: 1.767 m; WT: 13.82 kg | Found washed ashore | Deposited at Cibinong Museum | Lumba Lumba Dive Centre (2004); White et al. (2004) | Smallest recorded specimen. On public display. |
24 | 19 April 2004 | Ichihara, Tokyo Bay, Japan | Female | TL: 5.63 m; WT: 2,679 lb (1,215 kg) | Found washed ashore | Taxidermy specimen displayed at the Natural History Museum and Institute | Osedo (2004) | Survived several days before dying from stress. Identified by Masaki Miya, curator of fishes at the National History Museum and Institute in Chiba. |
25 | 23 April 2004 | off Ajiro, Shizuoka, Japan | Female | TL: ~4.9 m | Caught by fishermen | Discarded | Furuta (2004) | Japanese newspaper article mentions total length of 5.5-5.6 m and weight of "1", implying over 1 ton. |
26 | 4 November 2004 | Barangay Namocon, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines | Female | TL: 5.04 m; WT: ~1 ton | Stranded on beach | Preserved in tank at SEAFDEC Museum | [Anonymous] (2004); Bagarinao (2004) | Stranded alive at around 5 pm and died at around 10 pm. Removed from the beach by 16 fishermen. Preserved in 10% formalin in a 1-ton fiberglass tank. |
27 | 23 January 2005 | off Kisei cho Nishiki, Mie, Japan, at 200 m depth | Female | TL: 5.28 m | Caught in purse seine | Deposited at Toba Aquarium | Furuta (2005) | Prepared by taxidermist for display at the aquarium. |
28 | 30 January 2005 | Macajalar Bay, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines | Female? | TL: 4.17 m; WT: ~1000 kg | Caught in net | Buried | Elizaga (2005a); Elizaga (2005b); Lumingkit et al. (2005); Ellorin (2005) | Caught by fisherman Sofronio Casañares. It pulled Casañares's paddle-driven banca for around an hour before stopping, apparently due to exhaustion. Specimen was dissected prior to burial. |
29 | ~25 April 2005 | Hualien Port, Hualien County, Taiwan | ? | WT: 580 kg | Caught by ocean sunfish driftnetters | Sold at market for human consumption | Wang & Yang (2005a) | Described by fishermen as "big mouthed shark with no teeth". |
30 | 2 May 2005 | Hualien Port, Hualien County, Taiwan | ? | WT: 580 kg | Caught by ocean sunfish driftnetters | Sold at market for human consumption | Wang & Yang (2005b) | Described by fishermen as "big mouthed shark with no teeth". |
31 | 4 May 2005 | Hualien Port, Hualien County, Taiwan | Female | TL: 7.09 m?; WT: 689 kg | Caught by ocean sunfish driftnetter | Dissected at Taipei Zoo/Academia Sinica | Wang & Yang (2005c) | Presumed to be pregnant based on swollen belly. Measured by Shih-Chu Yang. One ectoparasite collected from specimen. |
32 | 5 May 2005 | off Hualien County, Taiwan | Female | WT: 807 kg | Caught by fishermen | Dissected at Taipei Zoo | Wang & Yang (2005d) | Likely to have been pregnant. Sold directly to Kwung-Tsao Shao of the Academia Sinica. |
33 | 5 June 2005 | off Hualien County, Taiwan | ? | WT: 400–500 kg | Caught by fishermen | ? | Lin (2005) | Fifth megamouth shark caught in the area within two and a half months. |
34 | 26 January 2006 | 4 km off Bayawan City, Negros Oriental, Philippines | Female | TL: 5 m; WT(estimate): 1 ton/750 kg | Accidentally caught in fishing net | Buried | [Anonymous] (2006); Sala (2006) | Towed by pumpboat of the Bayawan City government to the city's boulevard, but died before it could be released. Very small shrimp found in stomach. |
35 | 12 March 2006 | Barra, Macabalan, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines | Female | TL: 7 ft 5 in (2.26 m); WT: 60–80 kg | Accidentally caught in gillnet | ? | Cabig (2006) | Identified by Edward B. Yasay. Animal died before Yasay could study it. |
36 | 23 March 2006 | "China Sea" | ? | TL: 4.7 m; WT: 650 kg | Caught by fishermen | ? | Lin (2006) | Photograph taken. |
37 | 2 May 2006 | Sagami Bay, Yugawara, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan | Female | TL: 5.7 m | Found alive in a fixed shore net | Dissected and exhibited at the Aburatsubo Marine Park in Kanagawa | Burgess (2006); Mollet (2012) | Could not be initially landed due to adverse wind conditions. Animal was filmed on third day and died soon afterwards. |
38 | 16 November 2006 | Tortugas Bay, Baja California, Mexico | Immature female | TL: 2.149 m; WT: 27 kg | Accidentally caught by commercial shark boat | On display at the Regional Fisheries Center of Ensenada | Castillo-Géniz (2006) | Accidentally caught by crew of the commercial shark boat F/V Corina del Mar. Examined on November 28 by team of technicians and students led by José Leonardo Castillo-Géniz. Samples taken of stomach contents, teeth, and dermal denticles. |
39 | 29 May 2007 | Barangay Tungkop, Minglanilla, Cebu, Philippines | ? | TL: 8.2 ft (2.5 m); WT: ~40–50 kg | Found wounded near shore | ? | Parco (2007a); Parco (2007b) | Found alive with head wound; died after several hours. |
40 | June 2007 | Sagami Bay, Japan | Female | TL: 5.4 m | Caught in net | Released alive | Mollet (2012) | Photographed, filmed and tagged prior to release. |
41 | 9 July 2007 | 700 km east of Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan | Female | TL: 3.6–4 m; WT: 360–450 kg | Caught in purse seine | Deposited at Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium | [Anonymous] (2007); Lin (2007); [Anonymous] (2011a, b, c) | Brought to Ishinomaki port and fish market in Miyagi Prefecture. Frozen and transferred to Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium. Dissected at Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium between March 1–3, 2011, in preparation for plastination. During dissection, internal organs were removed, vertebrae sampled for age determination, and head subjected to a CT scan. |
42 | 27 September 2007 | Hinunangan, Philippines | ? | TL: 2.74 m | Found dead on beach | ? | Tajonera (2009a) | Weight unknown. Photographed by Marlou Pan. |
43 | around 30 June 2008 | off Taiwan | ? | WT: 200+ kg | "Captured" | ? | Mollet (2012); Burgess (N.d.) | Reported by Victor Lin. No photograph and no length or sex data available. |
44 | 10 July 2008 | off eastern Taiwan | Female? | TL(estimate): ~5–5.5 m; WT: 870 kg | "Caught" | ? | Mollet (2012); Burgess (N.d.) | Claimed to be 9 m long in media reports. |
45 | 5 September 2008 | Hinunangan, Philippines | ? | TL: 2.13 m | Found stranded alive | Pushed back into water, presumably swam away | Tajonera (2009b) | No photographs taken. Identified by AT-Fisheries. |
46 | 30 March 2009 | off eastern coast of Burias Island, Philippines, at ~200 m depth | Male | TL: 4 m; WT: ~400–500 kg | Caught in gillnet by fishermen targeting Rastrelliger kanagurta and Auxis rochei | Consumed | Aca (2009); Dell'Amore (2009) | Died during capture. Tied up and towed to Barangay Dancalan, Donsol, Sorsogon. Identified by Elson Aca of WWF. Cuts found near left side of mouth. Several shrimp larvae found in stomach. |
47 | 9 June 2009 | off eastern Taiwan | Female? | TL: 3.90 m; WT: 350 kg | Caught by fishermen from Taitung County | Preserved at local shark museum | Lin (2009) | Bought by local shark museum to be mounted for display. |
48 | 9 July 2009 | Praia Grande, Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Male | TL: 5.39 m | Found dead on beach | Partially consumed by locals | Lima et al. (2009); Gomes & Buttigieg (2009); Mollet (2012) | Appeared to have died of natural causes. Autopsy revealed empty stomach. |
49 | 6 November 2009 | 18 miles (29 km) southwest of Benitos Islands, Mexico | ? | TL: 2 m | Caught in fishing net | ? | Camacho (2009) | Caught by Ensenada fishermen on vessel Famtasma del Mar, captained by Eden Ruvicel. |
50 | 25 April 2010 | Taiwan Strait, off southeastern China | Male | TL(estimate): ≥4 m; WT(estimate): >1000 kg; WT(skin): 100–200 kg | "Caught" | Flesh cut into chunks and sold at market for consumption; skin and jaw saved; to be donated to educational facility | Lin (2010a) | Photographs taken of skinned specimen only. |
51 | 19 June 2010 | off eastern Taiwan | ? | WT(estimate): ~770 kg | "Caught" | Flesh sold at market for consumption; jaw saved | Lin (2010b); Mollet (2012) | Purchased by fish dealer in northeastern Taiwan "in poor condition, described as tattered and broken or perhaps even cut open". Photographs taken of jaw and flesh chunks only. |
52 | 12 June 2011 | Bahía de Vizcaíno, off western Baja California peninsula, Mexico | Immature male | TL: 3 m | "Caught" | ? | Falcón (2011) | Sent to Ensenada, Mexico, to be sliced into pieces, examined, and photographed. Gill and muscle structure studied by researchers from Mexico and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Captured by same vessel that caught specimen #38. |
53 | 1 July 2011 | Sagami Bay, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan | Female | TL: ~3 m | ? | Deposited at Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History | Mollet (2012); Burgess (N.d.) | Information and photographs provided by Alex Buttigieg (Mollet, 2012). |
54 | January 2012 | "Sea of China" | ? | TL: 5.65–5.70 m; WT: 1150–1250 kg | ? | ? | Mollet (2012) | Information and photographs provided by Victor Lin (Mollet, 2012). |
55 | 16 October 2012 | off eastern Taiwan | Female | TL(estimate): 6 m [4.29 m without tail]; WT(estimate): 800–900 kg | "Caught" | Organs preserved and donated to unspecified university; meat sold | Lin (2012) | Tail broke off during recovery. Total intact length estimated by fish dealer who purchased specimen. |
56 | 14 April 2014 | off Shizuoka, Japan | Female | TL: 4.4 meters; WT(estimate): not reported | "Caught" | Autopsy scheduled for May 2014 | NHK News Web[1] | Specimen will be studied at Tokai University Marine Science Museum, Shizuoka, Japan |
57 | 28 January 2015 | off Albay, Philippines | Male | ? | Washed ashore | Preserved on ice pending necropsy and display | Washington Post |
Measurements
- BD — body diameter.
- PCL — precaudal length, also known as normal length. It is the length from the tip of the snout to the precaudal pit measured in a straight line.
- TL — total length from the tip of the snout to the tip of the longer lobe of the caudal fin, usually measured with the lobes compressed along the midline. It is a straight line measure, not measured over the curve of the body.
- WT — total mass of specimen.
References
- ↑ NHK News Web (15 April 2014). "Yuikou ni kyodaizame agaru [Giant shark caught in harbor]" (in Japanese).
- [Anonymous] 1983a. New species of shark lacks sharp teeth. Syracuse Herald-Journal September 12, 1983.
- [Anonymous] 1983b. Shark Seen As Evolution Clue. The New York Times September 13, 1983.
- [Anonymous] 1983c. 'Lips' — new clue to evolution? The Chronicle Telegram September 13, 1983.
- [Anonymous] 1983d. Wimp Kin Of 'Jaws' Discovered. The Miami Herald September 13, 1983.
- [Anonymous] 1983e. Big-mouth shark an evolution key. The Daily Herald September 14, 1983.
- [Anonymous] 1983f. Bizarre Sharks Come To Light. The New York Times October 25, 1983.
- [Anonymous] 1984a. Bigmouth is vegetarian and very rare. The Chronicle Telegram November 30, 1984.
- [Anonymous] 1984b. Rare Megamouth Shark Caught Off California. Lexington Herald-Leader December 6, 1984.
- [Anonymous] 1988a. Shark With Luminescent Lips Washes Ashore Off Australia. St. Louis Post-Dispatch August 21, 1988.
- [Anonymous] 1988b. International interest in megamouth. Western Australian Museum, Your Museum [September]:1–4.
- [Anonymous] 1990a. Rare Shark Caught By California Fisherman. The Washington Post October 23, 1990.
- [Anonymous] 1990b. Encounter With 'Alien Out Of The Depths': Scientists Set Megamouth Shark Free. San Jose Mercury News October 23, 1990.
- [Anonymous] 1990c. Megamouth Shark Freed. The Atlanta Journal/The Atlanta Constitution October 23, 1990.
- [Anonymous] 1990d. Divers And Shark. The Miami Herald October 24, 1990.
- [Anonymous] 1991a. Megamouth Alive! Sea Frontiers 37(1): 21.
- [Anonymous] 1991b. Megamouth Reveals a Phantom Shark's Realm. National Geographic 179(3): 136.
- [Anonymous] 2002. South Africa: Mega Excitement Over Rare Shark Discovery. All Africa April 23, 2002.
- [Anonymous] 2004. Rare shark dies on shore of Iloilo town; bewilders, awes townfolk. The Manila Bulletin Online.
- [Anonymous] 2006. Rare shark dies in Bayawan. The Visayan Daily Star January 27, 2006.
- [Anonymous] 2007. サメ希少種メガマウス水揚げ. (Japanese) Sanriku Kahoku, July 18, 2007.
- [Anonymous] 2011a. メガマウスザメ. (Japanese) Ryukyu Asahi Broadcasting News Department, March 2, 2011.
- [Anonymous] 2011b. お~きな口のサメ解剖 メガマウス、触れる標本に. (Japanese) Ryūkyū Shimpō, March 3, 2011.
- [Anonymous] 2011c. 世界的希少種「メガマウスザメ」の解剖を実施しました! (Japanese) Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium, March 11, 2011.
- Aca, E.Q. 2009. Megamouth Shark # 45: Megamouth shark in Whale Shark waters. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Amorim, A.F., L. Fagundes, C.A. Arfelli & F.E.S. Costa 1995. Occurrence of megamouth shark, Megachasma pelagios Taylor, Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983, in the Atlantic. VII Reunião do Grupo de Trabalho sobre pesca e pesquisa de tubarões e raias no Brasil. Rio Grande do Sul.
- Amorim, A.F., C.A. Arfelli & J.I. Castro 2000. Description of a juvenile megamouth shark, Megachasma pelagios, caught off Brazil. Environmental Biology of Fishes 59(2): 117–123.
- Bagarinao, T.U. 2004. Megamouth Shark #26 Stranded In Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Baldo, M. & E.T. Elizaga 1998. Megamouth Shark #11. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Berra, T.M. & J.B. Hutchins 1988. Third Megamouth Shark, caught off Mandurah, Australia, August 18, 1988. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Berra, T.M. & J.B. Hutchins 1990. A specimen of megamouth shark, Megachasma pelagios (Megachasmidae) from Western Australia. Rec. West. Aust. Mus. 14(4): 651–656.
- Berra, T.M. & J.B. Hutchins 1991. Natural history notes on the megamouth shark, Megachasma pelagios, from Western Australia. West. Aust. Nat. 18(8): 224–233.
- Boonyapiwat, S. & C. Vidthayanon 2002. Megamouth Shark #16 Caught in East Indian Ocean. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Burgess, G. 2006. Megamouth Shark #37. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Burgess, G. N.d. Distribution Table of Confirmed Megamouth Shark Sightings. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Cabig, A. 2006. Megamouth Shark #35 Caught Off Of Barra, Macabalan, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Camacho, E.F. 2009. Megamouth Shark # 48: Rare Shark Specimen Captured, Only 47 Have Been Found Worldwide. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Castillo-Géniz, J.L. 2006. Megamouth Shark # 38: The First Megamouth Shark, Megachasma pelagios, Found in Mexican Waters. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Castro, J.I. 1994. Megamouth Shark #7 Caught in Fukuoka, Japan. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Castro, J.I. & O.B.F. Gadig 1995. Megamouth Shark #9 Caught off Brazil and now displayed in the Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, Brazil. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Castro, J.I., E. Clark, K. Yano K. Nakaya 1997. The gross anatomy of the female reproductive tract and associated organs of the Fukuoka megamouth shark (Megachasma pelagios). In: Yano, K., J.F. Morrissey, Y. Yabumoto & K. Nakaya (eds.) Biology of the Megamouth Shark. Tokai University Press, Japan, pp. 115–119.
- Clark, E. & J.I. Castro 1995. "Megamamma" is a virgin: dissection of the first female specimen of Megachasma pelagios. Environmental Biology of Fishes 43: 329–332.
- Cressey, R. & H. Boyle 1978. A New Genus and Species of Parasitic Copepod (Pandaridae) from a Unique New Shark. Pacific Science 32(1): 25–30.
- Dell'Amore, C. 2009. MEGAMOUTH SHARK PICTURE: Ultra-Rare Shark Found, Eaten. National Geographic News April 7, 2009.
- Diamond, J.M. 1985. Filter-feeding on a grand scale. Nature 316: 679–680.
- Dunford, B. 1976. Associated Press November 16, 1976.
- Huge shark hauled from depths. Stevens Point Daily Journal November 17, 1976.
- 'Megamouth' is caught. Neenah-Menasha Northwestern November 17, 1976.
- 'Megamouth' Shark no Maneater. The Daily Times-News November 17, 1976.
- Navy captures 'Megamouth'. The Advocate November 17, 1976.
- New Species Of Shark. The Gettysburg Times November 17, 1976.
- New Species Of Shark Caught Near Honolulu. The Daily Times November 17, 1976.
- New Species Of Shark Under Study. Indiana County Gazette November 17, 1976.
- New Type Of Shark Reported. Herald Times Reporter November 17, 1976.
- Scientists say shark with a movie star mouth new species. The Chillicothe Constitution Tribune November 17, 1976.
- Scientists snag new shark species. Walla Walla Union-Bulletin November 17, 1976.
- A new species of shark is caught deep off Hawaii. The Modesto Bee November 18, 1976.
- Big-mouthed shark caught, may be of unknown species. Winnipeg Free Press November 18, 1976.
- Big-Mouth Shark May Be New Type. San Mateo Times November 18, 1976.
- Unusual Shark Found Off Hawaii. The Washington Post November 18, 1976.
- Huge new shark named 'Megamouth'. The Post Crescent November 20, 1976.
- Experts believe shark is a new species. Great Bend Tribune November 28, 1976.
- Elizaga, E.T. 1998a. Megamouth Shark in Cagayan de Oro. EcoNews March 18, 1998.
- Elizaga, E.T. 1998b. The Capture of Megamouth 11. EcoNews May 29, 1998.
- Elizaga, E.T. 2005a. Megamouth Shark 28. Elizaga.net.
- Elizaga, E.T. 2005b. Megamouth Shark #28. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Ellorin, B.G. 2005. Megamouth shark found dead in Oro. Sun Star Cagayan de Oro January 31, 2005.
- Falcón, E. 2011. Elusive megamouth shark snared in Mexico. Cosmos Online August 11, 2011.
- Furuta, M. 2003. Personal communication. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Furuta, M. 2004. Megamouth Shark #25 Caught Off Ajiro, Shizuoka Japan. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department. [Ajiro Newspaper article]
- Furuta, M. 2005. Megamouth Shark #27 Captured In Purse Seine off Japan. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Gallagher, H. N.d. Megamouth Shark #1. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Gomes, U.L. & A. Buttigieg 2009. Megamouth Shark # 47: Megamouth . Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Goto, M. 1999. Histological structure of the teeth, dermal and mucous denticles and gill rakers of a female megamouth shark, Megachasma pelagious, from Hakata Bay, Japan. Archives of Comparative Biology of Tooth Enamel 6: 9–18.
- Haight, T. 1990a. Megamouth Shark #6 Caught in Dana Point, California. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
- Haight, T. 1990b. Male Megamouth Shark caught in Dana Point, California. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department.
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External links
- Summary of Megamouth Sharks, Megachasma pelagios Taylor, Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983 [archived copy from April 16, 2009]
- Distribution Table of Confirmed Megamouth Shark Sightings
- Most Up to date list of confirmed Megamouths @ Sharkman's World
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