List of members of the Council of Keble College, Oxford

A man with dark wavy hair in a long dark jacket, holding some books
Samuel Wilberforce, Bishop of Oxford and then of Winchester, served on the Council of Keble College from 1870 to 1873; this photograph was taken by Lewis Carroll.

Keble College, one of the colleges of the University of Oxford, was established by public subscription in 1868 as a memorial to the clergyman John Keble. He was one of the leaders of the Oxford Movement, whose members were often called "Tractarians"; they aimed to reform the Church of England by reasserting its links with the early Catholic church. The college was incorporated by royal charter dated 6 June 1870. Under its terms, the governance of the college was in the hands of the Warden (the head of the college) and a council of nine to twelve members; the Warden could veto almost any decision of the council and so was in a strong position.[1][2] Other Oxford colleges, in contrast, were run by the head of the college and the Fellows. By keeping matters relating to religion and the college's internal affairs in the hands of the council, rather than college academics (termed Tutors at Keble during this period), the founders hoped to maintain Keble's religious position as "a bastion of 'orthodox' Anglican teaching" against the opponents of Tractarianism.[3] The council even had power to move the college away from Oxford (subject to the consent of the Visitor, the Archbishop of Canterbury) if it transpired that Oxford was not a suitable home.[2][4]

In total, 54 men served on the council, 11 of whom were college alumni; in 1903, Arthur Winnington-Ingram (Bishop of London) became the first former Keble student to join the council. Appointment was for life or until resignation rather than for a fixed term; the council had power to fill vacancies.[2] The first members were drawn from the committee of the Keble Memorial Fund whose work had raised the money to build the college. The council met three times per year, including a meeting on St Mark's Day (25 April) – this was not only John Keble's birthday but the date on which the foundation stone was laid in 1868, and so was adopted by the college for commemorations and celebrations.[5]

Most of the members of the council came from outside the college, and many did not have other continuing links with the university. It has been described as "an external Council of ecclesiastical worthies".[6] There were often arguments during meetings about the future direction of the college when Edward Stuart Talbot was Warden (from the college's foundation until 1888).[5] Over time, the Tutors came to have a greater influence on the direction of the college, a change recognised in 1930 when the council ceded control of internal administration and academic matters to the Warden and Fellows (as the Tutors were then retitled). It retained management of finances and ecclesiastical patronage, until Harry Carpenter (Warden from 1939 to 1955) persuaded the council to transfer its remaining powers to the Warden and Fellows.[7] This placed the college "on a constitutional par with the older colleges of the University."[8] The council ceased to exist after 9 April 1952, the date on which new statutes of the college that placed full management in the hands of the Warden and Fellows were approved by the Queen in Council.[1]

Council members

A balding man, with sideburns, sitting in a chair and reading a newspaper. He wears a dark suit and waistcoat with a stiff-collared white shirt, and a pocket watch hangs from a chain around his neck
Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook, a member of the council from 1870 to 1898
A middle-aged man, with sideburns and moustache, wearing a dark suit with a wing-collared shirt and cravat; a monocle hangs from a chain around his neck
Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon, a council member from 1870 to 1882
A "Spy" cartoon of a clergyman with greying hair, parted to the right, wearing a black jacket and a large gold pectoral cross, standing behind a table with his left hand raised in blessing
Edward King, Bishop of Lincoln and a council member from 1885 to 1910
A man wearing a judge's wig and fur-tipped robes with his head supported on his right hand; his right elbow is on a pile of books
John Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey, who was Lord Chancellor from 1929 to 1935, was a council member from 1927 to 1948.
A balding man with grey/white sideburns, wearing a dark jacket over a dark robe, sitting in a chair
William Stubbs, a member of the council from 1890 to 1901
Key
Members of the Council of Keble College, Oxford
Name Start End Notes
Bernard, MountagueMountague Bernard 1870 1882 Chichele Professor of Public International Law (1859–74); Fellow of All Souls College (1870–82)
BisdeeAlfred Bisdee (OM) 1950 1952 Anglican priest, who was an honorary canon of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford
Bright, WilliamWilliam Bright 1870 1901 Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History (1868–1901)
Buchanan-Riddell, Sir JohnSir John Buchanan-Riddell 1899 1924 Barrister; High Sheriff of Northumberland (1897); father of Sir Walter Buchanan-Riddell (also a member of the council)[9]
Buchanan-Riddell, Sir WalterSir Walter Buchanan-Riddell 1923 1934 Principal of Hertford College (1922–29); son of Sir John Buchanan-Riddell (also a member of the council)
Bulley, FrederickFrederick Bulley 1880 1885 President of Magdalen College (1855–85)
Coles, VincentVincent Coles 1910 1924 Principal of Pusey House (1897–1909)
Eastwood, ChristopherChristopher Eastwood 1937 1952 Assistant Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies (1947–52 and 1954–56)
Garbett, CyrilCyril Garbett (OM) 1924 1950 Bishop of Southwark (1919–32); Bishop of Winchester (1932–42); Archbishop of York (1942–55)
Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Baron Quickswood, HughHugh Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Baron Quickswood 1898 1952 Fellow of Hertford College (1892–36); MP for Greenwich (1895–1906) and for Oxford University (1910–37); raised to the peerage in 1941
Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook, GathorneGathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st Earl of Cranbrook 1870 1898 Home Secretary (1867–68); Secretary of State for War (1874–78); Secretary of State for India (1878–80)
Gibbs, 1st Baron Aldenham, HucksHucks Gibbs, 1st Baron Aldenham 1873 1907 A Director of the Bank of England (1853–1901, Governor 1875–77); MP for the City of London (1891–92); raised to the peerage in 1896; a nephew of the wealthy trader William Gibbs (owner of Tyntesfield) who paid for the construction of the chapel[10]
Gibbs, JohnJohn Arthur Gibbs (OM) 1925 1946 Merchant banker with Anthony Gibbs and Sons from 1882; became a partner of the firm in 1897[11]
Gibbs, VicaryVicary Gibbs 1906 1921 MP for St Albans (1892–1904)
Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon, HenryHenry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon 1870 1882 Secretary of State for the Colonies (1866–67 and 1874–78); Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (1885–86)
Hicks, NugentNugent Hicks 1934 1942 Dean of the college (1901–09); Bishop of Gibraltar (1927–33); Bishop of Lincoln (1933–42)
Hoare, Sir SamuelSir Samuel Hoare 1919 1922 MP for Chelsea (1910–44); Home Secretary (1937–39)
Johnston, JohnJohn Johnston (OM) 1914 1923 Principal of Cuddesdon College, an Anglican theological college (1895–1913)
King, EdwardEdward King 1885 1910 Regius Professor of Pastoral Theology (1873–85); Bishop of Lincoln (1885–1910)
Leighton, FrancisFrancis Leighton 1871 1880 Warden of All Souls College (1858–81)
Liddon, HenryHenry Liddon 1870 1890 Dean Ireland's Professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture (1870–82)
Lock, WalterWalter Lock 1885 1897 Fellow of Magdalen College (1869–92); Dean Ireland's Professor of the Exegesis of Holy Scripture (1895–1919); Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity (1919–27); third Warden of Keble (1897–1920)[12]
Lygon, 6th Earl Beauchamp, FrederickFrederick Lygon, 6th Earl Beauchamp 1870 1891 Fellow of All Souls College (1852–56); Lord Steward of the Household (1874–80); vice-president of the Keble Memorial Fund, and a "key member" of the council, who was "consulted at every stage"[13]
Mansel, Henry LonguevilleHenry Longueville Mansel 1870 1871 Waynflete Professor of Metaphysical Philosophy (1855–67); Regius Professor of Ecclesiastical History (1867–68); Dean of St Paul's (1868–71)
Matheson, FrederickFrederick Matheson (OM) 1921 1942 Dean of the college (1914–21); Dean of Carlisle (1938–42)
Medd, PeterPeter Medd 1870 1908 Fellow of University College (1852–77)
Moberly, RobertRobert Moberly 1901 1903 Regius Professor of Pastoral Theology (1892–1903)
Morgan Frank Morgan 1923 1935 Tutor in History (1905–18); Secretary of the Representative Body of the Church in Wales (1918–35); also a Governor of the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth[14]
Mortimer, RobertRobert Mortimer (OM) 1950 1952 Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology (1944–49); Bishop of Exeter (1949–73)
Newbolt, WilliamWilliam Newbolt 1901 1930 Principal of Ely Theological College (1887–90)
Ottley, RobertRobert Ottley 1908 1920 Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology (1903–33)
Palmer, 3rd Earl of Selborne, RoundellRoundell Palmer, 3rd Earl of Selborne 1950 1952 MP for Newton (1910–18) and for Aldershot (1918–40); inherited title of Earl of Selborne in 1942; Minister of Economic Warfare (1942–45)
Page Edward Page (OM) 1935 1952 Chairman of the Diocese of Bath and Wells Board of Finance (1936); High Sheriff of Somerset (1947)[15]
Pellew, HenryHenry Pellew 1870 1873 Honorary Secretary to the Keble Memorial Fund until 1873, when he moved to the United States (later becoming a US citizen); inherited the title of Viscount Exmouth shortly before his death[16][17]
Pusey, Edward BouverieEdward Bouverie Pusey 1870 1880 Regius Professor of Hebrew (1828–82); a leader of the Oxford Movement
Russell, GeorgeGeorge Russell 1908 1919 MP for Aylesbury (1880–85) and for Biggleswade (1892–95); Under-Secretary of State for India (1892–94); Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department (1894–95)
Sackville-West William Sackville-West 1882 1905 Also the college's bursar (1871–76); previously Lieutenant-Colonel of the Grenadier Guards[18]
Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey, JohnJohn Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey 1927 1948 High Court Judge (1914–28); Lord Justice of Appeal (1928–29); Lord Chancellor (1929–35); raised to the peerage as Baron Sankey (1929) and then Viscount Sankey (1932)
Shaw-StewartJohn Shaw-Stewart 1870 1900 Honorary Treasurer of the Keble Memorial Fund; the college's bursar (1876–80); a magistrate in Renfrewshire and Middlesex[17][18]
Spurling, FrederickFrederick Spurling 1897 1914 Sub-Warden of the college (1897–1906)
Stubbs, WilliamWilliam Stubbs 1890 1901 Regius Professor of Modern History (1866–84); Bishop of Chester (1884–89); Bishop of Oxford (1889–1901)
Talbot, Edward KebleEdward Keble Talbot 1924 1949 Son of Edward Stuart Talbot (first Warden and a member of the council); Superior of the Community of the Resurrection, Mirfield (1922–40)
Talbot, Edward StuartEdward Stuart Talbot 1893 1934 First Warden of the college (1870–88); Bishop of Rochester (1895–1905); Bishop of Southwark (1905–11); Bishop of Winchester (1911–23); father of Edward Keble Talbot (also a member of the council)[12]
Talbot, Sir GeorgeSir George Talbot 1900 1938 Fellow of All Souls College (1886–98); High Court Judge (1923–37)
Underhill, FrancisFrancis Underhill 1930 1943 Bishop of Bath and Wells (1937–43)
Vaisey, Sir HarrySir Harry Vaisey 1939 1951 High Court Judge (1944–60)
WaltersRichard Walters (OM) 1950 1952 Chartered accountant; Honorary Secretary of the college's Appeal Fund (1951–68)[19]
Wand, WilliamWilliam Wand 1944 1952 Archbishop of Brisbane (1934–43); Bishop of Bath and Wells (1943–45); Bishop of London (1945–55)
West, Richard TempleRichard Temple West 1882 1893 High Church Anglican priest, who was a Student of Christ Church ("Student" being the term at Christ Church for Fellows); became vicar of St Mary Magdalene, Paddington[20]
Wilberforce, SamuelSamuel Wilberforce 1870 1873 Bishop of Oxford (1845–69); Bishop of Winchester (1869–73)
Wilson, RogerRoger Wilson (OM) 1950 1952 Bishop of Wakefield (1949–58); Bishop of Chichester (1958–74)
Winnington-Ingram, ArthurArthur Winnington-Ingram (OM) 1903 1946 Bishop of London (1901–39)
Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax, CharlesCharles Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax 1880 1919 President of the English Church Union (1869–1919, 1931–34); father of Edward Wood (also a member of the council)
Wood, 1st Baron Irwin, EdwardEdward Wood, 1st Baron Irwin 1919 1926 Son of Charles Wood (also a member of the council); Fellow of All Souls College (1903–33); MP for Ripon (1910–25); Viceroy of India (1926–31); Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1938–40); raised to the peerage as 1st Baron Irwin in 1925 before succeeding his father as 3rd Viscount Halifax in 1934; further ennobled as 1st Earl of Halifax in 1944

References

General references

  • Drennan, pp. 17–18.

Specific references

  1. 1 2 Drennan, p. 17.
  2. 1 2 3 Mallet, Charles Edward (1968) [1927]. A History of the University of Oxford Volume 3: Modern Oxford. Barnes & Noble. p. 428.
  3. ↑ Cameron and Archer, pp. 15–16.
  4. ↑ Hibbert, p. 207.
  5. 1 2 Cameron and Archer, pp. 14, 19.
  6. ↑ "Keble's Past". Keble College, Oxford. Retrieved 24 November 2009.
  7. ↑ Hibbert, p. 208.
  8. ↑ Cameron and Archer, p. 59.
  9. ↑ "Obituaries: Sir J. W. Buchanan-Riddell". The Times. 3 November 1924. p. 16.
  10. ↑ Cameron and Archer, p. 22.
  11. ↑ Drennan, pp. 40–41.
  12. 1 2 Drennan, p. 1.
  13. ↑ Cameron and Archer, p. 17.
  14. ↑ Drennan, p. 69.
  15. ↑ Drennan, p. 137.
  16. ↑ "Death of Lord Exmouth, American citizen and social worker". The Times. 6 February 1923. p. 12.
  17. 1 2 Cameron and Archer, p. 13.
  18. 1 2 Drennan, p. 3.
  19. ↑ Drennan, p. 193.
  20. ↑ "Obituary". The Times. 11 February 1893. p. 10.

Bibliography

  • Cameron, Averil; Archer, Ian W., eds. (2008). Keble Past and Present. Third Millennium Publishing. ISBN 978-1-903942-71-0. 
  • Drennan, Basil St G., ed. (1970). The Keble College Centenary Register 1870 – 1970. Keble College, Oxford. ISBN 978-0-85033-048-9. 
  • Hibbert, Christopher, ed. (1992). "Keble College". The Encyclopaedia of Oxford. Pan Macmillan. pp. 206–208. ISBN 0-333-48614-5. 

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