List of oil spills
This is a reverse-chronological list of oil spills that have occurred throughout the world and spill(s) that are currently ongoing. Quantities are measured in tonnes of crude oil with one tonne roughly equal to 308 US gallons, 256 Imperial gallons, or 7.33 barrels, or 1165 litres. This calculation uses a median value of 0.858 for the specific gravity of light crude oil; actual values can range from 0.816 to 0.893, so the amounts shown below are inexact. They are also estimates, because the actual volume of an oil spill is difficult to measure exactly.
Underway
Spill / vessel | Location | Dates | Estimated flow rate (tonnes/day) | Full cargo (tonnes) | Spilled (min tonnes) | Spilled (max tonnes) | Link | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OT Southern Star 7 | ![]() |
9 December 2014 to present (730 days) | n/a | 350 | 300 | 300 | [1][2][3][4] | Leak caused by collision of the oil tanker with a cargo vessel. |
Napocor Power Barge 103 |
![]() |
8 November 2013 to present (1126 days) | n/a | 1200 | 170 | 520 | [5][6][7][8] | Leaks caused by Typhoon Haiyan. |
Taylor Energy wells Platform 23051 |
![]() |
16 September 2004 to present (4466 days) | 0.03–0.05 | n/a | 70 | 109 | [9] | Leaks resulting from Hurricane Ivan have been largely contained, but not entirely. Ocean Saratoga is periodically onsite servicing and attempting to seal the leaks. Being monitored by the United States Department of the Interior |
Note: The "flow rate" column applies to leaking wells, pipelines, etc., and is often used to estimate the total amount of oil spilled. The "full cargo" column applies to vessels, vehicles, etc., and represents the maximum amount of oil that could be spilled. The "spilled" columns indicate the total amount of oil that has been released to the environment so far, and should be based on official estimates found in referenced sources whenever possible. When official estimates vary, use the "min tonnes" and "max tonnes" columns to show the range of estimates (minimum and maximum) in metric tonnes (i.e. 1 tonne = 1,000 kg).
Complete
Spill / Vessel | Location | Dates | Min Tonnes | Max Tonnes | Link(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fox Creek pipeline leak | ![]() |
6 October 2016 | unknown | 213 | [12] |
2016 Colonial Pipeline Leak | ![]() |
12 September 2016 | unknown | 1,092 | [13] |
North Battleford pipeline spill | ![]() |
21 July 2016 | 170 | 210 | [14] |
ConocoPhillips Canada pipeline spill | ![]() |
9 June 2016 | unknown | 323 | [15] |
Shell Gulf of Mexico oil spill, Brutus offshore platform | ![]() |
12 May 2016 | unknown | 316 | [16] |
Refugio oil spill | ![]() |
19 May 2015 | unknown | 330 | [17] |
MV Marathassa | ![]() |
13 April 2015 | 2.3 | 2.3 | [18] |
Illinois train derailment | ![]() |
5 March 2015 | unknown | unknown | [19] |
2015 Yellowstone River oil spill | ![]() |
17 January 2015 | 41 | 160 | [20][21] |
Black Sea oil spill | ![]() |
24 December 2014 | unknown | unknown | [22] |
Trans-Israel Pipeline | ![]() |
6 December 2014 | 1,948 | 4,300 | [23] |
Mid-Valley Pipeline | ![]() |
13 October 2014 | 546 | 546 | [24] |
Lake Michigan oil spill | ![]() |
24 March 2014 | 2 | 5 | [25][26][27] |
MV Miss Susan/MV Summer Wind | ![]() |
22 March 2014 | 546 | 546 | [28][29] |
North Dakota pipeline spill | ![]() |
21 March 2014 | 110 | 110 | [30] |
North Dakota train collision | ![]() |
30 December 2013 | 1,300 | 1,300 | [31] |
Bullenbaai | ![]() |
1 November 2013 | unknown | unknown | [32] |
North Dakota pipeline spill | ![]() |
25 September 2013 – 29 September 2013 | 2,810 | 2,810 | [33][34] |
Rayong oil spill | ![]() |
27 July 2013 | 43 | 163 | [35][36] |
Lac-Mégantic derailment | ![]() |
6 July 2013 | 4,830 | 4,830 | [37] |
Cushing storage terminal | ![]() |
18 May 2013 | 340 | 340 | [38][39] |
Mayflower | ![]() |
30 March 2013 | 680 | 950 | [40] |
Magnolia refinery | ![]() |
9 March 2013 | 680 | 760 | [41][42] |
Bullenbaai | ![]() |
7 November 2012 | unknown | unknown | [43][44] |
Arthur Kill storage tank spill (Hurricane Sandy) | ![]() |
29 October 2012 | 1,090 | 1,130 | [45][46] |
Curaçao | ![]() |
17 August 2012 | unknown | unknown | [47][48] |
Sundre, Alberta | ![]() |
8 June 2012 | 410 | 410 | [49] |
Guarapiche | ![]() |
4 February 2012 | 680 | 41,000 | [50][51] |
Nigeria | ![]() |
21 December 2011 | 5,500 | 5,500 | [52] |
TK Bremen | ![]() |
16 December 2011 | 220 | 220 | [53] |
Campos Basin | ![]() |
7 November 2011 – 15 November 2011 | 89 | 400 | [54] |
Rena oil spill | ![]() |
5 October 2011 – August 2012 | 350 | 350 | [56] |
North Sea oil | ![]() |
10 August 2011 – 13 August 2011 | 216 | 216 | [58] |
Yellowstone River | ![]() |
1 July 2011 | 105 | 140 | [59] |
Bohai Bay oil spill | ![]() |
4 June 2011 – 19 June 2011 | 204 | 204 | [60][61] |
Little Buffalo oil spill | ![]() |
29 April 2011 | 3,800 | 3,800 | [62][63] |
Mumbai-Uran pipeline spill | ![]() |
21 January 2011 | 40 | 55 | [64][65] |
Fiume Santo power station | ![]() |
11 January 2011 | 15 | 15 | [66] |
Mumbai oil spill / MV MSC Chitra and MV Khalijia 3 | ![]() |
7 August 2010 – 9 August 2010 | 400 | 800 | [67][68][69] |
Barataria Bay oil spill | ![]() |
27 July 2010 – 1 August 2010 | 23 | 45 | [70][71][72][73] |
Kalamazoo River oil spill | ![]() |
26 July 2010 | 2,800 | 3,250 | [74][75] |
Xingang Port oil spill | ![]() |
16 July 2010 – 21 July 2010 | 1,500 | 90,000 | [76] |
Jebel al-Zayt oil spill | ![]() |
16 June 2010 – 23 June 2010 | unknown | unknown | [78] |
Red Butte Creek oil spill | ![]() |
11 June 2010 – 12 June 2010 | 65 | 107 | [79][80] |
Trans-Alaska Pipeline | ![]() |
25 May 2010 | 400 | 1,200 | [81] |
MT Bunga Kelana 3 | ![]() |
25 May 2010 | 2,000 | 2,500 | [82][83][84] |
ExxonMobil | ![]() |
1 May 2010 | 3,246 | 95,500 | [85][86][87] |
Deepwater Horizon | ![]() |
20 April 2010 – 15 July 2010 | 492,000 | 627,000 | [88] |
Great Barrier Reef / MV Shen Neng 1 | ![]() |
3 April 2010 | 3 | 4 | [89][90][91] |
Lambro and Po rivers | ![]() |
23 February 2010 | 15 | 15 | [92] |
Port Arthur oil spill | ![]() |
23 January 2010 | 1,500 | 1,500 | [93] |
Yellow River oil spill | ![]() |
5 January 2010 | 130 | 130 | [94] |
Montara oil spill | ![]() |
21 August 2009 | 4,000 | 30,000 | [95][96] |
Full City | ![]() |
31 July 2009 | 200 | 200 | [97] |
Lüderitz oil spill | ![]() |
8 April 2009 | unknown | unknown | [98] |
Queensland | ![]() |
10 March 2009 | 230 | 260 | [99] |
West Cork oil spill | ![]() |
February 2009 | 300 | 300 | [100] |
2008 New Orleans oil spill | ![]() |
28 July 2008 | 8,800 | 8,800 | [101] |
Shell bodo | ![]() |
1 August 2008 | 1,000 | unknown | [102] |
Statfjord oil spill | ![]() |
12 December 2007 | 4,000 | 4,000 | [103] |
Korea oil spill | ![]() |
7 December 2007 | 10,800 | 10,800 | [104][105] |
Kerch Strait oil spill | ![]() ![]() |
11 November 2007 | 1,000 | 1,000 | [106] |
COSCO Busan oil spill | ![]() |
7 November 2007 | 188 | 188 | [107] |
Kab 101 | ![]() |
23 October 2007 – 17 December 2007 | 1,869 | 1,869 | [108] |
Burnaby | ![]() |
24 July 2007 | 201 | 201 | [109] |
Guimaras oil spill | ![]() |
11 August 2006 | 172 | 1,540 | [110] |
Jiyeh power station oil spill | ![]() |
14 July 2006 – 15 July 2006 | 20,000 | 30,000 | [110] |
Citgo refinery | ![]() |
19 June 2006 | 6,500 | 6,500 | [111] |
Prudhoe Bay oil spill | ![]() |
2 March 2006 | 653 | 689 | [112] |
Bass Enterprises Oil Spill (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 12,000 | 12,000 | [113] |
Shell (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 3,400 | 3,400 | [113] |
Chevron (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 3,200 | 3,200 | [113] |
Murphy Oil USA refinery spill (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 2,660 | 3,410 | [113] |
Bass Enterprises (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 1,500 | 1,500 | [113] |
Chevron (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 170 | 170 | [113] |
Venice Energy Services Company (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 81 | 81 | [113] |
Shell Pipeline Oil (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 44 | 44 | [113] |
Sundown Energy (Hurricane Katrina) | ![]() |
30 August 2005 | 42 | 42 | [113] |
MV Selendang Ayu | ![]() |
8 December 2004 | 1,560 | 1,560 | [115] |
Athos 1 | ![]() |
26 November 2004 | 860 | 860 | [116] |
MP-80 Delta 20" pipeline (Hurricane Ivan) | ![]() |
16 September 2004 – 19 September 2004 | 963 | 963 | [117] |
MP-69 Nakika 18" & MP-151 Nakika 18" pipeline (Hurricane Ivan) | ![]() |
16 September 2004 – 6 October 2004 | 618 | 618 | [117] |
Chevron-Texaco tank collapse (Hurricane Ivan) | ![]() |
16 September 2004 – 17 September 2004 | 423 | 423 | [117] |
Tasman Spirit | ![]() |
28 July 2003 | 28,000 | 30,000 | [118][119] |
Bouchard No. 120 | ![]() |
27 April 2003 | 320 | 320 | [120] |
Prestige | ![]() |
13 November 2002 | 63,000 | 63,000 | [121][122][123] |
Limburg (bombing) | ![]() |
6 October 2002 | 12,200 | 12,200 | [124][125] |
Manguinhos refinery | ![]() |
23 November 2001 | 34 | 97 | [126] |
Trans-Alaska Pipeline gunshot spill | ![]() |
4 October 2001 | 932 | 932 | [127] |
Shell Ogbodo | ![]() |
25 June 2001 | 9,500 | unknown | [128] |
2001 Shell Ogoniland oil spill | ![]() |
May 2001 | unknown | unknown | [129] |
Petrobras 36 | ![]() |
15 March 2001 | 274 | 274 | [130] |
Amorgos oil spill | ![]() |
14 January 2001 | 1,150 | 1,150 | [131] |
Jessica | ![]() |
January 2001 | 568 | 568 | [132] |
Pine River | ![]() |
1 August 2000 | 850 | 850 | [134] |
Project Deep Spill | ![]() |
June 2000 | 100 | 100 | [135] |
Treasure | ![]() |
June 2000 | 1,400 | 1,400 | [132] |
Petrobras pipeline | ![]() |
January 2000 | 1,100 | 1,100 | [126][132] |
Erika | ![]() |
12 December 1999 | 15,000 | 25,000 | [115][132] |
Port Stanvac oil spill | ![]() |
28 June 1999 | 230 | 230 | [136] |
MV New Carissa | ![]() |
4 February 1999 – 9 March 1999 | 230 | 230 | [137] |
Mobil Nigeria oil spill | ![]() |
12 January 1998 | 5,500 | 5,500 | [115] |
Nakhodka | ![]() |
December 1997 | 6,240 | 6,240 | [138] |
Julie N. | ![]() |
27 September 1996 | 586 | 586 | [139] |
Sea Empress | ![]() |
15 February 1996 | 40,000 | 72,000 | [115][121] |
North Cape | ![]() |
19 January 1996 | 2,500 | 2,500 | [140] |
MV Iron Baron (1985) | ![]() |
10-30 July 1995 | 300 | 325 | [141] |
Apollo Sea | ![]() |
June 1994 | 2,400 | 2,400 | |
Seki | ![]() |
31 March 1994 | 15,900 | 15,900 | [115] |
Morris J. Berman | ![]() |
7 January 1994 | 2,600 | 2,600 | [142] |
MV Braer | ![]() |
5 January 1993 | 85,000 | 85,000 | [121] |
Aegean Sea | ![]() |
3 December 1992 | 74,000 | 74,000 | [121] |
Port Bonython oil spill | ![]() |
30 August 1992 | 296 | 296 | [143] |
Katina P | ![]() |
26 April 1992 | 72,000 | 72,000 | [121] |
Fergana Valley | ![]() |
2 March 1992 | 285,000 | 285,000 | [115] |
Kirki | ![]() |
21 July 1991 | 17,280 | 17,280 | [144] |
ABT Summer | ![]() |
28 May 1991 | 260,000 | 260,000 | [121] |
MT Haven | ![]() |
11 April 1991 | 144,000 | 144,000 | [121] |
Gulf War oil spill | ![]() |
23 January 1991 | 270,000 | 820,000 | [145] |
Mega Borg | ![]() |
8 June 1990 | 16,499 | 16,501 | [147] |
American Trader | ![]() |
7 February 1990 | 979 | 981 | [115] |
Arthur Kill pipeline | ![]() |
1 January 1990 | 1,840 | 1,840 | [149] |
Khark 5 | ![]() |
19 December 1989 | 70,000 | 80,000 | [115][121] |
Presidente Rivera | ![]() |
24 June 1989 | 993 | 993 | [151] |
Exxon Valdez | ![]() |
24 March 1989 | 37,000 | 104,000 | [121][152] |
Odyssey | ![]() |
10 November 1988 | 132,000 | 132,000 | [121] |
Ashland oil spill | ![]() |
2 January 1988 | 10,000 | 10,000 | [153][154] |
Nova | ![]() |
6 December 1985 | 70,000 | 70,000 | [121] |
Grand Eagle | ![]() |
28 September 1985 | 1,400 | 1,400 | [155] |
Alvenus | ![]() |
30 July 1984 | 9,160 | 9,160 | [156] |
SS Mobil Oil | ![]() |
19 March 1984 | 550 | 650 | [157][158] |
Castillo de Bellver | ![]() |
6 August 1983 | 252,000 | 252,000 | [121] |
Nowruz Field Platform | ![]() |
4 February 1983 | 260,000 | 260,000 | [159] |
Tanio oil spill | ![]() |
7 March 1980 | 13,500 | 13,500 | [160] |
Irenes Serenade | ![]() |
23 February 1980 | 100,000 | 100,000 | [121] |
MT Independenţa | ![]() |
15 November 1979 | 95,000 | 95,000 | [121] |
Burmah Agate | ![]() |
1 November 1979 | 8,440 | 8,440 | [161] |
Aphrodite | ![]() |
20 July 1979 | |||
Atlantic Empress / Aegean Captain | ![]() |
19 July 1979 | 287,000 | 287,000 | [121][162][163] |
Ixtoc I oil spill | ![]() |
3 June 1979 – 23 March 1980 | 454,000 | 480,000 | [164][165] |
Betelgeuse | ![]() |
8 January 1979 | 64,000 | 64,000 | [166] |
Amoco Cadiz | ![]() |
16 March 1978 | 223,000 | 227,000 | [115][115][121][167][168] |
Trans-Alaska Pipeline sabotage by explosives | ![]() |
15 February 1978 | 2,162 | 2,162 | [169] |
Venpet / Venoil collision | ![]() |
16 December 1977 | 26,600 | 30,500 | |
Ekofisk oil field | ![]() |
22 April 1977 | 27,600 | 27,600 | [170][171] |
Hawaiian Patriot | ![]() |
26 February 1977 | 95,000 | 95,000 | [115][121] |
Borag | ![]() |
7 February 1977 | 34,000 | 34,000 | [172] |
Argo Merchant | ![]() |
15 December 1976 | 25,000 | 28,000 | [173][174] |
NEPCO 140 | ![]() |
23 June 1976 | 1,000 | 1,000 | [175][176] |
Urquiola | ![]() |
12 May 1976 | 100,000 | 100,000 | [121] |
Niger Delta | ![]() |
1976 – 1996 | 258,000 | 328,000 | [177] |
Corinthos | ![]() |
31 January 1975 | 36,000 | 36,000 | |
Jakob Maersk | ![]() |
29 January 1975 | 88,000 | 88,000 | [121] |
Afran Zodiac | ![]() |
10 January 1975 | 451 | 451 | [178][179] |
VLCC Metula | ![]() |
9 August 1974 | 50,000 | 51,000 | [180] |
Jawachta | ![]() |
20 December 1973 | 3,000 | 16,000 | [181] |
Sea Star | ![]() |
19 December 1972 | 115,000 | 115,000 | [115][121] |
Oswego-Guardian / Texanita collision | ![]() |
21 August 1972 | 10,000 | 10,000 | [182] |
Navy tanker Towle | ![]() |
14 July 1971 | 123 | 123 | [183][184] |
Texaco Oklahoma | ![]() |
27 March 1971 | 25,700 | 31,500 | [181][185] |
Wafra | ![]() |
21 February 1971 | 27,000 | 27,000 | [186] |
Arizona Standard / Oregon Standard collision | ![]() |
17 January 1971 | 2,700 | 2,700 | [187][188][189] |
Othello | ![]() |
20 March 1970 | 50,000 | 60,000 | [115][132] |
Platform Charlie | ![]() |
10 February 1970 | [190] | ||
SS Arrow | ![]() |
4 February 1970 | 10,330 | 10,330 | [191] |
Santa Barbara | ![]() |
28 January 1969 | 6,000 | 14,000 | [192] |
Genevieve | ![]() |
25 April 1968 | unknown | unknown | [193] |
Ocean Eagle | ![]() |
1968 | 12,000 | 12,000 | [181] |
R.C. Stoner | ![]() |
1967 | 20,000 | 20,000 | [181] |
Torrey Canyon | ![]() |
18 March 1967 | 80,000 | 119,000 | [115][121] |
Mississippi River oil spill (1962–1963) | ![]() |
8 December 1962 – 23 January 1963 | 11,000 | 15,000 | |
African Queen | ![]() |
30 December 1958 | 21,000 | 21,000 | [194][195] |
Avila Beach pipeline | ![]() |
1950's – 1996 | 1,300 | 1,300 | [196] |
Guadalupe Oil Field | ![]() |
1950's – 1994 | 29,000 | 29,000 | [196] |
Greenpoint, Brooklyn | ![]() |
1940s – 1950s | 55,200 | 97,400 | [197] |
Seria Field | Brunei | 12 June 1945 - September 1945 | [198][199][200] | ||
SS Frank H. Buck / SS President Coolidge collision | ![]() |
6 March 1937 | 8,870 | 8,870 | [187][201] |
Lakeview Gusher | ![]() |
14 March 1910 – 10 September 1911 | 1,230,000 | 1,230,000 | [202] |
Thomas W. Lawson | ![]() |
14 December 1907 | 7,400 | 7,400 | [203] |
See also
References
- ↑ "Fears for rare wildlife as oil 'catastrophe' strikes Bangladesh". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 13 December 2014.
- ↑ "India on alert after oil spill in Sundarbans". Reuters. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
- ↑ "Bangladesh begins oil clean-up after spill". Aljazeera.
- ↑ "TK 100 cr. loss feared from Sundarban oil spill". The Daily Ittefaq. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
- ↑ "DOH: Air pollution in Iloilo oil spill site at critical level". Rappler. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
- ↑ "Napocor president assures Iloilo oil spill cleanup to abide by DOH recommendations". InterAksyon.com. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
- ↑ "Group urges Iloilo fishermen to sue Napocor for oil leak". Retrieved 16 November 2014.
- ↑ http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/regions/11/28/13/benzene-iloilo-oil-spill-reaches-alarming-level
- ↑ David Wethe & Edward Klump (9 June 2010). "Taylor Gulf Wells Leaks for Years; Diamond Drills Relief Wells". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
- ↑ Paul Rioux (8 June 2010). "Second Gulf oil spill releasing small amounts, federal officials say". The Times-Picayune. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
- ↑ John Amos (22 March 2011). "Questions Remain About Last Weekend's Gulf Of Mexico Oil Spill". Business Insider. Business Insider, Inc. SkyTruth. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
- ↑ "Alberta pipeline spilled about 250K litres of oil and water: Trilogy". Global News. October 25, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
- ↑ "EPA says it is 'not known' how long Alabama pipeline leaked gas prior to discovery of break". September 24, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
- ↑ Trimble, Ken (July 22, 2016). "North Battleford shuts down water intake due to oil slick". The Canadian Press. North Battleford. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
- ↑ "Pipeline leak fouls creek near grizzly bear protection area in northwestern Alberta". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. June 14, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
- ↑ "Shell Oil Spill Dumps Thousands Of Barrels Of Crude Into Gulf Of Mexico". Huffington Post. May 12, 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
- ↑ "California oil spill sparks state of emergency". BBC News. May 21, 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
- ↑ Johnson, Lisa; Luk, Vivian (13 April 2015). "Vancouver oil spill: Coast guard fires back at criticism of response". CBC News. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
- ↑ AP. 6 March 2015 http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/freight-train-carrying-crude-oil-derails-near-illinois-city/ar-BBihCaD. Retrieved 8 March 2015. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - ↑ Calamure (20 January 2015). NPR http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/01/20/378583195/traces-of-oil-found-in-montana-towns-water-supply-after-spill. Retrieved 20 January 2015. Missing or empty
|title=
(help) - ↑ http://www.cbsnews.com/news/oil-spill-in-yellowstone-river-in-montana-caught-pretty-quick/
- ↑ Nazarov, Maxim; Gorodyankin, Gleb (24 December 2014). "Oil spills into Black Sea near Russian port after pipeline leak." Reuters. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
- ↑ Benson, Thor (December 6, 2014). "Oil spill one of the worst environmental events in Israel's history, official says". UPI. UPI. Retrieved 8 December 2014.
- ↑ Andrew Maykuth (22 October 2014). "2,550 barrels of crude recovered from oil spill". Philly.com. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
- ↑ Eyder Peralta (25 March 2014). "BP Says Oil Spill In Lake Michigan Has Been Contained". NPR. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ↑ Angie Jackson (25 March 2014). "Report: Oil spills into Lake Michigan after malfunction at BP refinery in Indiana". Mlive. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ↑ Angie Jackson (27 March 2014). "Lake Michigan oil spill estimate doubles in size, possibly up to 1,600 gallons, BP reports". Mlive. Retrieved 28 March 2014.
- ↑ Kuo, Vivian (25 March 2014). "Dead, oiled birds sighted 3 days into Texas oil spill cleanup". CNN. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ↑ John Bacon (24 March 2014). "Cleanup of Texas oil spill blocks ships". USA Today. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
- ↑ "Hiland Crude Pipeline Spills Oil Near Alexander, ND". Huffington. 23 March 2014. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
- ↑ "400,000 gallons of crude oil spilled in North Dakota train crash". LA Times. 13 January 2014. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
- ↑ "Maximum penalty for Bullenbaai oil spill is 5000 guilders". Curacao Chronicle. Willemstad: Core Communications. 5 November 2013. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
- ↑ Selam Gebrekidan, Reuters (11 October 2013). "Corrosion may have led to North Dakota pipeline leak, regulators say". NBC News. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- ↑ James MacPherson, Associated Press (11 October 2013). "ND Farmer Finds Oil Spill While Harvesting Wheat". ABC News. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- ↑ "Oil spill threatens Rayong beaches". www.bangkokpost.com. Bangkok Post. 28 July 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
- ↑ Post Publishing PCL. "No slick explanation for huge PTT oil spill". Retrieved 16 November 2014.
- ↑ "Lac-Mégantic: What we know and what we don't". www.montrealgazette.com. The Gazette. 9 August 2013. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
- ↑ "Enbridge spill at Cushing terminal mostly contained". 21 May 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ "Enbridge: Pipelines Operating Normally Following Cushing Spill". 20 May 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ "Exxon Oil Spill Could Be 40% Larger Than Company Estimates, EPA Figures Show". InsideClimate News. USA. 5 April 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
- ↑ "Refiner Delek Cleaning Up 5,000-Barrel Spill in Arkansas Bayou". 13 March 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ "Cause of Mayflower Exxon-Mobil Oil Spill Still a Mystery". 27 May 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
- ↑ "Maximum penalty for Bullenbaai oil spill is 5000 guilders". Curacao Chronicle. Willemstad: Core Communications. 5 November 2013. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
- ↑ "Isla denies blame for recent oil spill Bullenbaai". Curacao Chronicle. Willemstad: Core Communications. 12 November 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
- ↑ "336K Gallons of Diesel Fuel Leak in Arthur Kill". NBC. USA. 6 November 2012. Retrieved 6 November 2012.
- ↑ "Arthur Kill Oil Spill: Hurricane Sandy's Surge Dumps Diesel Into New Jersey Waterway". Huffington Post. USA. 1 November 2012. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
- ↑ http://laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=566715&CategoryId=10718
- ↑ "Largest Environmental Disaster in Curacao History". 30 August 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
- ↑ "Alberta Oil Spill: Up To 3,000 Barrels Spill Near Red Deer River Reports Plains Midstream Canada". Huffington Post. Canada. 8 June 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2012.
- ↑ Stabroek editor (12 February 2012). "Venezuela says Guarapiche oil spill under control". Stabroek News. Retrieved 16 November 2014.
- ↑ "PDVSA Oil Spill Exposes Fissures in Chavez's Socialist Party". 13 March 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
- ↑ Vidal, John (22 December 2011). "Nigeria on alert as Shell announces worst oil spill in a decade". The Guardian. London: Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
- ↑ "Oil leaks from cargo ship beached on French coast". 16 December 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
- ↑ "Chevron Oil Spill Spurs Lawsuit to Freeze 17% of Brazil's Rigs". Bloomberg. 14 December 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
- ↑ "Brazil police to prove Chevron drilling, spill". Reuters. Reuters. 17 November 2011. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
- ↑ "Rena Owners Charged in New Zealand Grounding, Aft Section Sinks". Environment News Service. 9 April 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ↑ Matt Bowen (9 January 2013). "Shipwreck, damaged reputations and a broke DOC". Waikato Times. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- ↑ "Shell North Sea oil spill 'more than 200 tonnes'". BBC. The Crown. 15 August 2011. Retrieved 15 August 2011.
- ↑ "Ruptured pipeline sends oil coursing down the Yellowstone River". Billings Gazette. Lee Enterprises. 2 July 2011. Retrieved 2 July 2011.
- ↑ Frederic J. Brown. "China Oil Spill Six Times Size of Singapore: Govt".
- ↑ Andrew Jacobs (5 July 2011). "China Admits Extent of Spill From Oil Rig". The New York Times.
- ↑ "Alberta pipeline spill: Rainbow Pipeline spill near Peace River". Calgary Herald. Lee Enterprises. 3 May 2011. Retrieved 24 August 2011.
- ↑ Vanderklippe, N. (4 May 2011). "Cost for oil companies pile up after spill." The Globe and Mail.
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- ↑ Yogesh Naik (23 January 2011). "Coast Guard ends op to control oil spill". The Times of India. Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd.
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100,000 bpd of oil had leaked for a week from a pipeline that has since been mended
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(help) - ↑ Gonzalez, Angel (24 January 2010). "Collision Causes Crude Oil Spill in Texas". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 24 January 2010.
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- ↑ Kirkham, Chris; Ramon Antonio Vargas (24 July 2008). "Oil spill shuts down 80 miles of river". New Orleans Times-Picayune. pp. A1.
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- 1 2 3 Research Planning, Inc. (2005). Preassessment Data Report, The MP-69 / Hurricane Ivan Oil Discharges, Mississippi River Delta, Louisiana (pp. 10, 18) (PDF) (Report). Damage Assessment Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
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- 1 2 Oil spills at Guanabara Bay
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- ↑ "Iron Baron, Hebe Reef, Tasmania, 10 July 1995 - Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA)". www.amsa.gov.au. Retrieved 2016-04-21.
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between 1976 and 1996, a total of 4,835 incidents resulted in the spillage of at least 2.4 million barrels of oil, of which an estimated 1.89 million barrels were lost to the environment in the Niger Delta
- ↑ "JANUARY 1975 OIL SPILL IN BANTRY BAY". Public Library of US Diplomacy. Wikileaks. 1975-01-27. Retrieved 2014-11-23.
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- 1 2 3 4 Beer, Tom (2013). Environmental Oceanography: An Introduction to the Behaviour of Coastal Waters. Elsevier. p. 162. ISBN 9781483279671.
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- ↑ "Black tides: the worst oil spills in history". Google Earth files. Retrieved 2014-11-23.
- ↑ http://www.incidentnews.gov/incident/6213
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- ↑ "Case Study Example for Oil Spill Movement and Fate - Notable oil spills". University of Alabama - College of Engineering. 2002-10-23. Retrieved 2015-01-15.
- ↑ "On the rocks - Find a wreck - Arrow 1970". Maritime Museum of the Atlantic. Retrieved 2015-01-15.
- ↑ Brief Oil and Gas History of Santa Barbara County from the County of Santa Barbara, California
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- ↑ "14 Brunei oil wells ablaze". Dundee Evening Telegraph. 1945-06-30. Retrieved 2015-01-21.
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- ↑ Larn, Richard (1992). Shipwrecks of the Isles of Scilly. Nairn: Thomas & Lochar.
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